(U) COST: (Dollars in Thousands)
| PROJECT NUMBER & TITLE | FY 1996 ACTUAL | FY 1997 ESTIMATE | FY 1998 ESTIMATE | FY 1999 ESTIMATE | FY 2000 ESTIMATE | FY 2001 ESTIMATE | FY 2002 ESTIMATE | FY 2003 ESTIMATE | TO COMPLETE | TOTAL PROGRAM |
| R2226 Mine and Expeditionary Warfare Advanced Technology | 47,786 | 39,942 | 41,602 | 44,492 | 49,682 | 46,607 | 47,591 | 48,688 | CONT | CONT |
| R2340 Power Blade | 0 | 865 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 865 | 865 |
| TOTAL | 47,786 | 40,807 | 41,602 | 44,492 | 49,682 | 46,607 | 47,591 | 48,688 | CONT | CONT |
A. (U) MISSION DESCRIPTION AND BUDGET ITEM JUSTIFICATION: This program supports demonstrations of technologies for Naval Expeditionary Forces performing the missions of Mine and Expeditionary Warfare. The technologies support a range of capabilities enabling Naval Expeditionary Forces to influence operations ashore.
(U) The previous focus of this Program Element (PE) was to demonstrate and evaluate the capability to adapt the Magic Lantern Advanced Development Model system to meet the shallow water (SW) and surf zone (SZ) minefield detection goals. In FY 1996, this PE was combined with the appropriate advanced technology demonstrations (ATDs) previously in PE 0603555N and refocused to more effectively transition technologies responding to high-priority Naval Expeditionary Warfare mission requirements. The emphasis is on simulating and testing prototypes of technologies with the potential for providing Naval capabilities in five major areas:
- Mine Countermeasure techniques for clandestine surveillance and reconnaissance; mine hunting and clearance; and organic ship protection.
- Battlefield surveillance, reconnaissance, and targeting.
- Naval fire support.
- Command, control, communications, information processing, and mission planning supporting land battles.
- Force mobility and survivability.
(U) Task SW MINE COUNTERMEASURES (MCM) Demonstration (DEMO) was begun in FY 1992 and was designed to determine the applicability of the Magic Lantern Deep Water mine detection system in the Surf Zone/Beach Zone (SZ/BZ) environment. This task was completed in FY 1995.
(U) Task ADVANCED MINE AND OBSTACLE CLEARANCE was begun in FY 1993 and includes the ATD known as EXPLOSIVE NEUTRALIZATION (EN). EN has as its focus to enhance the neutralization of mines and obstacles in the SZ/BZ by enhancing the existing or scheduled Marine Corps and Navy systems. EN addresses technologies required to meet the SW MCM Operational Requirements Document (ORD), Revision 1, dated 16 DEC 1994. There are four basic foci: enhanced line charge deployment using larger rocket motors from Landing Craft, Air Cushion (LCAC), enhanced deployment of explosive net arrays into the SZ with dual rockets from LCAC, advanced fire control, and glider-deployed explosive net arrays with shape charges for the BZ. EN is scheduled to be completed in FY 1998, and will transition to PE 0603502N.
(U) Task ADVANCED MINE SWEEPING was begun in FY 1993 and includes the ATD known as ADVANCED LIGHTWEIGHT INFLUENCE SWEEP SYSTEM (ALISS). ALISS has as its focus to develop superconducting magnets and acoustic transducers suitable for sweeping influence mines that are capable of targeting a particular class of ships. The technologies developed are designed to be lightweight, modular, with low logistical requirements and, with appropriate scaling, could be deployed on a variety of platforms. ALISS addresses requirements outlined in the SW MCM ORD, Revision 1, dated 16 December 1994. ALISS is currently scheduled for completion and transition to PE 0603502N in FY 1998.
(U) Task ADVANCED DEGAUSSING was begun in FY 1993, and is designed to enhance current and future ship passive mine self-defenses by lowering the magnetic signatures of the ship. Four main areas of improvement are: advanced deperming to reduce the vertical magnetic signature by 50% over current capabilities, advanced degaussing by using 3-axis sensing coils and controllers to reduce magnetic signatures by 75%, closed loop degaussing to maintain magnetic signatures in real-time, and secondary field signature reductions due to corrosion-related magnetic fields. ADVANCED DEGAUSSING is currently scheduled for completion in FY 1999 and will be transition to Amphibious Transport Dock (LPD-17) baseline design, PE 0603502N for the MCM ships, and PE 0603513N for steel-hulled ships.
(U) Task ADVANCED SURVEILLANCE/RECONNAISSANCE was begun in FY 1996 and is designed to utilize National Technical Means more efficiently in support of MCM operations and amphibious assaults. The focus is upon improving algorithms for detection of mines, minefields, and essential elements of information, together with improving the methods and types of data acquisition in a timely manner.
(U) Task MODELING AND SIMULATION is a continuing effort, designed to determine project utility via simulations, wargames, and system studies.
(U) The JOINT COUNTERMINE ADVANCED CONCEPT TECHNOLOGY DEMONSTRATION (JCM ACTD) began in FY 1995 with funds provided by the Office of the Secretary of Defense under another PE. Funding support was transferred to this PE in FY 1996. The JCM ACTD is a joint Army-Navy program with significant participation by the Marine Corps. The ACTD will integrate emerging new technologies with those already existing in the field to demonstrate seamless sea-to-shore mine countermeasure/countermine operations with heavy emphasis on clandestine surveillance and reconnaissance in support of expeditionary warfare objectives. Major demonstrations will be conducted in FY 1997 and FY 1998. Following completion of the demonstrations, selected "residuals" of new equipment will remain with field forces until FY 2000 to facilitate "user" feedback, refine the concept of operations, and develop tactical doctrine. A Joint Countermine Operational Simulation (JCOS) and a Command, Control, Communications, Computers and Intelligence (C4I) appliqué will be developed to facilitate system integration, allow for mission planning, and provide improved displays for operational commanders.
(U) Task ADVANCED AIRBORNE TARGET DESIGNATOR was begun in FY 1996 and is designed to improve targeting of precision guided munitions (PGM) from over-the-horizon (OTH) battlefield objects in support of Naval Surface Fires (NSF). Efforts include laser target rangefinding and laser designation from unmanned and manned platforms, rapid reporting of targets in existing and compatible formats.
(U) Task EXPEDITIONARY WARFARE COMMUNICATIONS NETWORKING was begun in FY 1996 and is designed to improve the connectivity between sea and land forces, particularly in support of NSF and for OTH operations. Concepts to be examined will include: prototype ship-to-shore, high data rate, digital, dynamically controlled network for timely sensor-to-shooter connectivity supporting littoral operations such as close air support and Naval fire support including existing or planned systems for linking organic and theater surveillance assets such as Joint Surveillance Target Attack Radar System, EP-3, ES-3, and Airborne Warning and Control System. High Frequency (HF)/Very HF /Ultra HF, cellular, and satellite communications systems such as Joint Tactical Information Distribution System, Common High Bandwidth Datalink, Military Strategic and Tactical Relay, and wideband line-of-sight tactical video will be included. Prototypes to be considered should be interoperable with the Improved Data Modem and Automated Target Handoff System and be capable of transitioning to the Navy's Communication Support System.
(U) Task SURFACE SURVEILLANCE, TARGET ACQUISITION, AND FIRE CONTROL was begun in FY 1996 and is designed to improve the Navy's ability to monitor and survey the land battlespace for PGM from OTH in all-weather conditions from either manned or unmanned vehicles in support of NSF.
(U) Due to the sheer volume of efforts included in this PE, the programs described in the Accomplishments and Plans section are representative selections of the work included in this PE.
(U) The Navy Science and & Technology program includes projects that focus on or have attributes that enhance the affordability of warfighting systems.
(U) JUSTIFICATION FOR BUDGET ACTIVITY: This program is budgeted within the ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT Budget Activity because it encompasses design, development, simulation, or experimental testing or prototype hardware to validate technological feasibility and concept of operations and reduce technical risk prior to initiation of a new acquisition program or transition to an ongoing acquisition program.
(U) COST: (Dollars in Thousands)
| PROJECT NUMBER & TITLE | FY 1996 ACTUAL | FY 1997 ESTIMATE | FY 1998 ESTIMATE | FY 1999 ESTIMATE | FY 2000 ESTIMATE | FY 2001 ESTIMATE | FY 2002 ESTIMATE | FY 2003 ESTIMATE | TO COMPLETE | TOTAL PROGRAM |
| R2226 Mine and Expeditionary Warfare Advanced Technology | 47,786 | 39,942 | 41,602 | 44,492 | 49,682 | 46,607 | 47,591 | 48,688 | CONT | CONT |
A. (U) MISSION DESCRIPTION AND BUDGET ITEM JUSTIFICATION: This program supports demonstrations of technologies for Naval Expeditionary Forces performing the missions of Mine and Expeditionary Warfare. The technologies support a range of capabilities enabling Naval Expeditionary Forces to influence operations ashore.
(U) PROGRAM ACCOMPLISHMENTS AND PLANS:
1. (U) FY 1996 ACCOMPLISHMENTS:
I. (U) ($15,374) ADVANCED MINE and OBSTACLE CLEARANCE: Finished dynamic bench testing of fire control systems and begun installation upon LCAC. Demonstrated fire control and deployment of both line charge and net array subsystems from motion platform on land. Awarded contract for final 1/5 scale BZ array glider deployment after successful demonstration of smaller prototype. Demonstrated lethality of BZ array against land mines. Demonstrate lethality of SZ sub-array design against SZ mines.
II. (U) ($11,725) ADVANCED MINE SWEEPING: Continued fabrication and factory testing of full-scale acoustic subsystem and concluded critical design review of magnetic subsystem. Continued integration of subsystems on both fast target remote-controlled boats and air cushion platforms for demonstration testing in FY 1998.
III. (U) ($6,462) ADVANCED DEGAUSSING: Completed deperming test on full-scale surface combatant. Continued corrosion, stray, and eddy current source reduction analyses for MCM ships.
IV. (U) ($3,105) ADVANCED SURVEILLANCE/RECONNAISSANCE: Surveyed advanced satellite, aircraft and surface craft based sensors to assess their ability for surveillance and reconnaissance of littoral battle spaces and to determine the effectiveness for mine and expeditionary warfare applications. Demonstrated during fleet exercise PURPLE STAR (CJTFEX96-2) the production and timely dissemination of new intelligence products revealing beach defenses, topographical and environmental information.
V. (U) ($1,096) MODELING AND SIMULATION: Held a series of wargames and simulation exercises to investigate and document the military utility of potential Expeditionary Warfare systems. Initiated effort for configural mine theory. Transition to PE 0603502N.
VI. (U) ($6,800) JCM ACTD: Planned and coordinated initial preparations for the two major ACTD demonstrations including performance assessment, execution, system configurations training and logistic support. Defined communication links and initiated system simulation development to integrate both new and existing systems into an effective mine countermeasure/countermine force. Began planning for support of residual equipment which will be left with the operational forces after completion of the two demonstrations. Worked closely with Fleet, Force, and Army operational staffs to ensure "user" requirements were fully considered and integrated into the ACTD planning process.
VII. (U) ($1,464) ADVANCED AIRBORNE TARGET DESIGNATOR: Surveyed a variety of technologies and approaches for laser rangefinding and fire targeting reporting compatible with the Marine Corps Forward Observer/Forward Air Controller. Determined that demonstration on an existing helicopter is the most cost-efficient platform.
VIII. (U) ($1,510) EXPEDITIONARY WARFARE COMMUNICATIONS NETWORKING: Conducted a preliminary investigation of optimizing land-to-sea communication networks for supporting OTH NSF operations.
IX. (U) ($250) SURFACE SURVEILLANCE, TARGET ACQUISITION, AND FIRE CONTROL: Initiated a survey of prototype airborne radar that could provide an all-weather Moving Target Indicator, target acquisition and fire control capability for targeting of munitions delivered OTH by Naval Surface Fire Support.
2. (U) FY 1997 PLAN:
X. (U) ($12,096) ADVANCED MINE and OBSTACLE CLEARANCE: Demonstrate at-sea deployment of inert line charge and SZ array from air cushion platform using fire control algorithms and control of LCAC. Begin transition of the explosive array technology to PE 0603502N for integration with tactical delivery systems. Continue fabrication of final sub-scale BZ net array and delivery system.
XI. (U) ($7,900) ADVANCED MINE SWEEPING: Continue fabrication and testing of acoustic and magnetic subsystems, and begin implementation and integration aboard platforms. Complete final laboratory tests of magnetic and acoustic subsystems.
XII. (U) ($6,000) ADVANCED DEGAUSSING: Complete analysis of test results of ship deperming and algorithm development of degaussing controllers. Complete corrosion current source reduction analyses for MCM ships. Continue stray, and eddy current source reduction analyses for MCM ships. Initiate closed loop degaussing tests with on-board sensor suite on a surface combatant to develop prediction algorithms.
XIII. (U) ($2,098) ADVANCED SURVEILLANCE/RECONNAISSANCE: Continue utilizing advanced sensors to measure critical battle space parameters and quantify their effectiveness. Demonstrate capabilities in automatic target recognition and multi-sensor data fusion. Participate in JCM ACTD Demo.
XIV. (U) ($1,200) MODELING AND SIMULATION: Continue modeling and simulation to investigate the military utility of potential Mine and Expeditionary Warfare systems. Provide background for selection of prototyping projects.
XV. (U) ($7,000) JCM ACTD: Conduct first major JCM ACTD operational demonstration on the East Coast of the United States in conjunction with Commander in Chief, United States Atlantic Command component forces in a Joint Task Force Exercise. The demonstration will emphasize enhanced near-term/near shore countermine capabilities. Begin analysis of demonstration data. Continue planning and other preparations for the second demonstration. Continue planning for support of "residual" equipment.
XVI. (U) ($1,323) ADVANCED AIRBORNE TARGET DESIGNATOR: Begin effort to integrate laser rangefinder aboard helicopter with Global Positioning System (GPS), and radio communication links back to fire control coordinator. Initiate packaging and configuration design studies. Conduct lab testing of prototype hardware and software.
XVII. (U) ($1,400) EXPEDITIONARY WARFARE COMMUNICATIONS NETWORKING: Perform limited communication system interoperability tests in a laboratory and range environment. Develop a simulation characterizing network performance in an operational environment.
XVIII. (U) ($100) SURFACE SURVEILLANCE, TARGET ACQUISITION, AND FIRE CONTROL: Initiate packaging studies and cost analyses. Initiate integration of radar, signal processor and data link. Conduct laboratory and limited field tests of hardware and software modules.
XIX. (U) ($825) Portion of extramural program reserved for Small Business Innovation Research assessment in accordance with 15 U.S.C.638.
3. (U) FY 1998 PLAN:
XX. (U) ($7,825) ADVANCED MINE AND OBSTACLE CLEARANCE: Demonstrate 1/5 scale BZ array (inert) and deployment system. Transition to PE 0603502N. Demonstrate inert explosive line charges, SZ array, fire control in JCM ACTD Demo.
XXI. (U) ($4,200) ADVANCED MINE SWEEPING: Finish integration of acoustic and magnetic subsystems on platform. Conduct final tests of both systems and perform field tests. Demonstrate ALISS in the JCM ACTD demo. Transition to PE 0603502N.
XXII. (U) ($5,900) ADVANCED DEGAUSSING: Finish tests of closed-loop degaussing algorithms, advanced deperming, and stray field minimization. Begin transition to PEs 0603513N, 0603502N, and to the LPD-17 program.
XXIII. (U) ($3,500) ADVANCED SURVEILLANCE/RECONNAISSANCE: Continue utilizing advanced sensors to measure critical battle space parameters and quantify their effectiveness. Demonstrate increased timeliness and utility by participation in JCM ACTD Demo. Begin focused efforts upon beach topography, off-shore currents, and surf conditions in real-time.
XXIV. (U) ($1,500) MODELING AND SIMULATION: Continue modeling and simulation to conduct concept based assessment of potential Mine and Expeditionary Warfare technologies. The effort will emphasize warfighter-technologist interaction and warfighter driven simulation based technology assessment to explore in detail current and
proposed advanced technologies in tandem with relevant concepts of operations (e.g. Operational Manuever From The Sea (OMFTS), Sea Dragon).
XXV. (U) ($7,000) JCM ACTD: Finalize plans for and conduct second major JCM ACTD demonstration. Build on lessons learned from Demonstration I and emphasize clandestine mine surveillance/reconnaissance and detection capabilities. Demonstrate complete JCOS and C4I appliqué. Complete analysis of Demonstration I data; begin analysis of Demonstration II data. Begin support for "residual" equipment left with operational forces for further evaluation.
XXVI. (U) ($1,800) ADVANCED AIRBORNE TARGET DESIGNATOR: Continue efforts to integrate laser rangefinder aboard helicopter with GPS, and radio communication links back to fire control coordinator. Complete packaging and configuration designs. Begin preparations for final range tests and field tests with live fires.
XXVII. (U) ($1,900) EXPEDITIONARY WARFARE COMMUNICATIONS NETWORKING: Continue performing communication system interoperability tests in a laboratory and range environment. Develop prototype mobile route for airborne platforms.
XXVIII. (U) ($1,650) SURFACE SURVEILLANCE, TARGET ACQUISITION, AND FIRE CONTROL: Continue limited range and laboratory tests of moving target indicator radar with small size, weight, and power requirements suitable for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) applications. Based upon limited tests, determine if the accuracy and resolution of the radar targeting subsystem is appropriate for PGM. Develop and begin integrating radio link.
XXIX. (U) ($6,327) MINE IDENTIFICATION: Initiate effort to identify mines from Air Mine Countermeasures (AMCM) helicopters using underwater laser imaging techniques. The approach to be used will modify commercial off-the-shelf laser imaging technologies, such as Streak Tube Imaging Laser (STIL), Laser Imaging Detection and Ranging (LIDAR), receiver array technologies, and pulsed-power lasers to acquire images for underwater mine identification. Receiver design will be multi-spectral to enable fluorescence measurements for enhanced identification range. Planned efforts include modification of existing lasers to provide the necessary power and pulse width (for three dimensional imaging and ambient light rejection) modification of receiver components, and to conduct laboratory testing of individual components.
4. (U) FY 1999 PLAN:
XXX. (U) ($2,935) ADVANCED DEGAUSSING: Complete all efforts in advanced deperming, closed loop degaussing, and algorithm development and documentation. Complete transition to PEs 0603513N, 0603502N, and the LPD-17 construction program.
XXXI. (U) ($3,500) ADVANCED SURVEILLANCE/RECONNAISSANCE: Continue focusing efforts on environmental parameters, including offshore bathymetry, optical clarity, and other essential elements of information appropriate to amphibious assaults.
XXXII. (U) ($1,500) MODELING AND SIMULATION: Continue modeling and simulation to investigate the military utility of potential Mine and Expeditionary Warfare systems. Provide background for selection of prototyping projects.
XXXIII. (U) ($2,700) JCM ACTD: Complete analysis of Demonstration II data. Document demonstration results. Continue logistics support for ACTD "residual" equipment left with operational forces. Complete JCOS and C4I documentation. Incorporate "user" comments into final ACTD documentation.
XXXIV. (U) ($3,500) ADVANCED AIRBORNE TARGET DESIGNATOR: Complete efforts to integrate laser rangefinder aboard helicopter with GPS, and radio communication links back to fire control coordinator. Demonstrate system in field tests with live fires. Determine accuracy of targeting to resulting fire locations.
XXXV. (U) ($3,500) EXPEDITIONARY WARFARE COMMUNICATIONS NETWORKING: Complete communication system interoperability tests in a laboratory and range environment. Fabricate and demonstrate system with prototype mobile route for airborne platforms in operational context.
XXXVI. (U) ($3,000) SURFACE SURVEILLANCE, TARGET ACQUISITION, AND FIRE CONTROL: Conduct final field tests and determine final resolution and accuracy of radar systems under a variety of weather and environmental conditions.
XXXVII. (U) ($6,140) MINE IDENTIFICATION: Begin integration of component technologies together in the laboratory. Begin fabrication of final design suitable for tow-body configuration. Begin integration and performance of final design. Conduct tank tests of preliminary system. Begin algorithm development for computer-aided identification.
XXXVIII. (U) ($6,000) RAPID MINEFIELD SURVEILLANCE: Initiate development of a wide-area, rapid surveillance system capable of detecting minefields in the SZ/BZ environmental areas with a probability of detection of 0.95 at a rate of 80 square nautical miles per hour, which meets the Operational Requirements Document for SW MCM Reconnaissance and Detection. Anticipated resolution using LIDAR imaging is 3 inches. The approach is to use the STIL technology with a more powerful, higher repetition laser with the STIL receiver technology deployed upon a fixed-wing aircraft capable of low altitude flights. The efforts for this year will be focused upon laser technology upgrades, faster receiver arrays, design for multi-spectral receivers for fluorescent signatures and initial design of system integration. Further emphasis will be upon algorithm for detection of minefield 3-dimensional multi-spectral imagery.
XXXIX. (U) ($6,000) UNDERWATER NEUTRALIZATION OF MINES: Initiate development of a system for neutralization of mines. Candidate systems being considered include: directed energy, focused pressure shock waves that can penetrate and neutralize mines in SW environments, and articulated tracked vehicles for operations up to 2000 feet water depth for neutralization of bottom and close-tethered mines. Actual system concept and design will determined based upon technical maturity, operational viability, and anticipated cost of operation.
XL. (U) ($5,717) SZ/BZ NEUTRALIZATION OF MINES AND OBSTACLES: Initiate development a system of small, autonomous minehunting vehicles capable of detection, classification, identification, and neutralization of mines and obstacles in the SZ/BZ environments. Candidate systems now being considered include: small, tracked vehicles that randomly search the SZ/BZ areas and parachute-deployed explosive nets with shape charges capable of neutralizing combined obstacle and mine fields. Actual system concept and design will determined based upon technical maturity, operational viability, and anticipated cost of operation.
B. (U) PROGRAM CHANGE SUMMARY:
FY1996 FY1997 FY1998 FY1999
(U) FY 1997 President's Budget: $39,002 $42,753 $41,636 $44,764
(U) Adjustments from 1997 PRESBUDG: +$8,784 -$2,811 -$34 -$272
(U) FY 1998/1999 OSD/OMB Budget Submission: $47,786 $39,942 $41,602 $44,492
(U) CHANGE SUMMARY EXPLANATION:
(U) Funding: FY 1996 adjustments include (+$10,000) for FY 1996 Supplemental, (-$80) for Administrative and Personal Rescission, ($-207) for Jordanian F-16 financing rescission, (-$413) for SBIR transfer and ($-516) for minor adjustments. FY 1997 adjustments include (-$900) for Congressional Earmark, and (-$1,911) for Congressional Undistributed Reductions. FY 1998 adjustments include (-$34) due to NWCF and minor adjustments. FY 1999 decrease of (-$272) due to NWCF and minor adjustments.
(U) Schedule: Not applicable.
(U) Technical: Not applicable.
C. (U) OTHER PROGRAM FUNDING SUMMARY: Not applicable.
(U) RELATED RDT&E:
(U) PE 0601153N (Defense Research Sciences)
(U) PE 0602131M (Marine Corps Landing Force Technology)
(U) PE 0602314N (Undersea Surveillance and Weapons Technology)
(U) PE 0602315N (MCM, Mining and Special Warfare Technology)
(U) PE 0602435N (Oceanographic and Atmospheric Technology)
(U) PE 0603502N (Surface and Shallow Water MCM)
(U) PE 0603513N (Shipboard System Component Dev)
(U) PE 0603528N (Non-Acoustic ASW)
(U) PE 0603612M (Marine Corps Mine Countermeasures)
(U) PE 0603640M (Marine Corps Advanced Technology)
(U) PE 0604373N (Airborne Mine Countermeasures)
(U) PE 0604784N (Distributed Surveillance System)
D. (U) SCHEDULE PROFILE: Not Applicable.
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