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DATE=7/22/98 TYPE=BACKGROUND REPORT NUMBER=5-40970 TITLE= LOCKERBIE / BRITAIN BYLINE= ANDRE DE NESNERA DATELINE= LONDON CONTENT= VOICED AT: INTRO: THE SPOKESMAN FOR THE BRITISH FAMILIES WHO LOST RELATIVES IN THE 1988 BOMBING OF A PAN AM 7-47 JETLINER OVER LOCKERBIE SCOTLAND SAYS HE IS DELIGHTED THE UNITED STATES AND BRITAIN ARE LOOKING AT WAYS TO BRING TO TRIAL TWO LIBYAN SUSPECTS IN A SCOTTISH COURT, SET UP OUTSIDE SCOTLAND. V-O-A'S ANDRE DE NESNERA SPOKE WITH DR. JIM SWIRE -- AND FILED THIS REPORT FROM LONDON. TEXT: FOR YEARS, THE BRITISH AND AMERICAN GOVERNMENTS' POLICIES ON THE 1988 LOCKERBIE BOMBING REMAINED UNCHANGED -- THAT THE TWO LIBYANS SUSPECTED OF PLANTING THE BOMB ON THE PAN AM JUMBO-JET MUST BE TRIED EITHER IN THE UNITED STATES OR IN SCOTLAND. TWO-HUNDRED-70 PEOPLE WERE KILLED WHEN THE JET EXPLODED IN MID-AIR. IT WAS THE WORST TERRORIST INCIDENT IN BRITISH HISTORY. LIBYA HAS CONSISTENTLY REFUSED TO SURRENDER THE TWO SUSPECTS FOR TRIAL IN EITHER THE UNITED STATES OR SCOTLAND, SAYING THEY WOULD NOT GET A FAIR TRIAL. NOW, IN A MAJOR POLICY SHIFT, BOTH GOVERNMENTS ARE EXPLORING WAYS OF HOLDING THE TRIAL IN A NEUTRAL COUNTRY -- BUT UNDER SCOTTISH LAW. DR. JIM SWIRE -- WHOSE DAUGHTER FLORA WAS KILLED IN THE LOCKERBIE BOMBING -- IS THE SPOKESMAN FOR THE BRITISH FAMILIES WHO HAVE LOST RELATIVES IN THE TERRORIST ACT. HE IS DELIGHTED WITH THE CHANGE IN POLICY AND HE SAYS THE IDEA OF A TRIAL IN A NEUTRAL COUNTRY -- UNDER SCOTTISH RULES OF PROCEDURE -- WAS FIRST ADVOCATED FOUR YEARS AGO BY SCOTTISH LAW PROFESSOR ROBERT BLACK. // SWIRE ACT // ALL WE ARE INTERESTED IN IS TRUTH AND JUSTICE. WE BELIEVE THAT IF THE LIBYANS ARE OFFERED A COURT ALONG THE LINES PROPOSED BY PROFESSOR ROBERT BLACK OF EDINBURGH, THAT THEY WOULD COME. IF THEY ARE OFFERED ANYTHING ELSE, THEN I DO NOT KNOW IF THEY WOULD COME OR NOT. BUT IT LOOKS AS THOUGH THEY ARE GOING TO BE OFFERED WHAT PROFESSOR BLACK PROPOSED, WHICH IS A TRIAL FULLY UNDER SCOTTISH CRIMINAL LAW IN A NEUTRAL COUNTRY -- SUCH AS THE HAGUE (HOLLAND) -- WITH THE VITAL DISTINCTION THAT INSTEAD OF A JURY, IT HAS AN INTERNATIONAL PANEL OF JUDGES HEADED BY A SCOTTISH JUDGE APPOINTED BY THE BRITISH PRIME MINISTER. AND THAT IS WHAT THE LIBYANS AGREED TO IN APRIL WHEN PROFESSOR BLACK AND I WERE IN TRIPOLI (LIBYA) -- AND BOTH COLONEL GADDAFI AND COLONEL GADDAFI'S GOVERNMENT AND COLONEL GADDAFI'S LAWYERS ALL AGREED THAT THE TWO (SUSPECTS) WOULD BE SENT TO SUCH A TRIAL. //OPT// SO IF THIS IS WHAT BRITAIN AND AMERICA ARE GOING TO OFFER, THEN GIVEN GOODWILL ON ALL SIDES, I THINK THE TRIAL WILL TAKE PLACE -- AND THAT IS TREMENDOUS. //END OPT// // END ACT // THE BRITISH PHYSICIAN BELIEVES THERE ARE SEVERAL REASONS FOR THE CHANGE IN ATTITUDES BY WASHINGTON AND LONDON. FIRST, HE SAYS, THERE ARE FEWER AND FEWER COUNTRIES IN THE UNITED NATIONS WHICH FULLY BACK THE CURRENT SANCTIONS AGAINST LIBYA. SECOND, HE SAYS THE WORLD COURT IN THE HAGUE -- THE UNITED NATION'S SENIOR LEGAL INSTITUTION -- WILL RULE NEXT YEAR ON LIBYA'S CLAIM THAT THE U-N RESOLUTIONS SETTING UP THE SANCTIONS ARE ILLEGAL. // SECOND SWIRE ACT // AND ALL OF THESE THINGS ARE ALSO COUPLED TO THE ACTIVITIES OF THE "ORGANIZATION OF AFRICAN UNITY" -- THE O-A-U -- WHO, I THINK, EGGED ON (PUSHED) BY THE "ARAB LEAGUE", WHO I HAVE ALSO BEEN TALKING TO, ISSUED AN ULTIMATUM TO BRITAIN AND AMERICA EARLIER THIS YEAR. THEY SAID UNLESS YOU TAKE STEPS TO SET UP A NEUTRAL COUNTRY COURT, COME SEPTEMBER 1998 WE WILL STOP OBSERVING THE SANCTIONS -- AND THAT IS DOWN IN BLACK AND WHITE (IN WRITING). //OPT// SINCE LIBYA IS SURROUNDED ON THREE SIDES BY O-A-U MEMBER NATIONS, IT WOULD BE CLEARLY IMPOSSIBLE TO ENFORCE SANCTIONS, WERE THAT TO HAPPEN. I THINK ALL OF THESE THINGS HAVE MILITATED IN FAVOR. ANOTHER FACTOR, PROBABLY, IS THAT THERE HAVE JUST BEEN ELECTIONS IN HOLLAND AND THE BRITS AND THE AMERICANS WOULD NEED A CURRENT DUTCH GOVERNMENT TO TALK TO ABOUT WHETHER THEY MAY USE THE HAGUE AS A VENUE FOR THIS TRIAL. //END OPT// // END ACT // DR. SWIRE SAYS THERE ARE CONFLICTING VIEWS HERE IN BRITAIN AS TO HOW LONG IT WILL TAKE TO SET UP THIS TRIAL IN A NEUTRAL COUNTRY. BRITISH GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS SAY IT MAY TAKE SEVERAL YEARS -- BUT DR. SWIRE QUOTES SCOTTISH LAW PROFESSOR ROBERT BLACK AS SAYING IF POLITICIANS WANT IT, THE COURT CAN BE SET UP IN TWO DAYS. //REST OPT// JIM SWIRE -- SPOKESMAN FOR THE BRITISH FAMILIES WHO LOST RELATIVES IN THE LOCKERBIE BOMBING -- HOPES THERE WILL BE ENOUGH GOODWILL NOW IN BRITAIN, THE UNITED STATES AND LIBYA TO BRING THE LOCKERBIE TRAGEDY TO A LEGAL CONCLUSION. (SIGNED) NEB/ADEN/PCF/JO 22-Jul-98 11:51 AM EDT (1551 UTC) NNNN Source: Voice of America .