FAS Strategic Security Blog

In the latest issue of the Federation of American Scientists’ Public Interest Report, analysts from three continents provide new insights into arms trafficking in Africa, Venezuela’s small arms build-up, and the UN Small Arms Review Conference. Links to these articles, along with an issue overview by FAS analyst Matt Schroeder and a summary of the new book, The Small Arms Trade, are included below.

“Where Have All the Antonovs Gone? The Illicit Small Arms Trade in Africa” by James Bevan, Researcher, Small Arms Survey (Geneva)

“A Recurrent Latin American Nightmare: Venezuela and the Challenge of Controlling State Ammunition Stockpiles” by Pablo Dreyfus, Research Coordinator, Small Arms Control Project, Viva Rio (Rio de Janeiro).

“United Nations Action on Small Arms: Moving Forward from Failure” by Rachel Stohl, Senior Analyst, Center for Defense Information (Washington DC)

“Global Approach Needed to Stem the Trade of Illicit Small Arms,” by Matt Schroeder, Manager of the Arms Sales Monitoring Project, Federation of American Scientists.

“Book Summary: The Small Arms Trade”

written by Matt Schroeder \\ tags: arms trafficking, Iraq, UN, Venezuela

The Federation of American Scientists Biosecurity Project has prepared a brief online survey to collect feedback on our “Case Studies in Dual-use Biological Research.” To thank participants for completing the survey, we will enter them into a drawing for an 8GB iPod nano. Click here to go to the case studies or here to go directly to the survey. The survey is open now through May 31, 2007.

If you have any colleagues, students or friends involved in biological research or biosecurity, please let them know about the Case Studies and the survey. Thank you for your feedback!

The first four case studies include an introduction to biosecurity, the poliovirus synthesis experiments conducted in Eckard Wimmer’s laboratory at the State University of New York at Stony Brook; the porous particle development work of David Edwards at Harvard University; and the mousepox experiments conducted by two Australian researchers, Ron Jackson and Ian Ramshaw.

We include in-depth interviews with the researchers to document their personal experiences and present the details of their experiments, the implications for biosecurity, and the aftermath of publication. We also include commentary and analysis, accounts of the public reaction, and a discussion of scientist’s roles and responsibilities. The ultimate purpose of the case studies is to vividly illustrate the challenge and ethical complexities of conducting biology research in “an era of bioterrorism,” and to illustrate how government, the public, the scientific community, and law enforcement have interacted in the past and need to cooperate in the future.

written by ioelrich

(Updated May 9, 2007)

At the beginning of 2007, Russia maintained approximately 5,600 operational nuclear warheads for delivery by ballistic missiles, aircraft, cruise missiles and torpedoes, according to the latest Nuclear Notebook published in the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists. The Russian Notebook, which is written by Hans M. Kristensen of FAS and Robert S. Norris of NRDC, breaks down the Russian arsenal into roughly 3,300 warheads for delivery by strategic weapon systems and 2,300 warheads for delivery by tactical systems.
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written by hkristensen

In a recent report, the Government Accountability Office (GAO) attributes the looting of Iraq’s arms depots to the “ovewhelming size and number” of these depots and “prewar planning priorities and certain assumptions that proved to be invalid.” The report finds that the US military “did not adequately secure these [conventional munitions storage] sites during and immediately after the conclusion of major combat operations” and “did not plan for or set up a program to centrally manage and destroy enemy munitions until August 2003…” The munitions looted from Iraqi arsenals, claims the GAO, have been used extensively in the deadly improvised explosive device (IED) attacks that have become tragically commonplace in Iraq.

But the IED threat is only part of the story. Iraq’s arsenals were also brimming with shoulder-fired, surface-to-air missiles, thousands of which disappeared during the widespread looting of the regime’s numerous arms depots in 2003.
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written by Matt Schroeder \\ tags: Iraq, manpads, United States

Last month, there were three significant congressional committee hearings dealing with the Department of Homeland Security biodefense budget for FY’08. The Science and Technology Directorate’s budget request reached $799.1 million including $142.6 million for Administration and $656.5 million for research, development, testing and evaluation. A big chunk of that budget, $228.9 million was requested for Chemical and Biological security. The Department as well as the directorate has been significantly restructured in the past year after a, shall we say, rocky couple of years. It will be interesting to see what happens with the budget and how the reorganization of the biosecurity programs will play out. On the whole, they appear to be taking steps in the right direction to clean up their act.

Jerry Epstein from the Center for Strategic and International Studies testified before the Committee on Science and Technology regarding the FY’08 Biodefense budget at the Department of Homeland Security. Notably, Epstein comments on the transfer of the Biowatch program to the Office of Health Affairs, the creation of the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority within the Department of Health and Human Services, and comments on classified biodefense research.

Undersecretary for Science and Technology Hon. Jay Cohen testified before the House Appropriations Committee, Subcommittee on Homeland Security. Admiral Cohen discussed the restructuring of the S+T directorate, fiscal responsibility within the agency, and their focus on etting products out of their research and development programs.

Dr. Jeffrey Runge, Chief Medical Officer for the Departments Office of Health Affairs also testified before the House appropriations Committee Subcommittee on Homeland Security where he discussed the new role of the Office of Health Affairs in BioWatch and how they will be cooperating with the S+T directorate. Dr. Runge was the Chief Medical Officer for the Department and in January of this year, the CMO office was renamed the Office of Health Affairs and given a larger role in directing the Departments Biosecurity Programs.

written by ioelrich