Protection of the Constitution report 1996
The protection of the Constitution report serves the enlightenment of the public over anticonstitutional efforts in the Federal Republic of Germany. He/it rests on knowledge, which has won the Federal office for protection of the Constitution (BfV) in the border of his legal order along with the state authorities for protection of the Constitution.
If the BfV gave up - as well as the state authorities for protection of the Constitution - is after § 3 paragraph 1 of the law over the cooperation of the league and the countries in affairs of the protection of the Constitution and over the Federal office for protection of the Constitution (BVerfSchG) the collection and interpretation of information about
Legal requirement for the collection and interpretation of information is determined among others the existing of actual reference points for - " politically, ziel - and zweckgerichtete behaviors in one or for a person union " -, which is directed at it, to eliminate the liberal democratic constitution or to set besides worth and/or to endanger the existence or the security of the league or a country (§ 4 paragraph 1 BVerfSchG).
At the listed person unions (parties, organizations and groups) the requirements exist for a Tätigwerden of the protection of the Constitution - at least in form of actual reference points for Bestrebungen/Tätigkeiten after §3 Abs.1 BVerfSchG -. The knowledge situation to the presented groups can be indeed in the regard on extent and density of the occurred information respectively completely different, what again influence can have on the manner of the observation through the BfV. The appraisal of a grouping as extremist does not mean in each case, that all their members pursue extremist efforts.
Ultimately it is to be pointed to it, that the protection of the Constitution report 1996 represents no final enumeration all in the sense the §3 Abs.1 BVerfSchG verfassungsschutzrelevanten person unions.
As contact persons in all questions of the protection of the Constitution that stands
Federal office for protection of the Constitution
Merianstrasse 100
50765 Cologne
Telephone: 0221/7920
FAX: 0221/798365
any time for the disposal.
II. Linksextremistische efforts
The political activities linksextremistischer organizations and other groups are directed at it, to eliminate the existing state - and social order. Left-wing extremists want to set at their position a sozialistisch/kommunistische company or one allegedly herrschaftsfreie company, the anarchy,. Thereby left-wing extremists orient themselves to revolutionary - Marxist or anarchistic ideologies; the strategisch/taktischen concepts close at the most also militante drive forms -bei some groups to there to the armed fight - a.
The linksextremistische potential included 1996 about 35.200 persons.
The internal security of the Federal Republic of Germany was threatened through left-wing extremists - particularly violent - further. This shows u. a. the again climbed number from atrocities with proven or to supposing linksextremistischem background, under it numerous burning - and bombs attack. Particularly striking was the strong increase of the dangerous actions in the railroad traffic in the border of the campaign against nuclear energy and radioactive waste transports.
Them - " Red army fraction " - (RAF) has reported after more than zweieinhalb years in the fall with three explanations again to word. She/it represents furthermore a selbstbestimmte, working and also -willige linksextremistisch - terrorist organization, which does not want to return however to old concepts.
The discussions continued the gewaltbereiten left-wing extremists the - " Antiimperialistischen of resistance " - over new contents and forms of the fight; attempts for a Neustrukturierung of their warehouse are to be recognized.
The anarchistic oriented autonomouss embody unchanged the mass the gewaltbereiten and violent linksextremistischen of potential. On their account 80% of the injuries as well as the burning impacts and other property damages with linksextremistischem went again background. Militante left-wing extremists took particularly by them as racist slandered developments and structures to the occasion for power drives. An emphasis of their activities lay also in the protests against radioactive waste transports. Thereby fight is understood it - " against the Atommafia " - as - " fight against the capitalistic system " - for one - " herrschaftsfreie company " -.
In the range revolutionary - Marxist parties and other groups remained appearance and structures further stamped from the earlier division of Germany.
In the eastern countries and parts of town Berlins dominated them - " party of the democratic socialism " - (PDS) with a large Unterstützerpotential. The setup of the party in the western
Countries advanced against it hardly; at the same time remained the PDS field of gravity for traditional linksextremistische organizations. Internal discussions over questions of the strategy and tactic have not changed the fundamental political alignment the PDS: Programmatic statements and political practice offered also 1996 actual reference points for it, that the PDS wants to overcome the liberal democratic constitution of the Federal Republic of Germany.
Some the revolutionary - Marxist organizations set again on their old concepts (class fight and violent upset), to win new followers for their political fight.
Followers almost all groups in the range of the left-wing extremism demonstrated without touch fears and over ideologically - political differences away -von the autonomen/antiimperialistischen scene to to the PDS - renews their standby, to work together on individual drive fields to certained occasions.
III. Rechtsextremistische efforts
Rechtsextremistische efforts emerge on the ideological basis an excessive nationalism and the racism. You/They are stamped by the reason idea, the ethnic membership in a nation or race determine the value of the individual person in state and company decisively. This membership be all other wertbezogenen points of view, also the human rights, subordinate. This view refuses it, to examine all persons as fundamentally immediately. Right-wing extremists propagate in addition a political system, in the state and people as allegedly natural order in an unit fuse (ideology it - " people community " -).
Also 1996 the atrocities have gone back with proven or to supposing rechtsextremistischem background further.
The rechtsextremistische potential lay indeed with 45.300 persons only little under that from 1995 (46.100). Because of the upward trend the rechtsextremistischen Skinhead - scene climbed the number the gewaltbereiten right-wing extremists to 6.400 (1995: 6.200) at. Also the number the Neonazis has itself on 2.420 (1995: 1.980) increases.
Rechtsterroristische organizations does not give it in Germany. Rechtsextremistische power exit predominantly by persons, who were not organized in political groups or parties. Indeed right-wing extremists inserted at the perpetration of criminal offenses also weapons. Defense sport groups accomplished -teilweise under usage of sharp weapons - paramilitary exercises. Particularly distinctive was the slope to the power in the rechtsextremistischen Skinhead - scene, which could record since the last year an amplified crowd.
Neonazis pursued before everything the setup new organization - and drive forms. You/They formed loosely - " autonomous fellowships " - without fixed union structures. With this Umstrukturierungsprozess a development proceeded it - " informationellen network " -. Through modern communication media the fellowships should joined mutually and strategy discussions allows for as well as the scene mobilizes and are steered drives.
The party - " The republicans " - (REP) was successful in baths - Württemberg the Wiedereinzug in a Landesparlament. The internal power structures consolidated themselves in favor of the party leader Dr.Rolf SCHLIERER, which propagates a course of the withdrawal of extremist positions and refuses a rechtsextremistische policy of alliances. Them - " German people union " - (DVU) could stabilize their membership. The new chairman it - " Nationaldemokratischen party of Germany " - (NPD) Udo VOIGT has changed the politics of his predecessor Günter DECKERT in decisive aspects and forced the cooperation with Neonazis. Them - " German Liga for people and home " - (DLVH) has given up their party status. She/it follows up their goal, the union the entire rechtsextremistischen of warehouse, but. After the choice success the REP in baths - Württemberg have sunk the chances of success of union initiatives in the rechtsextremistischen warehouses indeed considerably.
In the center rechtsextremistischer propaganda stood wirtschafts - and sociopolitical themes. But also revisionistische contributions kept their special meaning in the rechtsextremistischen propaganda spectrum. Revisionistische propaganda patterns were found particularly in magazines and book programs rechtsextremistischer publishing houses. The agents an intellectual Rechtsextremismus, which aim at an ideological Delegitimation of the democracy in Germany, could not reach the opinion leadership striven for by them in the rechtsextremistischen warehouses up to now. Of course some intellectually demanding publications appeared, which strove for a strategy - and theory education. It was missing this however at width effect.
IV. Security endangering and extremist efforts of foreigners
The internal security of the Federal Republic of Germany is threatened as always through extremist and terrorist foreigner groups in considerable mass, although for the first time for many years a decline of the atrocities is to be ascertained. While the number of violent drives of followers was greatly declining it - " Arbeiterpartei Kurdistans " - (PKK), the militancy of Turkish left-wing extremists took
in reaction on events in the Turkey considerably to. For the first time for many years the most atrocities of followers were committed Turkish linksextremistischer groups.
The members - and follower potential of extremist foreigner groups in the territory of the federal republic gained negligibly on 57.300 persons.
Followers the PKK held back since the spring recognizably with power drives. This development inserted middle August 1995, was interrupted however through riots in the spring 1996.
Since May ÖCALAN in interviews propagates a non-aggression. He/it concedes, which have committed PKK in Germany errors, and announces, that the PKK will commit in Germany henceforth no atrocities more. ÖCALAN criticizes of course the military and political support of the Turkey through Germany and the Pkk - prohibition, explains however, not to think about - " act of vengeance ions " - against the Federal Republic of Germany. His party will keep henceforth at the democratic rules.
Turkish left-wing extremists took since middle 1995 domestic events in the Turkey to the occasion for power drives in the territory of the federal republic. Starting point were respectively prisoner revolts in the year 1995 and beginning 1996 as well as the hunger strike of arrested political friends in the Turkey in the June and July. Parallel to protests in the Turkey followers committed Turkish linksextremistischer organizations burning impacts and other power drives against businesses, restaurants, assembly rooms and similar arrangements of Turks in Germany. In the border of these waves of protest it came also to drive unions of otherwise competing organizations, like which - " Devrimci Sol " - (revolutionaries left), which - " Turkishs Communists party (Marxist - Leninisten) " - (TKP(ML)) and it - " Marxist - Leninistischen Communists party " - (MLKP). Because of the persistent high power standby must be calculated also henceforth with heavy criminal offenses of members of these organizations.
German security interests threatened Algerian Islamisten only in slight mass. In the territory of the federal republic living functionaries the Algerian - " Islamischen welfare front " - (FIS) called of course repeatedly for the support of the fight in the homeland on, disassociated themselves however from terrorist drives against the Algerian civilian population. The FIS structured up to now in Germany not is trying, to organize itself. The manager living in Germany it - " Executive - instanz the FIS in the foreign countries " -, Rabah KEBIR, was forbidden 1994, to operate itself politically.
Violent demonstrations and renewed terrorist attacks in Israel make clearly, that the Friedensprozess in the near is endangered east furthermore through terrorist groups. Particularly islamistische groups like the libanesische - " Hizb Allah " - (party of God) and the Palestinian - " Islamische resistance movement " - (HAMAS) tried, to disturb the Friedensprozess gotten after the choices in Israel in the stick through power further. The followers of these groups in Germany testified repeatedly their consent to this development.
For the first time since 1990 Provisional has accomplished them - " Irish Republican Army " - (PIRA) in Germany again a terrorist attack. At the evening the 28.Juni shot a command unit the PIRA a barracks of the British Rhein army in Osnabruck with mortar shells. Thereby considerable property damage emerged.
V. Espionage
and other nachrichtendienstliche activities
Germany was also 1996 for numerous foreign news services an important Ausspähungsziel. This shows e.g. the arrest of a naturalized Palestinian in the June 1996, which has worked for the Syrian news service. This case makes at the same time also clearly, that by no means only states of the former east block pursue enlightenment against the Federal Republic, but increasingly also news services from states of the near, mediators and long-distances of east as well as from the nordafrikanischen space.
The enlightenment interests of the so-called depressed countries (Iran, Iraq Syria, Libya etc.) limit themselves thereby by no means only to the sector it - " classic espionage " -, the information acquisition from the ranges economy, politics, military, research and technology. You/They include rather also the Ausspähung and infiltration in the Federal Republic of living political opponents of the own state as well as the sectors Proliferation and state terrorism.
The reasons, which make Germany for the news services of foreign states so interestingly, are particularly his central situation in Central Europe, his political weight increased after reaching of the German unity, the high standard in research and technology as well as his strong economic power.
The foreign services pursue information acquisition on open way through Gesprächsabschöpfung, use of generally accessible sources like libraries, data banks etc., but also with concealed means and methods. To it they insert also agents, who camouflaged either directly from the main offices of the services in the homeland or by in official or semiofficial representations of these states in the Federal Republic inserted Nd - officers are led.
Counterespionage and the -primär preventative reported - personnel Geheimschutz are therefore fields, which themselves the protection of the Constitution to the protection of German security interests -trotz all Annäherungsprozesse between states of the former block systems in east and west - with careful attention must dedicate.
I. Structure data according to § 16 paragraph 2 federal constitution protection law
1. Federal office for protection of the Constitution
The subsidy from the federal budget at the BfV totaled 1996 224.305.979,67 DM (1995: 223.702.135,88 DM). The Federal office for protection of the Constitution had 1996 2.215 (1995: 2.219) Servants.
2. Military counterintelligence
The subsidy from the federal budget totaled 1996 133.646.000, - DM (1995: 134.171.000, - DM). The military counterintelligence had 1996 1.308 (1995: 1.301) Servants.
II. Further structure data
Beginning 1997 were from league and countries jointly in the news official information system (NADIS) 920.473 (beginning 1996: 947.501) Persons stored, of it 441.022 persons (48%) on the basis of security examinations (beginning 1996: 49,44%).
Protection of the Constitution report 1996