Protection of the Constitution.
No end after the turn - the espionage goes on.
An important field of our protection of the Constitution are counterespionage and Geheimschutz. Espionage endangers the interests and the security of our country and adds him/it damage. But some ask: Is this problem not settled after the end of the east - west - confrontation also?
Actual is espionage also after the end of the cold of war an important, a current theme for the internal and outer security of our country. Notwithstanding all political changes the counterespionage has sufficiently evidence, that Germany is as always preferred Ausspähungsziel of foreign news services.
Of course some states of the earlier east block have explained plausibly, on espionage against the Federal Republic of Germany henceforth dispense to want. Other countries see indessen no contradiction between their wish after more politically and to explore more economically cooperation with the Federal Republic of Germany and their simultaneous effort, these with illegal means and methods. Political approach gives no guarantee for a renunciation on nachrichtendienstliche information acquisition.
To it some facts:
Intense espionage activities exit from the Russian services. You/They be situated in a continual process the Reformierung and restructuring. In rapid succession they amend their names or learn recasts at the top management. In the civil news service SWR (civil foreign countries enlightenment service) have survived essential elements of the first head office the KGB of the earlier USSR. The military news service GRU did not exchange once the „sign " -. New is the „Föderale agency for government telecommunications and information at the president of the Russian federation " - (FAPSI). She/it should monitor before everything foreign electronic communication. In the practice that means: active electronic espionage - worldwide. The 75000 staff members inclusive inland service, which was renamed 1995 in „Föderaler Secret service " - (FSB), joins his order to the counterespionage also with offensive industrial espionage in the foreign countries.
Also at other countries „community of independent states " - (GUS) like Kasachstan, White Russia and the Ukraine are to be ascertained nachrichtendienstliche activities against the Federal Republic of Germany. From it not the GUS belonging to East European countries are pursued it before everything Rumania and Bulgaria, which as always at us Auslands"aufklärung " -.
Uptrend have the espionage activities of state news services of the near and the mediator of east (Iran, Iraq, Libya, Syria), but also Asiatic states (peoplés republic China, north Korea).
Popular and frequent operation bases of this and other states are camouflaged bases in diplomatic representations in the host country and at commercial arrangements, called legals Residenturen.
From „disarmament " - can be therefore at espionage unfortunately no speech.
Industrial espionage: Unlauterer competition between the states.
Through espionage states try, their political, economic and to improve their military position. Therefore they try at us illegally to procure, which legally too dearly to say nothing of would be not to have: Certain information about inside - and foreign policy, from economy, science, technology and military. An of the most important espionage motives lies today in different economic power. Industrial espionage should - so to speak „to the nonentity schedule " - - competition disadvantages with unlauteren methods equalize. Expensive Developing - and manufacturing procedures should be taken over „inexpensively " -. Russia has sanctioned the illegal acquisition of information from the economic range even legally. The boundaries between more conspiratorially, that is to say concealed or more secretly, and open information acquisition have become flowing. In the nachrichtendienstlichen order are skimmed unsuspicious contact persons with valuable entrances or requested open data banks. There the Russian news services also firms for their purposes insert - to the example through participation in so-called Joint-ventures (joint venture) - vanish also the boundaries between state-controlled illegal economy enlightenment and the so-called competition espionage pursued between enterprises.
Industrial espionage as well as the complex science and technology are enlightenment ranges, which overstock themselves. From special interest are before everything the ranges Rüstungstechnik, material technology, Computertechnologi, Biotechnik, medicine, aviation - and Verkehrstechnik as well as the energy - and environment technology. The exploration efforts aim at all stages of development desirable industry - and assets: from the Research and development to to the production and marketing. Through such prohibited activities the German national economy emerge annually damages in billion amount. If companies affected are of it not only, but in considerable mass also middle-class enterprises, which do not dispose often of the necessary security precautions, to protect itself effectively against espionage. However not only the endangered enterprises must feel demanded themselves of it - espionage harms us all. Workstations are affected of it directly and not finally the so-called investment climate at the expense of the inland industry.
The illegal export of war weapons is a particularly makabres chapters the Economic - and industry espionage as well as it for their manufacture required components, including such goods, which can be used both for civil like for military purposes (dual use); thresholds - and depressed countries are for this preferred customer. One speaks here of illegal technology - transfer or of the export of sensitive goods. Before everything states of the near and the mediator however also the long-distance of east are at Nuklearmaterial, at Antriebstechniken for rockets, at materials and manufacturing process for biological and chemical (B - and C -) weapons interested. You/They strive intensely for concealed acquisition, also under participation of their state news services.
Espionage endangers therefore much: Economic structures and national economic interests, peaceful international relations as well as the efforts, to dam conflicts and to prevent.
Some began completely harmlessly. At the end it was treason.
Do not say, espionage concerned you personally nothing. Already many one, which has become through espionage unhappy, could not imagine at the beginning, that him/it „that " - could happen. Often he/it is not once officials subject to security clearance.
To the example the telescope agent: There there is the poor, but hopeful student, whose interest is woken in a discussion over sociopolitical or ideological themes. Then the contact is deepened, and sometime is left „the cat from the bag " -. If he/it can be obligated for a couple of mark, because he/it is times again straight hard-pressed for money and because he/it mean, anyhow nothing betray to be able to do, ticks for him/it a time bomb. For sometime the bill is presented him/it: If he/it has his examination in the pocket, one will demand him/it, to apply a certain position in an authority or at an enterprise. If he/it tries the link to abort, he/it is held if necessary with extortion at the bar.
If foreign news services have a, then is it patience and time. You/They use often very much trouble on it, to select their sacrifices and to make their weak points traceable. Before they approach to the example an the act administrator in a ministry, they know completely exactly, whether he/it is greedy, debts has, alcoholics is or has a friend, who he/it wants to conceal absolutely before his wife. Such „Kompromatsituationen " - are often the lever to the treason.
But pressure is applied only then, if it goes not at all differently. Much popular are the ideologically motivated conscientious offender or also the „volunteer " - with materialistic motive. Or the lonely secretary, who is seduced with feigned feels to a love relation: Dear makes some blindly. The deceived finds also for the most remarkable question an explanation. And if she/it observes it, she/it sees mostly no way out more.
Some will say now: Their cold warriors. Opas espionage is dead, now is everything completely different! That is contrasted: Espionage has it always given since biblical times, and there is them/it/her notwithstanding all political and technical developments today still. Also the reason patterns have remained.
Indeed: Not each betrayal of state secrets must execute itself dramatically. For levity and carelessness are the low-priced helpers of foreign news services and other illegal interested people. Loquacity, careless relation with communications technologies or the neglect of duties to provide adequate care at the relation with confidential documents - of necessity not only classified information - have led already often to the loss of valuable information.
To the theme carelessness the aspect belongs also, that today some news services acquisition methods favorisieren, which one notices the nachrichtendienstliche intent only with difficulty. One calls the „Gesprächsabschöpfung " -. Herewith the often unsuspicious relation with sensiblen meets them in our open company information.
Espionage 2000: Person or technology?
No doubt: We live in a time, in the technology the life masters. So the communications technology in the last years has learned a rapid further development - requires through digitization and microelectronics -. The world is surrounded today from a narrow satellite net. New communication forms in the range of the telecommunication - Spoke -, data -, text - and image communication forms - emerged. Of course news services of these techniques serve themselves also: The satellite enlightenment offers to just sensational possibilities. With the help of particular technologies telephone conversations can overheard, Fernschreib - or fax links aimed and after one certained Suchwortprogramm so to speak automatically ausgefiltert, unauthorized, mitgelesen and are recorded.
Fax, Handys, mailbox - systems, radio reputation services like „Eurosignal " -, „city center reputation " - and lately inconspicuous in watches installed „Scall" - receivers are inserted not only legally. These systems allow also the spy one relatively problem - and risikolose communication with his leadership position - and conversely.
However despite the technical development: The person as knowledge - and idea porter remains for the news service inalienable. No computer can replace the agent, who reports from a decision center confidential. And the advantages, which wins a country, whose news service recruits the expert of a High - Tech - enterprise, are possibly invaluable. The brain the illoyalen experts is the best storage medium and „Verbringungsmittel " -: The treason leaves behind no tracks. The expert can explain additionally complicated facts and connections. If the expert is not to be won, are the foreign news service the secretary of the boss or the act administrator also right. Them do not have of course the expert knowledge, but they have the writings of the boss in the computer or the access to the documents in the registry. Only risk: If documents unterlagen or must copied and transported will. The transmissions of copies, Zwischenmaterial, copies or copies of illegally constituted information results openly or conceals, with modern technology or with it for many years „proved " - means:
So are the smuggling of copies in the Dekolleté with following submission at the contact person, as the mail delivery so-called Mikrate (reductions of photo on plug-in needle head size) under stamps, the communication of information by means of „code " -, which can be made visible only through chemical or thermal treatment, or the material submission in so-called deads mailboxs by no means from the fashion.
Information protection is called: Harm prevent.
We all please us, that the relations have become between the people in east and west better. Politicians chat amicably at the edge of conferences or receipts, scientists exchange experiences. Business people take care of intense cooperation. Joint-venture has become long since to the trendy word. However unfortunately the security consciousness has sunk thereby also. If we neglect the necessary information protection, we export our workstations in countries, which produce more cheaply. For political adversaries, who have become to friends or partners, pursue as always own interests and remain competitor.
More for per must be appealed therefore to the responsibility of all persons affected: in the politics, in the economy, of course however before everything in security ranges. An inclusive protection concept and his enforcement must be task of all partners: the legislator, the management, the enterprises, the authorities for protection of the Constitution, the police and the courts.
In the border of the prevention the Geheimschutz comes up to an essential meaning. His task is it, to create the requirements for it, that trespassers receive no knowledge of it in the public interest geheimhaltungsbedürftigen information (classified information). The material Geheimschutz refers to technical and organizational safety precautions to the protection of classified information. In his central instruction, which Verschlusssachenanweisung (VSA), are controlled among other things the requirements for the Einstufung of information in the official Verschlusssachengrade „VS - Only for the official use " -, „Vs - Confidentially " -, „SECRETLY " - and „TOP-SECRET " -.
The personnel Geheimschutz deals essentially with the security examination of persons, who a sicherheitsempfindliche activity should exercise. The requirements and the procedure for the implementation of a security examination are found in the security examination law (SÜG). Over the ones, which should receive entrance to classified information, is to be submitted a Sicherheitsprognose. Herewith it counts, security risks like to the example unreliability, to exclude missing loyalty to the constitution or Erpressbarkeit to recognize respectively.
Occasionally the most thorough security examination does not prevent also, that the „child falls in the fountain " -. It is matter of the counterespionage, to hold through Enttarnung the perpetrator the damage as slight as possible.
Also you can become sacrifices. But we help.
Nobody at us is delivered the activities of foreign news services and their often menschenverachtenden methods unprotected. Beside the military counterintelligence (Mad - office), responsible for the defense range, are before everything the authorities for protection of the Constitution legally (vgl. Protection of the Constitution laws of the league and the countries) with it authorizes, to clear up nachrichtendienstliche attacks against the Federal Republic of Germany and to avert. The German Intelligence service (BND), responsible for the foreign countries enlightenment, is responsible in addition for the defense of the espionage itself directed against him/it.
The legal order, which is controlled in the federal constitution protection law ( BVerfSchG from 20.12.1990), obligates league and countries to the cooperation and to the exchange of their knowledge and information. The Federal office for protection of the Constitution (BfV) in Cologne is allocated thereby a special responsibility, namely the central interpretation in the counterespionage,.
If actual reference points exist for an espionage offense, are forwarded these knowledge as a rule to the Chief Federal prosecutor (GBA); this decides on the introduction of a criminal proceeding. A duty for the instruction the GBA does not exist indeed (so-called Opportunitätsprinzip).
Legal sanctions alone can not prevent however, that individual persons can be obligated again and again from foreign news services or other illegal clients. So the Federal office for protection of the Constitution spreads for many years comprehensive information, which clears up over the dangers of the espionage and offers all interested persons personal advice.
Let us do not forget: Each and each can be or become „goal person " -, especially when somebody is found in a position interesting for a news service. Hierarchical positions play in it a subordinate role.
If you have in a such connection a problem, do not hesitate, to address us. It is too late for it never. You/They avoid with it worse damage for themselves and for other. We help you: to the point and human. Of course confidentially!
Here our telephone - /Faxnummern for personal advice and help:
Federal office for protection of the Constitution, Cologne
Telephone: 0221-792-0
Fax: 0221/798365
State authorities for protection of the Constitution:
Berlin:
Bremen:
Dresden:
Dusseldorf:
Erfurt:
Hamburg:
Hanover:
Kiel:
Magdeburg:
Mainz:
Munich:
Potsdam:
Saarbrücken:
Gravity:
Stuttgart:
Wiesbaden:
030/8674216
0421/5377-0
0351/85850
0211/871-2821
0361/5668760
040/244443
0511/6709-0
0431/988-3500
0391/5673900
06131/16-3773
089/31201-0
0331/8662500
0681/3038-0
0385/7420-0
0711/9544-00
0611/7200
