Protection of the Constitution report 1996
1996 have changed themselves structure, appearance and Mitgliederpotential of the organized left-wing extremism facing the preceding year hardly. Mitgliederzuwächse and/or -verluste of individual groups have equalized themselves reciprocally.
After the deduction of Mehrfachmitgliedschaften listened to end 1996 about 35.200 persons linksextremistischen organizations. The PDS, which -über individual openly linksextremistische structures out - also altogether as party actual reference points for efforts against the liberal democratic constitution i. S. it §§ 3, 4 BVerfSchG offers, has, according to own statements, 110.000 members.
All left-wing extremists pursue - independently by their different ideologically - political concepts - ultimately the goal, to eliminate the existing state - and social order of the Federal Republic of Germany. The drive forms for the enforcement of their political goals vary: You/They extend by propaganda, public activities, attempts concealed exertion of influence and participation in choices up to law injuries including heaviest atrocities.
Anarchistic oriented groups want to smash the state and social order or dissolve gradually, to create a so-called herrschaftsfreie company -die anarchy -. Some of these groups pursue sozialrevolutionäre concepts under recourse to Marxist as well as anarchistic theories. End 1996 were to be numbered this spectrum over 7.000 persons, under it over 6.000 gewaltbereite left-wing extremists, who mark themselves personally mostly as autonomouss.
Marxist - leninistische groups, trotzkistische and the most other revolutionary - Marxist union want to erect and set in lieu of the liberal democratic constitution a soziali-stisch/kommunistische company for the accomplishment of this goal on class fight and revolution. These organizations had 1996 altogether about 28.900 members. In parts they receive support of linksextremistisch influenced organizations; this listened to to the end of the year about 14.000 members.
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Left-wing extremism potential |
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1994 |
1995 |
1996 |
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Groups |
Members |
Groups |
Members |
Groups |
Members |
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Power ready left-wing extremists including Terroristen1) |
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Marxist - Leninisten and other revolutionary Marxisten3 |
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Core - and Beside -
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influenced
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Hum |
156 |
34.100 |
15.800 |
154 |
35.500 |
15.600 |
161 |
35.900 |
14.000 |
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After the deduction of Mehrfachmitgliedschaften |
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- " party of the democratic socialism " -
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1) If groups recorded are only, which fixed structure display and were active over a longer period.
2) The Mobilisierungspotential it - " scene " - includes in addition several thousand persons.
3) Including - " Communists platform the PDS " - (KPF). Moreover the members come further linksextremistischer groups in the PDS.
4) Them - " party of the democratic socialism " - (PDS) is expelled separately, since can not be proceeded on the assumption, that all members pursue linksextremistische goals or support. Members the KPF, the non-simultaneous members the PDS must be, are considered in the figures over Marxist - Leninisten.
2. Publishing houses, publications and new communication media
Also 1996 steered publishing houses and sale services spread about 40 by left-wing extremists linksextremistische newspapers, magazines and books. The total number it by linksextremistischen and linksextremistisch influenced organizations published periodical publications totaled over 250 (1995: approx. 300). The total year edition climbed over 4Millionen copies.
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Mailboxs and
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The use of new electronic communication media, like mailboxs and Internet, has gained in importance for left-wing extremists further. The emphases of the use have shifted however in the comparison to the preceding years. |
In that since 1991 by relatives the autonomen/antiimperialistischen scene set up and pursued mailbox system system - " spinning net " - has decreased since end 1995 the information offer continually. The mailboxs in Bonn, Berlin and Frankfurt/M. display nevertheless with about 100 Personen/Gruppen a next to constant amount of users. Thereby spinning net captures - " " - furthermore to the structure of the conspiratorial system system.
Increasingly linksextremistische serve themselves groups of the possibilities of commercially pursued mailboxs. A growing number from groups and persons from the range of the left-wing extremism is achievable particularly over Internet.
Beside that - " World Wide Web " - (Www) - service use them/it/her the Internet services - " file transfer Protocol " - (FTP), - " Usenet " - (- " newsgroups " -) and the personal - " e - mail" - range for their purposes.
In that - " World Wide Web " - discontinue them/it/her information to own Homepages1 ) and set frequently so-called On the left (automated cross-references) to other linksextremistischen Homepages - also in the foreign countries.
Over per a Provider2) in the Netherlands and the USA is offered the underground magazine - " radically " - - e.g. the outputs No. 153 and Nr.154 among others with exact - " instructions to the sabotage of the rail traffic " - -.
The militante - " autonomouss Antifa (M) " - from goddess gene is since March in that - " World Wide Web " - the Internet achievable. In a statement to the press of the group it is called u. a.: That - " intensifying political climate in Germany " - limit the possibilities it - " autonomouss Antifa (M) " -, to participate over the established media or öffentlichkeitswirksame drives in the political disk original. With it the place value climb the largely zensurfreien Internet. This medium prove - " as ideally for the coordination of international protest " -.
Almost all larger linksextremistischen organizations like them - " Germans Communist party " - (DKP), but also many regional autonomous groups, use increases the new communication media. Also them - " party of the democratic socialism " - (PDS) is represented in the meantime in the Internet. So members of the party executive committee dispose, which - " work community boy GenossInnen in and at the PDS " - and some country associations of per an own Homepage.
The usage of Verschlüsselungsprogrammen -besonders - " Pretty Good Privacy " - (PGP) - has gained in importance for left-wing extremists both for the use of mailboxs as well as the Internet. In the autonomous scene leaf - " INTERIM " - was explained, it be meaningful, to encode everything; through constant encryption and that snowball the telecommunication would become measures like - " telephone - and mail monitoring " - increasingly unwirksam3 ).
Openly spread became news, which were for the entire linksextremistische scene of interest: Report and calls in the connection with it - " Anti - Castor - campaign " -, information contributions to the procedure against the presumable editors and propagator the linksextremistischen underground magazine - " radically " -, reports to the procedure against presumable members it - " autonomouss Antifa (M) " - from goddess gene as well as information about it - " kurdischen struggle for independence " - and corresponding Demonstrationsaufrufe.
In the electronic media records are offered since past year also increasingly with scene publications as well as - " documentation " - by explanations from the linksextremistisch - terrorist range.
3. Law injuries with proven or to supposing linksextremistischem background
Also 1996 committed left-wing extremists heaviest criminal offense, to enforce their political goals: Explosive - and burning impacts as well as property damages with damages running into the millions. The number of the drives with law injuries, at them left-wing extremists as perpetrator or deed partners known have become or after it
Deed stood around in consideration come, has gone back 1996 negligibly on 932 (1995: 965). To 654 climbed is the number of the therein contained atrocities (1995: 572).
Significant is the further increase of the atrocities in the border of the campaign against radioactive waste transports on 291 (1995: 158). The campaign has become for many militante left-wing extremists meanwhile to a standing out drive field.
The number the militanten drives against right-wing extremists or supposed right-wing extremists has remained constant with 83 about.
The following survey returns the actual extent linksextremistischer power only imperfectly; a comparison with the law injuries in the range the Rechtsextremismus is because of the often unequal shaping the power - linksextremistische street militancy, rechtsextremistische attacks widely on individuals - only conditionally possible. Also no likewise far-reaching Strafvorschriften exist for the range of the left-wing extremism as against propaganda offenses with rechtsextremistischem cover.
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Survey over atrocities and other law injuries with
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19952 ) |
1996 |
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Homicide offenses |
0 |
0 |
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Tried homicide offenses |
0 |
2 |
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Firearm Strike |
1 |
0 |
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Bombs attack |
8 |
11 |
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Brandanschläge3) |
86 |
93 |
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Breaches of the peace |
764) |
835) |
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Injuries |
35 |
30 |
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Resistance acts |
23 |
23 |
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Robberies |
5 |
2 |
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Dangerous actions in the path -, air - or traffic |
114 |
154 |
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Property damages with considerable use of force |
224 |
256 |
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Atrocities altogether |
572 |
654 |
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Threats of violence |
137 |
111 |
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Other law injuries |
256 |
167 |
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Entire |
965 |
932 |
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1) For statistical reasons each atrocity and/or other law injury was counted only once, even if she/it consisted of several single deeds or was committed by several perpetrators jointly. If several criminal offense stocks were realized through an act, so is counted exclusively the more with difficulty weighing violation: To the example the riots were damaged in the border the - " revolutionary 1. May " - in Berlin, at them militante left-wing extremists police officers hurt, motor vehicles, obstacles on lanes erected and set in burning, only as
an atrocity - a case of breach of the peace - gewertet.
The survey contains executed and tried drives. Threats of violence are listed separately. z are minor criminal offense, this. B. the numerous Schmieraktionen with slight property damages, are not contained in the survey, since about this are not to be determined always reliable statements.
The number survey is based on the data material, which transmits the Federal office for protection of the Constitution and was rated by him/it. A multitude fewer weighty criminal offense, particularly property damages, resistance acts, constraints and simple injuries are recorded predominantly only in the police Kriminalstatistik state protection. The figures affect the status of that 21. February 1997.
2) In so far as the comparable figures deviate for 1995 from earlier statistics, the current statements rest on a more current knowledge status.
3) Includes arsons and all property damages under usage of burning means.
4) Under it 47 cases with injuries.
5) Under it 40 cases with injuries.
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Militante drives of left-wing extremists against
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19951 ) |
1996 |
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Homicide offenses |
0 |
0 |
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Tried homicide offenses |
0 |
2 |
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Bombs attack |
0 |
0 |
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Brandanschläge2) |
14 |
10 |
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Breaches of the peace |
103) |
184) |
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Injuries |
23 |
18 |
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Robberies |
3 |
0 |
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Property damages with considerable use of force |
31 |
35 |
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Entire |
81 |
83 |
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1) In so far as the comparable figures deviate for 1995 from earlier statistics, the current statements rest on a more current knowledge status.
2)Umfasst arsons and all property damages under usage of burning means.
3) Under it 9 cases with injuries.
4) Under it 10 cases with injuries.
Development of the law injuries with proven or to supposing linksextremistischem background
1987 to 1996
Atrocities with proven or to supposing
linksextremistischem background
Goal directions
Atrocities with proven or to supposing
linksextremistischem background
in the countries
Atrocities with proven or to supposing
linksextremistischem background
per 100.000 inhabitants in the countries
Atrocities with proven or to supposing
linksextremistischem background
Monthly comparison
1)
Planned building the Mercedes-Teststrecke at Papenburg, Emsland (1995)2)
Castor - Transports (1995/1996)3)
Planned Castor - transport (November 1996, on 1997 put off)
Militante drives of left-wing extremists against
Right-wing extremists or supposed right-wing extremists
Monthly comparison
Protection of the Constitution report 1996