Upon completion of Immune Attack, the student will be able to demonstrate understanding of:

1) The role of macrophages and neutrophils in the immune system, including that they:

• are the body’s first responders to infection
• fight bacterial infections
• “eat” bacteria

2) The process of transmigration of monocytes, including that:

• monocytes flow in the blood vessels
• selectins help monocytes “slow down”
• ICAMs help monocytes to “stop”
• ICAMs help monocytes to move through the blood vessel wall and into the connective tissue
• once a monocyte has entered the connective tissue, it is known as a macrophage

3) How the body uses chemical signals to find the site of infection, including that:

• macrophages and neutrophils find the site of infection by following a chemical trail of C3a’s

4) How the body uses chemical markers to recognize enemies, including:

• how macrophages and neutrophils recognize LPS as an indicator of bacteria

5) How macrophages “call” neutrophils for “backup”:

• by releasing a chemical signal of CXCL8