Department of the Army *TRADOC Reg 381-1
Headquarters, United States Army
Training and Doctrine Command
Fort Monroe, Virginia 23651-5000
19 April 1993
Military Intelligence
Summary. This regulation assigns responsibilities and establishes policy and procedures for the
U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command (TRADOC) threat management system. It provides
guidance on the development of threat support programs, the use of approved intelligence and
threat products, the functions of the TRADOC Senior Intelligence Officer (SIO) and the major
subordinate command (MSC)/center/school threat managers (TM).
Applicability. This regulation applies to all TRADOC centers, schools, and activities involved in
doctrine, training, organization, leadership, and materiel development.
Supplementation. Supplementation of this regulation is prohibited without prior approval from
Commander, TRADOC, ATTN: ATDO-I, Fort Monroe, VA 23651-5000.
Suggested improvements. The proponent for this regulation is the Deputy Chief of Staff for
Doctrine (DCSDOC). Users are invited to send comments and suggested improvements on DA
Form 2028 (Recommended Changes to Publications and Blank Forms) directly to Commander,
TRADOC, ATTN: ATDO-I, Fort Monroe, VA 23651-5000.
___________________
*This regulation supersedes TRADOC Reg 381-1, 1 February 1988.
_____________________________________________________________________
Contents
Paragraph Page
Chapter 1
Introduction
Purpose. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1 2
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2 2
Explanation of abbreviations and terms . . . . 1-3 2
Chapter 2
Threat Management Responsibilities
General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1 2
DCSDOC, Director of Intelligence (DI),
Headquarters (HQ) TRADOC . . . . . . . . . . 2-2 2
Commander, U.S. Army Combined Arms
Command (CAC). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3 2
Commanders/Commandants of TRADOC
Centers and Schools. . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4 3
Chapter 3
Threat Support to Concept and Doctrine
Development
General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1 4
Responsibilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2 4
Chapter 4
Threat Support to Combat Developments
General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1 4
System studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2 4
Threat Coordinating Group (TCG). . . . . . . . 4-3 5
TRADOC standard scenarios. . . . . . . . . . . 4-4 5
Models and simulations . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5 6
Army Materiel Command (AMC)
coordination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6 6
Chapter 5
Threat Support to Training and
Training Development
General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1 6
Review and approval. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2 6
Common core threat documentation . . . . . . . 5-3 6
Training aids and devices. . . . . . . . . . . 5-4 7
Reference materials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5 7
Combat Training Centers (CTC). . . . . . . . . 5-6 7
Threat Military Orientation Course
(TMOC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7 7
Appendixes
A. References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
B. Doctrinal, Training, and Training
Development Threat Preparation
and Approval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Chapter 1
Introduction
1-1. Purpose. This regulation prescribes the policy and
responsibilities necessary to ensure the application of
accurate, comprehensive, and consistent intelligence
and threat data in all TRADOC activities. It focuses on
support to the Enhanced Concept Based Requirements
System (ECBRS), Life-Cycle System Management
Model, and other TRADOC doctrine, training, leader
development, organization, materiel, and soldier
(DTLOMS) activities.
1-2. References. Appendix A contains the required and
related publications.
1-3. Explanation of abbreviations and terms. The
glossary contains abbreviations and explanations of
special terms used in this regulation.
Chapter 2
Threat Management Responsibilities
2-1. General. The goal of the TRADOC Threat
Management System is the timely provision and
accurate portrayal of the threat in TRADOC DTLOMS
activities. Achieving this goal requires a system that is
proactive, requirements driven, mutually supportive,
and flexible. Above all, the system must have clearly
stated missions, roles, and responsibilities at all levels.
2-2. DCSDOC, DI, HQ TRADOC.
The DCSDOC, DI, HQ TRADOC will-
a. Serve as the TRADOC SIO and advisor to the
commanding general (CG) and principal staff on
intelligence and threat related matters.
b. Provide command interface with the Department of
the Army (DA) staff, other major Army commands
(MACOMs), and national intelligence agencies, to
assure timely and effective intelligence and threat
support to TRADOC.
c. Establish and promulgate TRADOC policy and
guidance for intelligence and threat support.
d. Provide threat support for quick-reaction studies/
projects conducted by HQ TRADOC staff.
e. Assess changes in worldwide threat for impact on
TRADOC, and inform CG and principal staff.
f. Provide TRADOC input to Army Regulation (AR)
381-11.
g. Provide intelligence and threat support policy input
to TRADOC regulations and pamphlets.
h. Provide intelligence input to TRADOC planning
processes.
i. Provide threat support to HQ TRADOC concept and
doctrine developers having responsibility for operational
level concepts and doctrine (e.g. Echelons Above Corps/
Joint/Combined).
j. Provide HQ TRADOC staff review of combat
development (CD) documentation and Army Doctrine
and Training Literature Program (ADTLP) products
from an intelligence/threat perspective.
k. Provide intelligence representative on
Requirements Review Committee and TRADOC
Materiel Evaluation Committee.
l. Provide threat support to the ECBRS analytical
support process.
m. Provide threat support to the Early Entry
Lethality & Survivability Battle Lab.
n. Advise Program 2 resource manager on MSC and
center/school TM workload and resource requirements.
2-3. Commander, CAC. Commander, CAC will appoint
a TM to serve as the TM for TRADOC, and the CAC
focal point and principal authority on threat and threat
support matters. As currently organized, this is the
Director, CAC Threats Directorate. The CAC TM will-
a. Establish and maintain a Defense Intelligence
Agency (DIA) Intelligence Dissemination Customer
Account.
b. Establish and maintain intelligence and threat
databases (reference files).
c. Review and approve for CG, TRADOC threat
documentation, prepared by TRADOC centers and
schools, that requires Commander, TRADOC approval
in accordance with (IAW) the provisions of AR 381-11.
d. Forward threat documentation for acquisition
category (ACAT) I and II systems to Department of the
Army (DA), Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff for
Intelligence (ODCSINT) (DAMI-FIT), for approval.
e. Consolidate cost and operational effectiveness
analysis (COEA) threat and prepare threat chapter for
COEA reports.
f. Prepare intelligence report for ACAT III and IV
systems milestone decision review (MDR) I.
g. Represent TRADOC on DA-sponsored TCGs and
Program Manager (PM)-Sponsored Test Integration
Working Groups (TIWGs), and coordinate participation
by other TRADOC elements, as appropriate.
h. Establish and chair TRADOC TCGs, as appropriate.
i. Provide threat support to international bilateral/
multi-national exchange programs; to include staff talks
for which TRADOC is the proponent, or provides
representation.
j. Serve as intelligence requirements manager and
requirements validation authority for TRADOC.
k. Validate TRADOC center/school/activity
statements of intelligence interest (SII) and forward to
DA ODCSINT (DAMI-FIP) IAW the provisions of AR
381-19.
l. Review and approve threat data and portrayal in
Army Models Improvement Program (AMIP) models,
functional area models, and training models and
simulations used by more than one TRADOC activity.
m. Validate for TRADOC the training readiness of
opposing forces (OPFOR) used in "force-on-force" phase
of operational tests (OT) when a validated threat is
required.
n. Validate for TRADOC the threat portrayal in the
"force-on-force" phase of OT when a validated threat is
required.
o. Develop, in coordination with TRADOC Analysis
Command (TRAC), threat for TRADOC standard
theater resolution scenarios (TRS), low-resolution
scenarios (LRS), and excursion scenarios.
p. Review and approve, in coordination with TRAC,
the threat portrayed in TRADOC standard high-
resolution scenarios (HRS).
q. Conduct the Threat Military Orientation Course
(TMOC) semiannually.
r. Serve as TRADOC focal point for center/school and
CTC foreign materiel for training (FMT) requirements.
s. Provide intelligence and threat support to the
Battle Command Battle Lab.
t. Produce and update unclassified threat documents
on foreign armed forces, as primary threat references
for training development and training.
u. Review, for technical and doctrinal accuracy, the
threat materials used by the four CTCs and their
portrayal of threat doctrine and tactics.
v. Provide threat support to centers/schools listed in
paragraph 2-4b(1) as required.
w. Perform other TM functions as outlined in
paragraph 2-4a(2) below, in support of CAC activities.
2-4. Commanders/Commandants of TRADOC
Centers and Schools.
a. Commanders/Commandants listed in paragraph (1)
below, will appoint a TM to be the focal point and
principal authority on threat and threat support
matters, responsible for functions listed in paragraph
(2) below:
(1) Centers/schools.
(a) U.S. Army Air Defense Artillery School.
(b) U.S. Army Aviation School.
(c) U.S. Army Armor School.
(d) U.S. Army Chemical School.
(e) U.S. Army Engineer School.
(f) U.S. Army Field Artillery School.
(g) U.S. Army Infantry Center and Fort Benning.
(h) U.S. Army Intelligence Center and School.
(i) U.S. Army Military Police School.
(j) U.S. Army Signal School.
(k) U.S. Army Medical Department Center and
School.*
*IAW formal agreements between U.S. Army
Health Services Command, Office of The Surgeon
General, and U.S. Army Medical Research and
Development Command, the U.S. Army Medical
Department Center and School is treated as a
TRADOC school for the purpose of threat
management.
(2) TM responsibilities
(a) Establish and maintain a DIA Intelligence
Dissemination Customer Account.
(b) Develop and update the center/school SII and
forward to CAC Threats for validation.
(c) Maintain intelligence and threat database
(reference files).
(d) Develop and maintain expert knowledge of
current and projected foreign weapon systems,
equipment, organization, doctrine, and tactics with
emphasis on threat to center/school functional mission
area.
(e) Develop and produce-
- Threat sections of mission need statements
(MNSs) and operational requirements
documents (ORDs).
- STARs.
- STAs.
- TTSPs (supporting operational testing).
- Threat input for COEAs.
- Other threat statements/documents required
to support the center/school combat
development mission.
- Intelligence and threat required by resident
Battle Labs (Armor, Infantry, and Field
Artillery Schools) and proponent cells that
provide input to Battle Labs.
(f) Forward STARs, STAs, and TTSPs to the CAC
TM for TRADOC approval.
(g) Develop IPRs and NIPRs, as appropriate, and
submit to the CAC TM for validation. Develop QRRs
and submit to appropriate production agency, with
information copies to the CAC TM and DA ODCSINT
(DAMI-FIP).
(h) Provide school representative(s) on
appropriate TCGs, Threat Accreditation Working
Groups (TAWGs), and TIWGs.
(i) Assist training developers/instructors in
obtaining threat reference materials.
(j) Review training products, and validate for
accuracy of threat content.
(k) Monitor threat related classroom instruction,
to ensure adequacy and validity of threat.
(l) Serve as center/school point of contact (POC)
for FMT requirements.
(m) Ensure threat used in school modeling,
wargaming, and simulations is accurate and consistent.
(n) Review operations concepts and emerging
doctrine, for which the center/school is proponent, for
accuracy of threat.
(o) Provide threat support to operational testing
for which center/school is proponent.
(p) Provide threat SME for CTC validations, as
requested by CAC Threats.
b. Commanders/Commandants listed in paragraph (1)
below, will as a minimum designate a point of contact
(POC) for intelligence and threat related matters. A
full-time TM maybe appointed if necessary to satisfy
mission requirements.
(1) Commands/Centers/Schools.
(a) U.S. Army Combined Arms Support
Command.
(b) U.S. Army Aviation Logistics School.
(c) U.S. Army Chaplain Center and School.
(d) U.S. Army Ordnance Missile and Munitions
Center and School.
(e) U.S. Army Ordnance Center and School.
(f) U.S. Army Quartermaster Center and School.
(g) U.S. Army Sergeants Major Academy.
(h) U.S. Army Soldier Support Center.
(i) U.S. Army Transportation School.
(2) POC Functions.
(a) Respond to queries from TRADOC DI and
CAC TM regarding center/school requirements for
intelligence and threat support.
(b) Ensure center/school SII is updated annually
or as required by the CAC TM.
(c) Ensure intelligence and threat reference
materiel is maintained in a centralized file for use by
combat developers, doctrine writers, and instructors.
Chapter 3
Threat Support To Concept and
Doctrine Development
3-1. General. The threat is a key consideration in the
development of concepts and doctrine. The TM at each
center/school assists proponent concept developers and
SME in the formulation of concepts and doctrine.
3-2. Responsibilities.
a. The DI, HQ TRADOC, provides intelligence and
threat support to HQ TRADOC concept and doctrine
developers. The DI, HQ TRADOC reviews all umbrella
concepts and operational level doctrine (echelon above
Corps (EAC), joint and combined) for sufficiency and
accuracy of threat as part of routine HQ staffing.
b. The TM at each level reviews the threat in concepts
and doctrinal literature through normal coordination
channels, as specified in TRADOC Reg 11-16, TRADOC
Reg 25-30, and TRADOC Reg 25-31.
c. Each proponent center/school TM ensures that
center/school concepts and doctrinal literature are based
on finished intelligence products. To accomplish this-
(1) The proponent TM disseminates appropriate
finished intelligence and threat projections to concept
developers and doctrinal literature writers.
(2) SME and concept developers include the TM in
the formal coordination and review channel for all
concepts and doctrinal literature produced by the
proponent, or received for review and coordination.
(3) The proponent TM assists in drafting the threat
paragraph for TRADOC 525-series pamphlets
originated within the proponent's area of responsibility.
(4) The proponent TM provides changes in the
threat, as they occur, to concept and doctrine writers.
d. Appendix B outlines doctrinal, training, and
training development threat preparation and approval
responsibilities.
Chapter 4
Threat Support To Combat Developments
4-1. General. Threat support is essential throughout
the combat development process. As the single POC for
threat support, the center/school TM must be brought
into combat development planning as early as possible.
The TM, using DIA validated threat data sources,
provides the necessary threat data and documentation
to support center/school combat development activities;
to include testing and evaluation.
4-2. System studies.
a. Requirements documents. The proponent center/
school TM prepares the threat sections of MNS and
ORD. The MNS threat statement is based on applicable,
DIA-produced or validated documents, and reviewed
and approved by the CAC TM and DA ODCSINT
(DAMI-FIT) during the formal staffing of the MNS. The
ORD threat section is based on the DA ODCSINT
approved STAR, or other finished intelligence products,
and approved by the CAC TM and DA ODCSINT
(DAMI-FIT) during the formal staffing of the ORD.
b. Special task force (STF) and special study group
(SSG). Upon approval of an ACAT I or II MNS, DA,
Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations and
Plans (ODCSOPS) determines if the system warrants
establishing an STF or SSG. An STF is normally
chartered under the general staff supervision of the DA
ODCSOPS, and threat support personnel are identified
and included as part of the STF. An SSG is normally
chartered under the supervision of TRADOC and threat
support is the responsibility of the proponent center/
school TM.
c. STAR.
(1) General. The STAR is the authoritative, tailored
threat assessment, prepared for each ACAT I and II
program. Use the STAR as the primary threat reference
for the ORD, the TTSP, the COEA, and other threat
documentation, prepared to support a specific
acquisition program.
(2) Responsibility. The proponent TRADOC center/
school TM prepares the initial STAR and annual
updates through Milestone Decision Review (MDR) I.
After MDR I, AMC will assume responsibility for STAR
updates through MDR IV. The CAC TM assigns center/
school responsibility for the preparation of umbrella
STARs which cross functional boundaries.
(3) Format. The format for the STAR is contained in
AR 381-11. For additional guidance, see TRADOC Pam
381-3.
(4) Timing. For ACAT I and II programs, the
proponent TM prepares the initial STAR and submits it
to the CAC TM not later than (NLT) 90 days after
Milestone (MS) O. The CAC TM will:
(a) Review and approve the STAR for TRADOC.
(b) Coordinate it with the AMC DCSINT.
(c) Forward it to DA ODCSINT (DAMI-FIT) NLT
150 days after MS O, with a copy to the DI, HQ
TRADOC.
Thereafter, the proponent TM updates the STAR
annually IAW AR 381-11, and submits the update/
change through the CAC TM, to DA ODCSINT
(DAMI-FIT) for approval.
(5) Coordination. When preparing the STAR, the
proponent TM maintains close coordination with the
proponent AMC foreign intelligence officer (FIO) to
ensure consideration of AMC and PM requirements, and
the smooth transition of the STAR update/production
requirement to the materiel developer's supporting FIO.
The proponent TM also coordinates with the combat
developer and the TRADOC System Manager (TSM)
throughout the STAR development process. The CAC
TM ensures ACAT I and II STARs are fully coordinated
with the system PM, TSM, and the AMC DCSINT
before forwarding to DA ODCSINT (DAMI-FIT) for
approval.
(6) Publication. DA ODCSINT (DAMI-FIT) returns
approved STARs to the TRADOC proponent TM for
publication. The proponent TM coordinates STAR
distribution with the DA ODCSINT Threat Integration
Staff Officer (TISO) and the CAC TM. Distribution
includes two copies of each STAR for the DI, HQ
TRADOC.
d. STA. The proponent TM prepares the STA in the
STAR format for ACAT III and IV programs. STA
preparation responsibilities and timing are the same as
for the ACAT I and II STARs. The CAC TM is the
TRADOC approval authority for the STA. Approval is
coordinated with the AMC DCSINT. For ACAT III and
IV systems, not threat driven or subject to targeting by
the threat, the CAC TM, in coordination with the AMC
DCSINT, may waive the STA requirement. The CAC
TM forwards an information copy of the approved STA
(or waiver) to the TRADOC SIO and DA ODCSINT
(DAMI-FIT).
e. TTSP.
(1) General. Base the TTSP on the STAR, but focus
on the operational testing of a specific system. Prepare
a TTSP for each ACAT I and II system and those ACAT
III and IV systems selected for oversight by the Office of
the Secretary of Defense Test and Evaluation (OSD
T&E). Prepare a TTSP for all other ACAT 111 and IV
systems that require an operationally realistic threat
for testing.
(2) Responsibility. The proponent TM prepares the
initial TTSP and all subsequent iterations that support
operational tests. The proponent AMC FIO assists the
proponent TM in the preparation of the initial TTSP,
and prepares all subsequent TTSP iterations that
support developmental tests.
(3) Format. AR 381-11 and TRADOC Pam 381-3
outline the format for the TTSP.
(4) Timing. The proponent TM prepares the TTSP
to support operational testing milestones set by the
TIWG. The TM reviews and updates the TTSP annually
and/or as required, to meet testing milestones. The
TISO, as a member of the TIWG, provides TTSP
milestone requirements directly to the proponent TM or
through the TCG. The proponent TM attends the TIWG,
whenever possible, in order to gain a better
understanding of test threat requirements.
4-3. TCG. The TCG is a threat integrating body made
up of representatives from AMC, TRADOC, PM Office,
and the intelligence community, to coordinate the
provision of timely, consistent, and approved threat
support to a specific system, mission area, or study. For
ACAT I and II programs, and other DA-level programs,
the TCG is normally established and chaired by the
TISO. TRADOC participation includes representatives
from the proponent TM office, combat developer, TSM,
and CAC TM. When necessary, the CAC TM, in
coordination with the AMC DCSINT, may establish a
MACOM-level TCG for an ACAT III or IV program or
other studies. The CAC TM provides the TRADOC
chairperson for TRADOC-level TCGs.
4-4. TRADOC standard scenarios.
a. TRS and LRS. The CAC TM is the proponent for
the threat aspects of standard scenarios and develops
the threat for TRADOC standard TRS and LRS, based
on guidance from DA ODCSINT (DAMI-FIT). Once the
threat is developed, the CAC TM presents the threat
section to DA ODCSINT (DAMI-FIT) for coordination,
approval, and submission to DIA (DTI-AS) for
validation. The CAC TM works with TRAC to develop
the Red/Blue Operational Scenario and the Dynamic
Scenario for each TRS and LRS.
b. HRS. The CAC TM develops the HRS threat
guidance package to include the threat operational
concept. This package is provided to a designated
center/school for development of the HRS tactical
concept. The proponent center/school TM provides direct
threat support during the development of a HRS. The
CAC TM assists TRAC in supervising interactive
gaming and dynamic scenario development. The CAC
TM is the designated threat approval authority for
HRS.
c. Excursion scenarios. The CAC TM is the threat
approval authority for excursion scenarios developed by
TRAC or TRADOC centers and schools. The CAC TM
presents significant excursion LRS threat changes to
DA ODCSINT (DAMI-FIT) for approval.
4-5. Models and simulations.
a. General. Threats portrayed in TRAC models and
simulations are derived from DA approved intelligence
products and TRADOC standard scenarios.
b. TRAC models. The CAC TM is the TRADOC
approval authority for threat portrayed in TRAC models
and battlefield simulations. DA ODCSINT (DAMI-FIT)
reviews and approves threat portrayal for selected
studies. When models are updated or significantly
modified (changes to threat, new scenario, etc.), the
CAC TM must again approve the threat portrayal.
c. Center/school specific models. Center/school TMs
approve the threats portrayed in center/school specific
models and battlefield simulations. The CAC TM
reviews and approves threat portrayal for selected
studies. Center/school TMs must work closely with
modelers (including TRAC) to ensure study specific
scenario threat is accurately portrayed in models and
simulations.
d. Validation, verification and accreditation. The CAC
TM participates in model validation, verification, and
accreditation, as required by TRADOC regulations.
4-6. AMC coordination. Center/school TMs must
establish and maintain frequent coordination with their
AMC counterpart FIOs when developing threat
documentation in support of materiel system studies.
Close coordination and cooperation in the development
and updating of STARS is particularly critical, because
the STAR supports both TRADOC and PM development
activities. PMs receive threat support from the
appropriate AMC FIO. In those cases where the Space
and Strategic Defense Command (SSDC), or some other
U.S Army command/agency, is the materiel developer
for a system, the same coordination requirements,
required in this regulation for AMC, apply.
Chapter 5
Threat Support To Training and
Training Development
5-1. General. The threats used in training must be
accurate and consistent throughout TRADOC. The CAC
TM produces the primary threat source documents used
for training, and identifies other specific documents as
approved references for threat training. Other finished
intelligence products may be used, when necessary, to
supplement primary source documents.
5-2. Review and approval.
a. Proponent school training developers, in
coordination with the proponent TM, integrate threats
into training and training development products. The
proponent TM provides intelligence products for
training developers to use in analysis, and for
subsequent development of training and doctrinal
publications.
b. The proponent TM assists training developed
instructors in obtaining threat reference materials, and
reviews their products for accurate threat portrayal.
Include the TM in the document production system
early in the cycle to ensure the threat is accurately
portrayed. The TM monitors all non-integrated threat
classroom instruction twice a year for accuracy and
consistency. The TM spot checks integrated threat
instruction for accuracy and consistency. Records of
classes monitored will be maintained for a period of 2
years.
c. The proponent TM approves the threat content of
ADTLP products for which the commandant has
approval authority. The CAC TM reviews and approves
the threat content of ADTLP products as part of the
CAC review process.
d. TRADOC MSC TMs review and approve the threats
in ADTLP publications that require MSC approval IAW
TRADOC Reg 25-31.
e. The DI, HQ TRADOC provides staff review and
coordination of ADTLP publications requiring CG,
TRADOC approval IAW TRADOC Reg 25-30 and
TRADOC Reg 25-31.
5-3. Common core threat documentation. The CAC
TM provides the approved common core threat
documentation for training within TRADOC.
a. The CAC TM develops, validates, and produces the
unclassified threats for use in TRADOC common
teaching scenarios, and for use by the CTCs.
b. The CAC TM develops, validates, and maintains a
series of common core threat training support packages
for use in TRADOC Officer Military Qualification
Standards I, II, and III common training IAW TRADOC
Reg 351-12.
c. Proponent TMs ensures threat common core
learning objectives are being met in resident officer
instruction.
5-4. Training aids and devices. The proponent
center/school TM reviews the development of all non-
system training devices (such as simulators, graphic
training aids, films, television tapes), to ensure threat
content is accurately portrayed. The requirement for
threat input is addressed in the training device needs
statement (TDNS) and the training operational
requirement document (TORD). Due consideration of
the threat is required before the procurement processor
development process begins. The verification of the
threat in the TDNS and TORD confirms that the threat
was considered.
5-5. Reference materials. Proponent center/school TMs
maintain threat reference files to support training and
training development personnel. Training products are
based on baseline intelligence products or other current
finished intelligence. If TMs use material from other
sources, it must be noted as being from an unapproved
source and bibliographic footnote data provided.
5-6. CTC. The CAC TM, as the TRADOC executive
agent for OPFOR, validates the threat materials used
by the CTC OPFOR and the CTC OPFOR portrayal of
threat doctrine and tactics. The threats portrayed at the
CTCs must meet training requirements, as articulated
by the CTC's controlling MACOM.
a. The CAC TM conducts CTC validations quarterly,
to ensure all OPFOR Functional Areas are reviewed
annually at each CTC. Include representatives from
TRADOC centers and schools on the validation teams,
as appropriate. A written report will be provided to the
CAC Deputy Commanding General for Training (DCGT)
and a copy furnished to the DI, HQ TRADOC.
b. The CAC TM produces and maintains the OPFOR
Annex to the CTC Master Plan. This document serves
as the roadmap for OPFOR portrayal at the CTCs and
lists, in priority, OPFOR materiel deficiencies at the CTCs.
c. The CAC TM provides threat support to the CAC
DCGT, in the development of CTC-unique training
devices and reviews threat data contained in training
devices and graphic training aids submitted to Deputy
Commanding General (DCG), CAC Training for review.
5-7. TMOC. The CAC TM will conduct the TMOC
semiannually to update TMs, their staffs, threat
wargamers, and threat instructors on threat military
doctrine, operations, and tactics. Threat personnel,
instructors and threat wargamers are encouraged to
attend the TMOC during the first year of their
assignment. Attendance by personnel from other staffs
or agencies is allowed on a space-available basis.
Appendix A
References
Section I
Required Publications
DoD Manual 5000.2M
Defense Acquisition Management Documentation and
Reports
DIA Regulation 55-3
Threat Support for Major Defense Acquisition Programs
AR 381-11
Threat Support to U.S. Army Force, Combat, and
Materiel Development
AR 381-19
Intelligence Dissemination and Production Support
TRADOC Regulation 11-16
Development and Management of Operational Concepts
TRADOC Regulation 25-30
Preparation, Production and processing of Armywide
Doctrinal and Training Literature
TRADOC Regulation 25-31
TRADOC Armywide Doctrinal and Training Literature
Program
TRADOC Regulation 351-12
Military Qualification Standards System Products,
Policy, and Procedures
TRADOC Pamphlet 381-3
Threat Support Handbook for Materiel Acquisition
Section II
Related Publications
DoD Instruction 5000.2
Defense Acquisition Management Policies and
Procedures
AR 71-9
Materiel Objectives and Requirements
AR 380-5
Department of the Army Information Security program
TRADOC Regulation 5-3
The TRADOC AR 5-5 Study Program
TRADOC Regulation 5-11
U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command (TRADOC)
Models and Simulations (MSS)
TRADOC Regulation 11-15
Concept Based Requirements System
Appendix B
Doctrinal, Training, and Training Development Threat Preparation and Approval
______________________________________________________________________________
DOCTRINAL AND TRAINING PRODUCT PREPARED BY APPROVED BY
______________________________________________________________________________
1. ADTLP (Field Manual(FM), Training
Circular (TC), Technical Manual (TM),
etc. with threat content) Proponent School Commandant
2. Integrated threat instruction
(lesson plans and supporting
materials) Proponent School Commandant
3. Nonintegrated threat instruction
(lesson plans and supporting
materials) Proponent School Commandant
4. Audiovisual materials with threat
content Proponent School Commandant
5. Training aids/devices with threat
content Proponent School Commandant
6. Common Core Threat Instruction CAC Commander, CAC
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* The CAC TM will approve the threat in publication requiring higher HQ approval IAW
TRADOC Reg 25-30 and TRADOC Reg 25-31.
Glossary
Section I
Abbreviations
ACAT aquisition category
ADTLP Army Doctrine and Training Literature
Program
AMC Army Materiel Command
AMIP Army Models Improvement Program
CAC Combined Arms Command
CASCOM Combined Arms Support Command
CD combat development
CG commanding general
COEA cost and operational effectiveness analysis
CTC combat training centers
DA Department of the Army
DCG deputy commanding general
DCGT Deputy Commanding General for Training
DCSDOC Deputy Chief of Staff for Doctrine
DCSINT Deputy Chief of Staff for Intelligence
DCSOPS Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations and
Plans
DI Director of Intelligence
DIA Defense Intelligence Agency
DTLOMS doctrine, training, leader development,
organizations, materiel, and soldier
EAC echelon above corps
ECBRS Enhanced Concept Based Requirements
System
FIO foreign intelligence officer
FM field manual
FMT foreign materiel for training
HQ headquarters
HQDA Headquarters, Department of the Army
HRS high-resolution scenario
IAW in accordance with
IPR intelligence production requirement
LRS low-resolution scenario
MACOM major Army command
MDR milestone decision review
MNS mission need statement
MS milestone
MSC major subordinate command
NIPR nonrecurring intelligence production
requirement
NLT not later than
ODCSINT Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff for
Intelligence
OPFOR opposing forces
ORD operational requirements document
OSD T&E Office of the Secretary of Defense Test
and Evaluation
OT operational tests
PAM pamphlet
PM program manager
POC point of contact
QRR quick reaction requirement
SII statement of intelligence interest
SIO Senior Intelligence Officer
SME subject matter expert
SSDC Space and Strategic Defense Command
SSG special study group
STA system threat assessment
STAR system threat assessment report
STF special task force
TAWG Threat Accreditation Working Group
TC training circular
TCG Threat Coordinating Group
TDNS training device needs statement
TISO Threat Integration Staff Officer
TIWG Test Integration Working Group
TM threat manager
TMOC Threat Military Orientation Course
TORD training operational requirement document
TRAC TRADOC Analysis Command
TRADOC U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command
TRS theater resolution scenarios
TSM TRADOC System Manager
TTSP threat test support package
Section II
Terms
Combat developer
Command or agency that formulates doctrine,
concepts, organization, materiel requirements, and
objectives. Represents the user community in the
materiel acquisition process.
Coordinate
The process of seeking concurrence from one or more
organizations or agencies, on the adequacy of a specific
draft assessment, estimate or report. It is intended to
increase a product's factual accuracy, clarify its
judgments, and resolve disagreements on threat
issues.
Cost and operational effectiveness analysis
An analysis of the estimated costs and operational
effectiveness of alternative materiel systems to meet a
mission need, and the associated program for acquiring
each alternative.
Critical intelligence parameters
A threat capability or threshold established by the
program, to which changes could critically impact on the
effectiveness and survivability of the proposed system.
Critical intelligence parameters (CIP) threat
status
The status of threat programs, technologies, and
research efforts relative to the CIP. It will include a
projection of threat capabilities and potential for
breaching CIP thresholds.
Initial operational capability
The first attainment of the capability to employ
effectively a weapon, item of equipment, or system of
approved specific characteristics, which is manned or
operated by a trained, equipped, and supported military
unit or force.
In-process review
Review of a project or program at critical points, to
evaluate status, and make recommendations to the
decision authority. Conducted by the materiel developer.
Intelligence
The product resulting from the collection, evaluation,
analysis, integration, and interpretation of all
information concerning one or more aspects of foreign
countries or areas, which is immediately or potentially
significant to the development of plans, policies and
operations. Intelligence information evaluated in the
development process is referred to as threat.
Materiel developer
Command or agency responsible for research,
development, and production of a system in response to
approved requirements.
Mission need statement
A nonsystem-specific statement of operational
capability required to perform an assigned mission, or
to correct a deficiency in existing capability to perform
the mission. It supports a Milestone O decision.
Operational requirements document
A formatted statement containing performance
(operational effectiveness and suitability) and related
operational parameters for the proposed concept or
system. Required for MDRs I-IV.
Production
Conversion of information or intelligence information
into finished intelligence through integration, analysis,
evaluation, and/or interpretation of all available data,
and the preparation of intelligence products in support
of known or anticipated user requirements.
Reactive threat
Changes which might reasonably be expected to occur
in hostile doctrine, strategy, tactics, force levels, and
weapon systems as a result of the development and
deployment of the U.S. system.
Simulator
A generic term used to describe a family of equipment
used to represent threat weapon systems in
development testing, operational testing, and training.
A threat simulator has one or more characteristics
which, when detected by human sense or man-made
sensors, provide the appearance of an actual threat
weapon system with a prescribed degree of fidelity.
System threat assessment
Describes the threat to be countered, and the projected
threat environment. The threat information should
reference DIA, service, or intelligence community
approved documents. Prepared in the format of the
STAR, it supports ACAT III and IV systems.
System threat assessment report
The STAR is a threat assessment tailored to, and
focused on a particular ACAT I or II system. It contains
an integrated assessment, or projected enemy
capabilities (doctrine, tactics, hardware, organization
and forces) to limit, neutralize, or destroy the system.
The STAR will serve as a basic threat document
supporting system development. It is a dynamic
document that will be continually updated and refined
as the program develops. The STAR is required for
MDRs I-IV. It will be approved/validated in support of
the ASARC/DAB review.
Test and evaluation master plan
The overall planning document used to depict the
structure and objectives of the test program. It provides
a framework within which to generate detailed test and
evaluation plans, and to determine schedule and
resource implications associated with the test and
evaluation program.
Threat
a. The ability of an enemy or potential enemy to limit,
neutralize or destroy the effectiveness of a current or
projected mission, organization, or item of equipment.
The statement of that threat is prepared in sufficient
detail to support Army planning and development of
concepts, doctrine, training and materiel.
b. A statement of a capability prepared in necessary
detail, in the context of its relationship to a specific
program or project, to provide support for Army
planning and development or operations concepts,
doctrine and materiel.
Threat Accreditation Working Group
A group formed to approve the specific test application
of threat simulators, targets, and target arrays.
Threat assessment
An evaluation of an enemy's or potential enemy's
current or projected capability to limit, neutralize, or
destroy the effectiveness of a mission, organization, or
item of equipment. It involves the application of threat
analysis to a specific mission, organization, or item of
equipment within the context of a military operation.
Threat assessments consider the product of threat
analysis vis-a-vis a U.S. force, and include the perceived
military judgments of the evaluated threat force.
Threat Coordinating Group
A group formed to manage threat support to the
combat and materiel development process throughout
the entire life cycle of the system.
Threat test support package
A document, or group of documents, that provide a
comprehensive description of the threat to a U.S.
system that is being tested and the targets that the
system will engage.
FOR THE COMMANDER:
OFFICIAL: JOHN P. HERRLING
Major General, GS
Chief of Staff
DAVID G. FITZ-ENZ
Colonel, GS
Deputy Chief of Staff for Information Management
DISTRIBUTION:
H1; H2; S1; CD
Commander,
USACAC
USACASCOM
Copies furnished:
HQDA (DAMI-FIT, DAMI-FIP, DAMO-FDT)
J3
Commander,
USAOPTEC
USAMRDC
USAFSTC
USAITAC
USAMDCS
Director,
AFMIC
USACAA
USAMSIC