Military Definitions

M. ¹Code applied to designations for armament systems and equipment, used by the U.S. Army, ²million, ³monthly

M, P, and T domain assessments Reports prepared by PERSCOM, Force Integration Division, MPT Domain Branch. They assess the manpower, personnel and training risk of the system. They identify all favorable attributes, critical issues, major issues, and concerns. They address the impact the system will have on MPT resources by examining a myriad of domain characteristics.

M&S (models and simulations). [TR 350-70] Live, virtual, and constructive models, including simulators, stimulators, and emulators. (AR 5-11)

M&S (models and simulations) activity. The development and maintenance of a computer-based M&S capability by or for organizations of the Army.

M&S (modeling and simulation) application sponsor. [TR 5-11] The organization that utilizes the results or products from a specific application of a model or simulation.

M&S (models and simulations) combat developer. [TR 350-70] Command, agency, organization, or individual that commands, directs, manages, or accomplishes the work of combat development. Combat development is the process of analyzing, determining, documenting, and obtaining approval of warfighting concepts, future operational concepts, MNSs, operational requirements documents, organizational requirements, and materiel requirements. Process must be IAW TRADOC Pam 71-9 and in consonance with the TRADOC Warfighting Lens Analysis (WFLA) process governing all DTLOMS domains.

M&S (modeling and simulation) developer. [TR 5-11] The organization responsible for managing, or overseeing modeling and simulation developed by a DoD component, contractor, or Federally funded research and development center (FFRDC). The developer may be the same agency as the modeling and simulation proponent agency.

M&S (modeling and simulation) infrastructure. [TR 5-11] The underlying base or foundation of assets available to support the development and maintenance of modeling and simulation, the basic facilities, equipment, installations, and services needed for the development and maintenance of a system, includes personnel performing development or maintenance, communications, networks, architectures, standards, protocols, and information resources repositories. The modeling and simulation Infrastructure component does not include the assets established and operated by organizations using modeling and simulation in support of their mission.

M&S (models and simulations) materiel developer. [TR 350-70] The research, development, and acquisition (RDA) command, agency, or office assigned responsibility for the system under development or being acquired. Materiel developers are responsible for the conception, development, and execution of solutions to materiel requirements identified and initiated through the combat development process.

M&S (modeling and simulation) proponent. ^¹[TR 5-11] The organization responsible for initiating the development and directing control of the reference version of a model or simulation. The proponent will develop and execute a viable strategy for development and maintenance throughout the life cycle of the modeling and simulation and for directing the investment of available modeling and simulation resources. The modeling and simulation proponent serves as the advocate and final authority on their modeling and simulation. The modeling and simulation proponent will advise the DUSA(OR) on release of the modeling and simulation to foreign countries and will advise the MACOM or Organizational Release Authority for domestic release of modeling and simulation. Except where responsibilities are specifically designated to an acquisition official by DoD or DA policy e.g. DoD 5000.2 or AR 70-1, the modeling and simulation proponent is responsible for, but may delegate execution of: modeling and simulation development, configuration management, preparation and maintenance of simulation object models, as appropriate, all aspects of verification and validation (V&V), and maintenance of current information in all categories and repositories. The modeling and simulation proponent may be the same as the V&V proponent. ^²[TR 350-70] The organization which has responsibility for the combat and training development of the prototype version of a model or simulation. The proponent will develop and execute a viable strategy for development, maintenance, and direction of the investment of available resources throughout the life cycle of the M&S. The M&S proponent serves as the advocate and final authority on its M&S. The proponent will advise the Deputy Under Secretary of the Army for Operations and Research (DUSA[OR]) on releasability of the M&S to foreign countries and will advise the major command (MACOM) or organizational release authority for domestic release. Except where responsibilities are specifically designated to an acquisition official by DoD or Department of the Army (DA) policy, e.g., DoD Directive 5000.2 or AR 70-1, the M&S proponent is responsible for but may delegate execution of ---

l M&S development.

l Configuration management.

l Preparation and maintenance of simulation object models (SOMs), as appropriate.

l All aspects of verification and validation.

l Maintenance of current information in all catalogs and repositories.

M&S (modeling and simulation) requirement. [TR 5-11] Modifications or development of a new tool or capability or significant enhancement to an existing tool or capability used in computer based simulation of military operations, or processes which contribute to military operations. Examples of military operations or processes that modeling and simulation are required include, but are not limited to, designing, analyzing, testing/evaluating, assessing, producing, sustaining military systems/processes, and providing training, exercise support, military operations support, planning tools, and mission rehearsal tools to support soldiers and units.

M&S (models and simulations) training developer. [TR 350-70] Command or agency that formulates, develops, and documents training concepts, strategies, requirements (materiel and otherwise), and programs for assigned mission areas and functions. Serves as user (trainer and trainee) representative during acquisition of their approved training materiel requirements (mission needs statement [MNS] and operational requirements document [ORD]) and TD program. Training developers are responsible for the conception, documentation, and execution of solutions to training requirements as identified during the combat development process.

M-day. [DSMC] The day on which mobilization is to begin. See times.

M-day force materiel requirement. [JP 1-02] (DoD) The quantity of an item required to be on hand and on order (on M-day minus one day) to equip and provide a materiel pipeline for the approved peacetime U.S. force structure, both active and reserve.

Mace. [JP 1-02] (DoD) An improved version of the MGM-1C Matador missile, differing primarily in its improved guidance system, longer-range, low-level attack capability, and higher-yield warhead. The MGM-13A is guided by a self-contained radar guidance system. The MGM-13B is guided by an inertial guidance system. Designated as MGM-13.

Mach. Speed of sound, used as speed unit 340.5 m/sec, or 1225.5 km/h at sea level under standard conditions, and decreases with altitude. Above the tropopause (about 11000m) Mach 1 is 295.5 m/sec or 1063.2 km/h.

mach front. See mach stem

mach hold mode. [JP 1-02] (DoD) In a flight control system, a control mode in which a desired flight (flying) speed of an aircraft expressed as a mach number is maintained automatically.

mach no/yes. [JP 1-02] (DoD) In air intercept, a code meaning, "I have reached maximum speed and am not/am closing my target."

mach number. [JP 1-02] (DoD) The ratio of the velocity of a body to that of sound in the surrounding medium.

mach number indicator. See machmeter.

mach stem. [JP 1-02] (DoD, NATO) The shock front formed by the fusion of the incident and reflected shock fronts from an explosion. The term is generally used with reference to a blast wave, propagated in the air, reflected at the surface of the Earth. In the ideal case, the mach stem is perpendicular to the reflecting surface and slightly convex (forward). Also called mach front.

mach trim compensator. [JP 1-02] (DoD) In a flight control system, an automatic control subsystem which provides pitch trim of an aircraft as a function of mach number.

mach wave. See mach stem.

machine controlled time. [DSMC] That part of a work cycle that is entirely controlled by a machine and, therefore is not influenced by the skill or effort of the worker.

machine element. [DSMC] A work cycle subdivision that is distinct, describable, and measurable. The time is entirely controlled by a machine, and therefore, not influenced by the skill or effort of the worker.

machmeter. [JP 1-02] (DoD, NATO) An instrument which displays the mach number of the aircraft derived from inputs of pilot and static pressures.

magnetic bearing. See bearing.

magnetic circuit. See magnetic mine.

magnetic compass. [JP 1-02] (DoD, NATO) An instrument containing a freely suspended magnetic element which displays the direction of the horizontal component of the Earth's magnetic field at the point of observation.

magnetic declination. [JP 1-02] (DoD, NATO) The angle between the magnetic and geographical meridians at any place, expressed in degrees east or west to indicate the direction of magnetic north from true north. In nautical and aeronautical navigation, the term magnetic variation is used instead of magnetic declination and the angle is termed variation of the compass or magnetic variation. Magnetic declination is not otherwise synonymous with magnetic variation which refers to regular or irregular change with time of the magnetic declination, dip, or intensity. See also magnetic variation.

magnetic equator. [JP 1-02] (DoD, NATO) A line drawn on a map or chart connecting all points at which the magnetic inclination (dip) is zero for a specified epoch. Also called aclinic line.

magnetic mine. [JP 1-02] (DoD, NATO) A mine which responds to the magnetic field of a target.

magnetic mine hunting. [JP 1-02] (DoD) The process of using magnetic detectors to determine the presence of mines or minelike objects.

magnetic north. [JP 1-02] (DoD, NATO) The direction indicated by the north seeking pole of a freely suspended magnetic needle, influenced only by the Earth's magnetic field.

magnetic storage. Any medium upon which information is encoded as variations in magnetic polarity.

magnetic tape. [JP 1-02] (DoD) A thin, strong, non-elastic tape coated with a ferromagnetic emulsion, which can record, store and play back information of various kinds.

magnetic variation. [JP 1-02] (DoD, NATO)

l In navigation, at a given place and time, the horizontal angle between the true north and magnetic north measured east or west according to whether magnetic north lies east or west of true north. See also magnetic declination.

l In cartography, the annual change in direction of the horizontal component of the Earth's magnetic field.

magneto-optics. An information storage medium that is magnetically sensitive only at high temperatures, while stable at normal temperatures. A laser is used to heat a small spot on the medium, changing the polarity at that spot thereby storing data.

mail embargo. [JP 1-02] (DoD) A temporary shutdown or redirection of mail flow to or from a specific location.

main airfield. [JP 1-02] (DoD, NATO) An airfield planned for permanent occupation in peacetime, at a location suitable for wartime utilization, and with operational facilities of a standard adequate to develop full use of its war combat potential. See also alternative airfield; departure airfield; redeployment airfield.

main armament. [JP 1-02] (DoD) The request of the observer or spotter to obtain fire from the largest guns installed on the fire support ship.

main attack. [JP 1-02] (DoD, NATO) The principal attack or effort into which the commander throws the full weight of the offensive power at his disposal. An attack directed against the chief objective of the campaign or battle.

main battle area. [JP 1-02] (DoD) That portion of the battlefield in which the decisive battle is fought to defeat the enemy. For any particular command, the main battle area extends rearward from the forward edge of the battle area to the rear boundary of the command's subordinate units.

main battle tank. See tank, main battle.

main convoy. [JP 1-02] (DoD, NATO) The convoy as a whole which sails from the convoy assembly port/anchorage to its destination. It may be supplemented by joiners or joiner convoys, and leavers or leaver convoys may break off.

main deck. [JP 1-02] (DoD) The highest deck running the full length of a vessel (except for an aircraft carrier's hanger deck). See also watercraft.

main detonating line. [JP 1-02] (DoD, NATO) In demolition, a line of detonating cord used to transmit the detonation wave to two or more branches.

main line of resistance. [JP 1-02] (DoD) A line at the forward edge of the battle position, designated for the purpose of coordinating the fire of all units and supporting weapons, including air and naval gunfire. It defines the forward limits of a series of mutually supporting defensive areas, but it does not include the areas occupied or used by covering or screening forces.

main operations base (MOB). [JP 1-02] (DoD) In special operations, a base established by a joint force special operations component commander or a subordinate special operations component commander in friendly territory to provide sustained command and control, administration, and logistical support to special operations activities in designated areas. See also advanced operations base; forward operations base.

main points. The logical breakdown of subject matter in support of an instructional objective.

main road. [JP 1-02] (DoD) A road capable of serving as the principal ground line of communication to an area or locality. Usually it is wide enough and suitable for two-way, all-weather traffic at high speeds.

main supply route. [JP 1-02] (DoD, NATO) The route or routes designated within an area of operations upon which the bulk of traffic flows in support of military operations.

main trunk. The principal course or line of direction of a program or interactive courseware.

maintain. [JP 1-02] (DoD) When used in the context of deliberate planning, the directed command will keep the referenced operation plan, operation plan in concept format, or concept summary, and any associated Joint Operation Planning and Execution System (JOPES) automated data processing files active in accordance with applicable tasking documents describing the type and level of update or maintenance to be performed. General guidance is contained in JOPES, Volumes I and II. See also archive; retain.

maintainability. [DSMC] The ability of an item to be retained in, or restored to, a specified condition when maintenance is performed by personnel having specified skill levels, using prescribed procedures and resources, at each prescribed level of maintenance and repair. See mean time to repair (MTTR).

maintenance. ^¹The physical act of preventing, determining, and correcting equipment or software faults. It includes all actions taken to retain system/equipment/ product in a useful serviceable condition or to restore it to usefulness/serviceability. Maintenance includes inspection, fault isolation, testing, and servicing. ^²[DSMC] Preventive maintenance to deter something from going wrong; or corrective maintenance for restoration to proper condition.

maintenance (materiel). [JP 1-02] (DoD)

l All action taken to retain materiel in a serviceable condition or to restore it to serviceability. It includes inspection, testing, servicing, classification as to serviceability, repair, rebuilding, and reclamation.

l All supply and repair action taken to keep a force in condition to carry out its mission.

l The routine recurring work required to keep a facility (plant, building, structure, ground facility, utility system, or other real property) in such condition that it may be continuously used, at its original or designed capacity and efficiency for its intended purpose.

maintenance area. [JP 1-02] (DoD) A general locality in which are grouped a number of maintenance activities for the purpose of retaining or restoring materiel to a serviceable condition.

maintenance concept. [DSMC] A brief description of maintenance considerations, constraints, and plans for operational support of the system/equipment under development. A preliminary maintenance concept is developed and submitted as part of the preliminary system operational concept for each alternative solution candidate by the operating command with the assistance of the implementing and supporting commands. A major driver in designing the system/equipment and the support planned.

maintenance engineering. [JP 1-02] (DoD) The application of techniques, engineering skills, and effort, organized to ensure that the design and development of weapon systems and equipment provide adequately for their effective and economical maintenance.

maintenance plan. [DSMC] A more detailed description of maintenance decisions on each repairable item candidate within the system work breakdown structure. There are typically a family of maintenance plans covering each major subsystem, e.g., radar subsystem, hydraulic subsystem, etc. The maintenance plan is based on the level of repair analysis and is the basis for each of the traditional elements of logistic support.

maintenance planning. [DSMC] The process conducted to evolve and establish maintenance/support concepts and requirements for the life cycle of a materiel system. One of the traditional elements of logistic support.

maintenance status. [JP 1-02] (DoD)

l A nonoperating condition, deliberately imposed, with adequate personnel to maintain and preserve installations, materiel, and facilities in such a condition that they may be readily restored to operable condition in a minimum time by the assignment of additional personnel and without extensive repair or overhaul.

l That condition of materiel which is in fact, or is administratively classified as, unserviceable, pending completion of required servicing or repairs.

maintenance trainer. A trainer on which individuals learn the methods and procedures necessary to maintain a specific system, subsystem, or equipment.

maintenance training simulator. [TR 350-70] A device, usually computer-controlled, that simulates operational equipment and allows students to practice maintenance tasks or procedures.

major assembly. [DSMC] An operation in the construction of a section which joins a number of subassemblies.

Major Automated Information System (MAIS) Acquisition Program. [DoD 5200.2-R] An AIS acquisition program that is designated by ASD(C³I) as a MAIS, or estimated to require program costs in any single year in excess of 30 million in fiscal year (FY) 1996 constant dollars, total program costs in excess of 120 million in FY 1996 constant dollars, or total life-cycle costs in excess of 360 million in FY 1996 constant dollars. MAISs do not include highly sensitive classified programs (as determined by the Secretary of Defense). For the purpose of determining whether an AIS is a MAIS, the following shall be aggregated and considered a single AIS:

l The separate AISs that constitute a multi-element program;

l The separate AISs that make up an evolutionary or incrementally developed program; or

l The separate AISs that make up a multi-component AIS program.

Major Automated Information Systems Review Council (MAISRC). [DSMC] The MAISRC is the DoD's senior level forum for advising the Assistant Secretary of Defense (Command, Control, Communications, and Intelligence) (ASD(C³I)) on critical decisions concerning acquisition category IAM programs.

l The MAISRC is chaired by the ASD(C³I). Principal members of the MAISRC include representatives from the offices of the Under Secretary of Defense (Comptroller); the Joint Chiefs of Staff; the Director, Operational Test and Evaluation; the Director, Test, Systems Engineer, and Evaluation; the Director, Acquisition Program Integration; the Deputy ASD(C³I); the user representatives; and the cognizant Senior Information Management Official(s) or Component acquisition executives(s), as appropriate. The Deputy ASD(C³I Acquisition) is the MAISRC Executive Secretary and either leads or designates the leader of the overarching integrated product team.

l The MAISRC Chairman is also routinely supported by senior advisors (or their representatives), such as, but not limited to, the Under Secretary of Defense (Personnel and Readiness); the Assistant Secretary of Defense (Economic Security); the Assistant Secretary of Defense (Health Affairs); the Assistant Secretary of Defense (Reserve Affairs); the Deputy Under Secretary of Defense (Logistics); the Director, Defense Procurement; the Director, Defense Information Systems Agency; and the Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense (Information Management). Other senior Defense officials may be invited by the ASD(C³I) to participate in MAISRC meetings as needed.

major combat element. [JP 1-02] (DoD) Those organizations and units described in the Joint Strategic Capabilities Plan that directly produce combat capability. The size of the element varies by service, force capability, and the total number of such elements available. Examples are Army divisions and separate brigades, Air Force squadrons, Navy task forces, and marine expeditionary forces. See also major force.

major defense acquisition program (MDAP). [DoD 5200.2-R] An acquisition program that is not a highly sensitive classified program (as determined by the Secretary of Defense) and that is: designated by the Under Secretary of Defense (Acquisition and Technology) (USD(A&T)) as an MDAP, or estimated by the USD(A&T) to require an eventual total expenditure for research, development, test and evaluation of more than 355 million in fiscal year (FY) 1996 constant dollars or, for procurement, of more than 2.135 billion in FY 1996 constant dollars.

major disaster. See domestic emergencies.

major fleet. [JP 1-02] (DoD) A principal, permanent subdivision of the operating forces of the Navy with certain supporting shore activities. Presently there are two such fleets: the Pacific Fleet and the Atlantic Fleet. See also fleet.

major force. [JP 1-02] (DoD) A military organization comprised of major combat elements and associated combat support, combat service support, and sustainment increments. The major force is capable of sustained military operations in response to plan employment requirements. See also major combat element.

major force program (MFP). [DSMC] An MFP is an aggregation of program elements which reflects a macro-level force mission or a support mission of DoD and contains the resources necessary to achieve an objective or plan. It reflects fiscal time-phasing of mission objectives to be accomplished and the means proposed for their accomplishment. As an example, the future years defense program is comprised of 11 (6 combat and 5 support oriented) major force programs:

Program 1 — Strategic Forces;

Program 2 — General Purpose Forces;

Program 3 — Intelligence and Communications;

Program 4 — Airlift and Sealift Forces;

Program 5 — Guard and Reserve Forces;

Program 6 — Research and Development;

Program 7 — Central Supply and Maintenance;

Program 8 — Training, Medical, and Other General Personnel Activities

Program 9 — Administration and Associated Activities;

Program 10 — Support of Other Nations; and

Program 11 — Special Operations Forces.

major installation.[JP 1-02] (DoD) In the Air Force, a self-supporting center of operations for actions of importance to Air Force combat, combat support, or training. It is operated by an active, reserve, or Guard unit of group size or larger with all land, facilities and organic support needed to accomplish the unit mission. It must have real property accountability through ownership, lease, permit, or other written agreement for all real estate and facilities. Agreements with foreign governments which give the Air Forcejurisdiction over real property meet this requirement. Shared use agreements (as opposed to joint use agreements where the Air Force owns the runway) do not meet the criteria to be major installations. This category includes Air Force bases; air bases; air reserve bases; and Air Guard bases.See also installation complex; minor installation; other activity; support site.

major issue. An issue identified within one or more of the MANPRINT domains, which is expected to result in one or more of the following problems: extensive system damage; injury to friendly personnel; a major reduction in mission performance or effectiveness; or a major negative impact on the ability of the MPT community to support fielding with trained and available personnel. A major issue may become critical over time, and should be resolved as soon as possible in the next acquisition phase.

major milestone. [DoD 5200.2-R] A major milestone is the decision point that separates the phases of an acquisition program. MDAP milestones include, for example, the decisions to authorize entry into the engineering and manufacturing development phase or full rate production. MAIS milestones may include, for example, the decision to begin program definition and risk reduction.

major milestones. Major milestones are points in time at which a recommendation is made and approval sought from higher authority regarding initiation/continuation of a program. The normal milestones are the program initiation decision and the go/no-go decision (Milestone I/II), and the production decision (Milestone III).

major nuclear power. [JP 1-02] (DoD, NATO) Any nation that possesses a nuclear striking force capable of posing a serious threat to every other nation.

major operation. The coordinated actions of large forces in a single phase of a campaign. A major operation could contain a number of battles or could be a single, critical battle.

major port. [JP 1-02] (DoD, NATO) Any port with two or more berths and facilities and equipment capable of discharging 100,000 tons of cargo per month from ocean-going ships. Such ports will be designated as probable nuclear targets. See also port.

major program. [DSMC] A term synonymous with major defense acquisition program.

major system. ^¹[DoD] Acquisition Category I and II programs designed by the Under Secretary of Defense (Acquisition) or the Army Acquisition Executive. The Operational Test and Evaluation Command conducts user tests and evaluation. A combination of elements that shall function together to produce the capabilities required to fulfill a mission need, including hardware, equipment, software, or any combination thereof, but excluding construction or other improvements to real property, system shall be considered a major system if it is estimated by the USD(A&T) to require an eventual total expenditure for RDTE of more than $140 million in FY 1996 constant dollars, or for procurement of more than $645 million in FY 1996 constant dollars. All systems not designated as Categories I and II are nonmajor (IPR). ^²[OMB Circular A-109] That combination of elements that will function together to produce the capabilities required to fulfill a mission need. The elements may include, for example, hardware, equipment, software, construction, or other improvements or real property. Major system acquisition programs are those programs that are directed at and critical to fulfilling an agency mission, entail the allocation of relatively large resources, and warrant special management attention. Additional criteria and relative dollar thresholds for the determination of agency programs to be considered major systems under the purview of this Circular, may be established at the discretion of the agency head. ³[DoD 5200.2-R] A combination of elements that shall function together to produce the capabilities required to fulfill a mission need, including hardware, equipment, software, or any combination thereof, but excluding construction or other improvements to real property. A system shall be considered a major system if it is estimated by the DoD component head to require an eventual total expenditure for RDT&E of more than 135 million in FY 1996 constant dollars, or for procurement of more than 640 million in FY 1996 constant dollars, or if designated as major by the DoD component head ((5)). ⁴[TR 350-70] Acquisition Category I and II programs designated by the Under Secretary of Defense (Acquisition) or the Army Acquisition Executive. The Operational Test and Evaluation Command conducts user tests and evaluation. All systems not designated as Categories I and II are nonmajor (IPR).

major system acquisition. This is a system acquisition program designed by the Secretary of Defense to be of such importance and high priority as to require special management attention.

major weapon system. [JP 1-02] (DoD) One of a limited number of systems or subsystems which, for reasons of military urgency, criticality, or resource requirements, is determined by the Department of Defense as being vital to the national interest.

make safe. [JP 1-02] (DoD) One or more actions necessary to prevent or interrupt complete function of the system (traditionally synonymous with dearm, disarm, and disable). Among the necessary actions are:

l Install (safety devices such as pins or locks).

l Disconnect (hoses, linkages, batteries).

l Bleed (accumulators, reservoirs).

l Remove (explosive devices such as initiators, fuses, detonators).

l Intervene (as in welding, lockwiring).

l Install (safety devices such as pins or locks);

l Disconnect (hoses, linkages, batteries);

l Bleed (accumulators, reservoirs);

l Remove (explosive devices such as initiators, fuses, detonators);

l Intervene (as in welding, lockwiring).

make-or-buy program. [DSMC] That part of a contractor's written plan for the development or production of an end item which outlines the subsystems, major components, assemblies, subassemblies, and parts the contractor intends to manufacture, test-treat, or assemble (make); and those the contractor intends to purchase from others (buy).

man hour/month/year. [DSMC] The effort equal to that of one person during one hour/month/year.

man portable. [JP 1-02] (DoD, NATO) Capable of being carried by one man. Specifically, the term may be used to qualify:

l Items designed to be carried as an integral part of individual, crew-served, or team equipment of the dismounted soldier in conjunction with his assigned duties. Upper weight limit: approximately 14 kilograms (31 pounds.)

l In land warfare, equipment which can be carried by one man over long distance without serious degradation of the performance of his normal duties.

man space. [JP 1-02] (DoD) The space and weight factor used to determine the combat capacity of vehicles, craft, and transport aircraft, based on the requirements of one person with individual equipment. The person is assumed to weigh between 222-250 pounds and to occupy 13.5 cubic feet of space. See also boat space.

man transportable. [JP 1-02] (DoD) Items which are usually transported on wheeled, tracked, or air vehicles, but have integral provisions to allow periodic handling by one or more individuals for limited distances (100-500 meters). Upper weight limit: approximately 65 pounds per individual.

man-machine interface. [DSMC] Degree of compatibility between the user (individual) and the equipment being used. See soldier-machine interface (SMI).

management. [JP 1-02] (DoD) A process of establishing and attaining objectives to carry out responsibilities. Management consists of those continuing actions of planning, organizing, directing, coordinating, controlling, and evaluating the use of men, money, materials, and facilities to accomplish missions and tasks. Management is inherent in command, but it does not include as extensive authority and responsibility as command.

management and control system (mobility). [JP 1-02] (DoD) Those elements of organizations and/or activities which are part of, or are closely related to, the mobility system, and which authorize requirements to be moved, to obtain and allocate lift resources, or to direct the operation of linklift vehicles.

management control objectives. [DSMC] The goals, conditions, or levels of control a manager establishes to provide reasonable assurance that resources are safeguarded against waste, fraud, and mismanagement. For Major Defense Acquisition Programs, basic control objectives involve the ability to adhere to a weapon system's cost, schedule, and performance baseline parameters.

management control techniques. [DSMC] Any form of organization, procedure, or document flow that are relied on to accomplish control objectives. For Major Defense Acquisition Programs, the milestone review information and periodic program status reports specified in DoD 5000.2-R provide adequate control techniques to achieve control objectives.

Management Information System (MIS). [DSMC] An orderly and disciplined accounting and reporting methodology, usually mechanized, which provides for the accurate recordation of data, and the timely extrapolation and transmission of management information used in the decision-making processes.

management materials. Materials that define training requirements and provide an overall plan for the accomplishment of these requirements.

management plan. Program for the assignment, monitoring, and assessment of the personnel, materials, and resources dedicated to a specific mission, operation, or function.

management reserve. [DSMC] An amount of the total allocated budget withheld for management control purposes, rather than designated for the accomplishment of a specific task or set of tasks. It is not a part of the Performance Measurement Baseline. Synonymous with reserve.

MANCAP II. A U.S. Army Research Institute weapons system performance requirements analysis tool.

mandatory release date. [TR 350-70] This is the date at which individual National Guard or Army Reserve soldiers must be released from training to return to their home station.

maneuver. [JP 1-02] (DoD, NATO)

l A movement to place ships or aircraft in a position of advantage over the enemy.

l A tactical exercise carried out at sea, in the air, on the ground, or on a map in imitation of war.

l The operation of a ship, aircraft, or vehicle, to cause it to perform desired movements.

l Employment of forces on the battlefield through movement in combination with fire, or fire potential, to achieve a position of advantage in respect to the enemy in order to accomplish the mission.

maneuverable reentry vehicle. [JP 1-02] (DoD) A reentry vehicle capable of performing preplanned flight maneuvers during the reentry phase. See also multiple independently targetable reentry vehicle; multiple reentry vehicle; reentry vehicle.

maneuvering area. [JP 1-02] (DoD) That part of an airfield used for takeoffs, landings, and associated maneuvers.

manifest. [JP 1-02] (DoD) A document specifying in detail the passengers or items carried for a specific destination.

manipulative electromagnetic deception. See electromagnetic deception.

manning. The specific inventory of people at an activity in terms of numbers, grades, and occupational groups.

manpower. ^¹Manpower is the personnel strength expressed in terms of the number of men and women (military and civilian) available to, or required by, the Army. Consideration of the net effect of Army systems and items on overall Army human resources requirements and authorizations (spaces to ensure that each system is affordable from the standpoint of manpower). It includes analysis of the number of people needed to operate, maintain, and support each new system being considered or acquired, including maintenance and supply personnel and personnel to support and conduct training. It requires a determination of the Army manpower changes generated by the system, comparing the new manpower needs with those of the old system(s) being replaced, and an assessment of the impact of the changes on the total manpower limits of the Army. If, given manpower priorities established by the Department of the Army, systems cannot be supported by projected manpower resources, then changes in system design, organization, or doctrine are made to achieve affordability. In the materiel acquisition process, manpower analyses and actions are necessarily conducted in conjunction with force structure and budget processes. ^²The requirements or billets needed in an organization, to accomplish a task or service. See manpower requirements; manpower resources.

manpower (MANPRINT domain). The number of men and women, military and civilian, required and potentially available to train, operate, maintain, repair, supply, transport and provide base support for a system. [NOTE: See AR 602-2, paragraph 1-4 b]

manpower and personnel. [DSMC] The process of identifying and acquiring military and civilian personnel with the skills and grades required to operate and support a materiel system over its lifetime at peacetime and wartime rates. One of the traditional elements of logistic support.

manpower and personnel integration (MANPRINT). ^¹[DCSPER] The comprehensive technical effort to identify and integrate all relevant information and considerations regarding the full range of manpower, personnel, training, human factors engineering, system safety, health hazards, and soldier survivability into the system development and acquisition process to improve individual performance, total system performance, and reduce the cost of ownership throughout the entire life cycle of a system. MANPRINT is the Army’s human systems integration process for systems acquisition. ^²[TR 350-70] The entire process of integrating manpower, personnel, training, human factors engineering, health hazard assessment, and system safety into a system through the materiel development and acquisition process. It uses analytical models to help soldier-machine systems reach maximum performance. The models help predict manpower, personnel, and training needs by considering human factors engineering, manpower, personnel, training, safety, and health hazards. ³[TP 71] The comprehensive technical effort to identify and integrate all relevant information and considerations regarding the full range of manpower, personnel capabilities, training development and delivery, human factors engineering, system safety, health hazards, and soldier survivability into the system development and acquisition process to improve soldier performance, total systems performance, and reduce the cost of ownership to an acceptable level throughout the entire life cycle of a system. MANPRINT is the Army’s Human Systems Integration process for systems acquisition.

manpower and personnel planner. This is the agency responsible for developing the total Army requirements to operate, maintain, and support development items or systems.

manpower authorization. The authority to establish a manpower position on an approved document. Due to budgetary constraints, manpower authorizations will normally be less than manpower requirements.

manpower estimate. [DSMC] An estimate of the number of personnel required to operate, maintain, support, and train for the acquisition upon full operational deployment. Required for all acquisition category I programs.

manpower management. [JP 1-02] (DoD, NATO) The means of manpower control to ensure the most efficient and economical use of available manpower.

manpower management survey. [JP 1-02] (DoD, NATO) Systematic evaluation of a functional area, utilizing expert knowledge, manpower scaling guides, experience, and other practical considerations in determining the validity and managerial efficiency of the function's present or proposed manpower establishment.

manpower, personnel, and training (MPT) analysis. Manpower analysis consists of identification of tasks and work-hours required to perform a job or function. Personnel analysis consists of identification of ratings and occupational specialties and skill levels required to perform the job or function. Training analysis consists of identification of training tasks or functions required for personnel to obtain skill levels necessary to operate and maintain the system, subsystem, or equipment.

manpower requirement. A recognized need in terms of a soldier/civilian of a specified grade level (TOE/TDA).

manpower requirements. [JP 1-02] (DoD) Human resources needed to accomplish specified work loads of organizations.

manpower requirements criteria (MARC). The number of direct workers required to effectively perform a specified work activity. A principle computational component of MARC is the estimate of annual maintenance man hours (AMMH) and its variations (AAMMH, IPAMMH, and DPAMMH), each of which represents different contributing factors to the overall maintenance manpower and personnel determination. AAMMH, AMMH, DPAMMH, and IPAMMH are MARC components of a system from the perspective of the factors each represents. These MARC components are defined below:

l annual available maintenance man-hours (AAMMH). The number of annual man-hours each repairer is expected to be available under sustained operating conditions (e.g., wartime).

l annual maintenance man hours (AMMH). The sum of the direct and indirect productive time (IPAMMH) required to repair an item.

l direct productive annual maintenance man hours (DPAMMH). The estimated wrench-turning time required to repair a component or assembly.

DPAMMH = EQUIPMENT USAGE RATE X MEAN TIME TO REPAIR
MEAN TIME BETWEEN REPAIR

manpower resources. [JP 1-02] (DoD) Human resources available to the services which can be applied against manpower requirements.

manpower scheduling and loading. [DSMC] Effective and efficient utilization and scheduling of available manpower according to their skills to ensure required manufacturing operations are properly coordinated and executed.

MANPRINT action officer (AO). An individual held accountable by the program manager, functional proponent, and/or combat developer for ensuring that the MANPRINT program is executed on a daily basis.

MANPRINT assessment. An independent review of the MANPRINT status of the system. The objective is to present any unresolved MANPRINT issues or concerns to the decision makers at the appropriate decision points. The MANPRINT assessment represents the ODCSPER's formal position on the MANPRINT status of the system.

MANPRINT joint working group (MJWG). An MJWG is established early in the requirements formulation phase of the materiel acquisition process. The MJWG provides oversight and manages MANPRINT issues during the materiel acquisition process.

MANPRINT working group. A body of experts in the MANPRINT domains and other functional areas who are responsible for overseeing and coordinating all MANPRINT activities. The CD/FP MANPRINT Working Group is known as the ICT HSI/MANPRINT Working Group; the PM/MD MANPRINT Working Group is known as the MANPRINT working integrated product team (WIPT).

manual element. [DSMC] A distinct, describable, and measurable subdivision of a work cycle or operation performed by one or more human motions that are not controlled by process or machine.

manual playback. Viewer operation without use of programmed control instructions.

manufacturing. [DSMC] The process of making an item by hand, or especially, by machinery, often on a large scale and with division of labor.

manufacturing engineering. [DSMC] Preproduction planning and operation analysis applied to specific projects. Other similar functions include sustaining (ongoing) engineering, production engineering, and production planning.

manufacturing management production/capability review. [DSMC] A review accomplished by the program office during source selection to determine each competing contractor's existing and planned manufacturing management system and production capacity to meet all known production requirements of the proposed system considering all current firm and projected business.

manufacturing methods and technology (MMT). MMT serves to develop and improve or expand manufacturing technology by improving manufacturing processes, techniques, and equipment to provide for timely, reliable, economic, and high quality production of required materiel.

manufacturing technology (MANTECH). [DSMC] Refers to any action which has as its objective: the timely establishment or improvement of the manufacturing processes, techniques, or equipment required to support current and projected programs, and the assurance of the availability to produce, reduce lead-time, ensure economic availability of end items, reduce costs, increase efficiency, improve reliability, or to enhance safety and anti-pollution measures.

many (raid size). [JP 1-02] (DoD) In air intercept usage, 8 or more aircraft. See also few (raid size).

map. [JP 1-02] (DoD, NATO) A graphic representation, usually on a plane surface, and at an established scale, of natural or artificial features on the surface of a part or the whole of the Earth or other planetary body. The features are positioned relative to a coordinate reference system. See also administrative map; battle map; controlled map; general map; large-scale map; line-route map; map chart; map index; map series; map sheet; medium-scale map; operation map; planimetric map; situation map; small scale map; strategic map; tactical map; topographic map; traffic circulation map; weather map.

map chart. [JP 1-02] (DoD) A representation of a land-sea area, using the characteristics of a map to represent the land area and the characteristics of a chart to represent the sea area, with such special characteristics as to make the map-chart most useful in military operations, particularly amphibious operations. See also map.

map convergence. [JP 1-02] (DoD, NATO) The angle at which one meridian is inclined to another on a map or chart. See also convergence.

map exercise. [JP 1-02] (DoD) An exercise in which a series of military situations is stated and solved on a map.

map index. [JP 1-02] (DoD, NATO) Graphic key primarily designed to give the relationship between sheets of a series, their coverage, availability, and further information on the series. See also map.

map reference. [JP 1-02] (DoD, NATO) A means of identifying a point on the surface of the Earth by relating it to information appearing on a map, generally the graticule or grid.

map reference code. [JP 1-02] (DoD, NATO) A code used primarily for encoding grid coordinates and other information pertaining to maps. This code may be used for other purposes where the encryption of numerals is required.

map series. [JP 1-02] (DoD, NATO) A group of maps or charts usually having the same scale and cartographic specifications, and with each sheet appropriately identified by producing agency as belonging to the same series.

map sheet. [JP 1-02] (DoD, NATO) An individual map or chart either complete in itself or part of a series. See also map.

mapping camera. See air cartographic camera.

mapping, charting, and geodesy (MC&G). Maps, charts, and other data used for military planning, operations, and training. These products and data support air, land, and sea navigation; weapon system guidance; target positioning; and other military activities. These data are presented in the forms of topographic, planimetric, imaged, or thematic maps and graphics; nautical and aeronautical charts and publications; and, in digital and textual formats, gazetteers, which contain geophysical and geodetic data and coordinate lists.

margin. [JP 1-02] (DoD, NATO) In cartography, the area of a map or chart lying outside the border.

marginal data. [JP 1-02] (DoD, NATO) All explanatory information given in the margin of a map or chart which clarifies, defines, illustrates, and/or supplements the graphic portion of the sheet.

marginal information. See marginal data.

marginal weather. [JP 1-02] (DoD) Weather which is sufficiently adverse to a military operation so as to require the imposition of procedural limitations. See also adverse weather.

Marine Air Command and Control System.(MACCS). [JP 1-02] (DoD) A system which provides the aviation combat element commander with the means to command, coordinate, and control all air operations within an assigned sector and to coordinate air operations with other Services. It is composed of command and control agencies with communications-electronics equipment that incorporates a capability from manual through semiautomatic control. See also direct air support center; tactical air command center; tactical air operations center.

Marine air control squadron. [JP 1-02] (DoD) The component of the Marine air control group which provides and operates ground facilities for the detection and interception of hostile aircraft and for the navigational direction of friendly aircraft in the conduct of support missions.

marine air support squadron. The component of the marine air control group which provides and operates facilities for the control of support aircraft operating in direct support of ground forces.

Marine air-ground task force (MAGTF). [JP 1-02] (DoD) A task organization of Marine forces (division, aircraft wing, and service support groups) under a single command and structured to accomplish a specific mission. The MAGTF components will normally include command, aviation combat, ground combat, and combat service support elements (including Navy Support Elements). Two types of Marine air-ground task forces which can be task organized are the Marine expeditionary unit and Marine expeditionary force. The four elements of a Marine air-ground task force are:

l Command element (CE). The MAGTF headquarters. The CE is a permanent organization composed of the commander, general or executive and special staff sections, headquarters section, and requisite communications and service support facilities. The CE provides command, control, and coordination essential for effective planning and execution of operations by the other three elements of the MAGTF. There is only one CE in a MAGTF.

l Aviation combat element (ACE). The MAGTF element that is task organized to provide all or a portion of the functions of Marine Corps aviation in varying degrees based on the tactical situation and the MAGTF mission and size. These functions are air reconnaissance, antiair warfare, assault support, offensive air support, electronic warfare, and control of aircraft and missiles. The ACE is organized around an aviation headquarters and varies in size from a reinforced helicopter squadron to one or more Marine aircraft wing(s). It includes those aviation command (including air control agencies), combat, combat support, and combat service support units required by the situation. Normally, there is only one ACE in a MAGTF.

l Ground combat element (GCE). The MAGTF element that is task organized to conduct ground operations. The GCE is constructed around an infantry unit and varies in size from a reinforced infantry battalion to one or more reinforced Marine division(s). The GCE also includes appropriate combat support and combat service support units. Normally, there is only one GCE in a MAGTF.

l Combat service support element (CSSE). The MAGTF element that is task organized to provide the full range of combat service support necessary to accomplish the MAGTF mission. CSSE can provide supply, maintenance, transportation, deliberate engineer, health, postal, disbursing, enemy prisoner of war, automated information systems, exchange, utilities, legal, and graves registration services. The CSSE varies in size from a Marine expeditionary unit (MEU) service support group (MSSG) to a force service support group (FSSG). Normally, there is only one combat service support element in a MAGTF.

Marine air support squadron. [JP 1-02] (DoD) The component of the Marine air control group which provides and operates facilities for the control of support aircraft operating in direct support of ground forces.

Marine base. [JP 1-02] (DoD) A base for support of Marine ground forces, consisting of activities or facilities for which the Marine Corps has operating responsibilities, together with interior lines of communications and the minimum surrounding area necessary for local security. (Normally, not greater than an area of 20 square miles.) See also base complex.

Marine division/wing team. A Marine Corps air-ground team consisting of one division and one aircraft wing, together with their normal reinA Marine Corps air-ground team consisting of one division and one aircraft wing, together with their normal reinforcements.

marine environment. [JP 1-02] (DoD) The oceans, seas, bays, estuaries, and other major water bodies, including their surface interface and interaction, with the atmosphere and with the land seaward of the mean high water mark.

Marine expeditionary brigade (MEB). A task organization which is normally built around a regimental landing team, a provisional Marine aircraft group, and a logistics support group. It is capable of conducting amphibious assault operations of a limited scope. During potential crisis situations, an MEB may be forward deployed afloat for an extended period in order to provide an immediate combat response. See also marine air-ground task force.

marine expeditionary force (MEF). [JP 1-02] (DoD) The MEF, the largest of the marine airground task forces, is normally built around a division/wing team, but can include several divisions and aircraft wings, together with an appropriate combat service support organization. The MEF is capable of conducting a wide range of amphibious assault operations and sustained operations ashore. It can be tailored for a wide variety of combat missions in any geographic environment. See also marine air-ground task force.

marine expeditionary unit (MEU). [JP 1-02] (DoD) A task organization which is normally built around a battalion landing team, reinforced helicopter squadron, and logistic support unit. It fulfills routine forward afloat deployment requirements, provides an immediate reaction capability for crisis situations, and is capable of relatively limited combat operations. See also marine air-ground task force.

Marine expeditionary unit (special operations capable) MEU (SOC). [JP 1-02] (DoD) A forward-deployed, embarked U.S. Marine Corps unit with enhanced capability to conduct special operations. The MEU(SOC) is oriented toward amphibious raids, at night, under limited visibility, while employing emission control procedures. The MEU(SOC) is not a Secretary of Defense-designated special operations force but, when directed by the National Command Authorities and/or the theater commander, may conduct hostage recovery or other special operations under in extremis circumstances when designated special operations forces are not available.

maritime control area.[JP 1-02] (DoD) An area generally similar to a defensive sea area in purpose except that it may be established any place on the high seas. Maritime control areas are normally established only in time of war. See also defensive sea area.

maritime defense sector. [JP 1-02] (DoD, NATO) One of the subdivisions of a coastal area.

maritime environment. [JP 1-02] (DoD) The oceans, seas, bays, estuaries, islands, coastal areas, and the airspace above these, including amphibious objective areas.

maritime power projection. [JP 1-02] (DoD) Power projection in and from the maritime environment, including a broad spectrum of offensive military operations to destroy enemy forces or logistic support or to prevent enemy forces from approaching within enemy weapons' range of friendly forces. Maritime power projection may be accomplished by amphibious assault operations, attack of targets ashore, or support of sea control operations.

maritime prepositioning force operation. [JP 1-02] (DoD) A rapid deployment and assembly of a Marine expeditionary force in a secure area using a combination of strategic airlift and forward-deployed maritime prepositioning ships. See also Marine expeditionary force; maritime prepositioning ships.

maritime prepositioning ships (MPS). [JP 1-02] (DoD) Civilian-crewed, Military Sealift Command-chartered ships which are organized into three squadrons and are usually forward-deployed. These ships are loaded with prepositioned equipment and 30 days of supplies to support three Marine expeditionary brigades. See also Navy cargo handling battalion.

maritime search and rescue region. [JP 1-02] (DoD) The waters subject to the jurisdiction of the United States; the territories and possessions of the United States (except Canal Zone and the inland area of Alaska) and designated areas of the high seas.

maritime special purpose force (MSPF). [JP 1-02] (DoD) A task-organized force formed from elements of a marine expeditionary unit (special operations capable) and Naval special warfare forces that can be quickly tailored to a specific mission. The MSPF can execute on short notice a wide variety of missions in a supporting, supported, or unilateral role. It focuses on operations in a maritime environment and is capable of operations in conjunction with or in support of special operations forces. The MSPF is integral to and directly relies upon the marine expeditionary unit (special operations capable) for all combat and combat service support.

mark. [JP 1-02] (DoD)

l In artillery and naval gunfire support:

l To call for fire on a specified location in order to orient the observer/spotter or to indicate targets.

l To report the instant of optimum light on the target produced by illumination shells.

l In naval operations, to use a maritime unit to maintain an immediate offensive or obstructive capability against a specified target.

See also stage; staging area.

mass. [JP 1-02] (DoD, NATO)

l The concentration of combat power.

l The military formation in which units are spaced at less than the normal distances and intervals.

mass casualty. [JP 1-02] (DoD) Any large number of casualties produced in a relatively short period of time, usually as the result of a single incident such as a military aircraft accident, hurricane, flood, earthquake, or armed attack that exceeds local logistical support capabilities. See also casualty.

massed fire. [JP 1-02] (DoD)

l The fire of the batteries of two or more ships directed against a single target.

l Fire from a number of weapons directed at a single point or small area.

master. ^¹[TR 350-70] In validating training materials or tests, refers to an expert at the particular job or task. ^²[DoD] The final edited version of a product used to make distribution copies. ^³[JP 1-02] (DoD) The commanding officer of a United States Naval Ship, a commercial ship, or a government-owned general agency agreement ship operated for the Military Sealift Command by a civilian company to transport DoD cargo.

master air attack plan (MAAP). [JP 1-02] (DoD) A plan that contains key information that forms the foundation of the joint air tasking order. Sometimes referred to as the air employment plan or joint air tasking order shell. Information which may be included: joint force commander guidance, joint force air component commander guidance, support plans, component requests, target update requests, availability of capabilities/forces, target information from target lists, aircraft allocation, etc.

master evaluation plan. [TR 350-70] The proponent's overall strategy for accomplishing evaluation/QA functions and providing specific descriptions of programs.

master film. [JP 1-02] (DoD, NATO) The earliest generation of imagery (negative or positive) from which subsequent copies are produced.

master force list(MFL). [JP 1-02] (DoD) A file which contains the current status of each requirement for a given operation plan. The MFL is made available for file transfer service (FTS) transfer to other Worldwide Military Command and Control System activities from a file produced from the joint deployment system data base.

master plot. [JP 1-02] (DoD, NATO) A portion of a map or overlay on which are drawn the outlines of the areas covered by an air photographic sortie. Latitude and longitude, map, and sortie information are shown. See also sortie plot.

master schedule. A schedule of instruction, prepared by the training activity, to indicate the period-by-period program for each day and week of the course.

mastering. A process in which the premaster videotape is used to modulate a laser onto a photosensitive, glass master disk; the manufacturing process that creates a glass master, and then a metal mold disk, from which others (plastic substrate) are replicated.

mastery. [TR 350-70]

l Training: The performance of the training objectives within the prescribed conditions and to the stated standard.

l On the job: Successful task performance without supervision or coaching.

mastery learning. An approach to curriculum development in which students progress from learning experience to learning experience based upon achievement of instructional objectives rather than other factors such as age, effort, or time of year.

material. ^¹In military applications this word is generally not used. When it is used, it refers to printed or written words, research, or intelligence. Example: training material. ^²[DSMC] Elements, constituents, or substances of which something is composed or can be made. It includes, but is not limited to, raw and processed material, parts, components, assemblies, fuels, and other items which may be worked into a more finished form in performance of a contract.

material management. [DSMC] Direction and control of those aspects of logistics which deal with material, including the functions of identification, cataloging, standardization, requirements determination, procurement, inspection, quality control, packaging, storage, distribution, disposal, maintenance, mobilization planning, industrial readiness planning, and item management classification; encompasses materiel control, inventory control, inventory management, and supply management.

material specification. [DSMC] This type of specification is applicable to raw material (chemical compound), mixtures (cleaning agents, paints), or semi-fabricated material (electrical cable, copper tubing) used in the fabrication of a product. Normally, a material specification applies to production but may be prepared to control the development of a material.

materials. Raw substances, scrap, semi-finished and finished; supplies.

materials handling. [JP 1-02] (DoD, NATO) The movement of materials (raw materials, scrap, semi-finished, and finished) to, through, and from productive processes; in warehouses and storage; and in receiving and shipping areas.

materials handling equipment. [JP 1-02] (DoD) Mechanical devices for handling of supplies with greater ease and economy.

materials preparing activity (MPA). An organization that develops training materials, prepares major changes or revisions, and produces training materials as directed by the contracting activity. MPAs may be either contractors or training facilities.

materiel. [JP 1-02] (DoD) All items (including ships, tanks, self-propelled weapons, aircraft, etc., and related spares, repair parts, and support equipment, but excluding real property, installations, and utilities) necessary to equip, operate, maintain, and support military activities without distinction as to its application for administrative or combat purposes. See also equipment; personal property.

materiel acquisition decision process (MADP) reviews. Major management decision reviews conducted prior to entry into each successive phase of the materiel acquisition process. The purpose of the reviews is to evaluate the development and surface critical issues prior to approval for entry into the subsequent phase. There are three levels of reviews:

& The Defense Acquisition Board (DAB) reviews major systems requiring Secretary of Defense approval of program decisions. After a weapons program progresses beyond DAB II, the service secretaries may be granted responsibility for surveillance as directed by the Deputy Secretary of Defense.

l The Army Systems Acquisition Review Council (ASARC) reviews for major systems requiring the Secretary of the Army approval of program decisions, including those requiring subsequent approval by the Secretary of Defense.

l In-process reviews (IPR) are used to review minor systems.

materiel acquisition process (MAP). The sequence of acquisition activities, starting with the identification of an unmet mission need, and extending through the introduction of a system into operational use.

Materiel Acquisition Review Board (MARB). This is a senior level (GO/SES) review board convened to review, advise, and ultimately approve key program management documents (PMD) and Army Requirements and Management Board (ARMB) preparation efforts prior to each milestone review. The HQ AMC MARB is convened for all DoD major programs and designated acquisition programs (DAPs). The MSC MARB is convened for all other programs (i.e., IPR programs), and prior to any HQ AMC MARB.

materiel cognizance. [JP 1-02] (DoD) Denotes responsibility for exercising supply management over items or categories of materiel.

materiel control. See inventory control.

materiel developer (MATDEV). ^¹[TP 71] The RDA command, agency, or office assigned responsibility for the system under development or being acquired. The term may be used generically to refer to the RDA community in the material acquisition process (counterpart to the generic use of CBTDEV). ^²The system program manager (PM) or the PM's representative responsible for research, development, and procurement of a new system.

materiel developments. [TP 71] The conception, development, and execution of solutions to material requirements identified and initiated through the combat developments process, translating equipment requirements into executable programs within acceptable performance, schedule, and cost parameters.

materiel fielding and training. [DSMC] The action of checking out equipment functions and operator and maintenance personnel training after production and before turnover to users.

materiel fielding plan (MFP). ^¹The MFP is a stand-alone document which consolidates all materiel developer and gaining MACOM actions, schedules, and procedures needed to process, deploy, and sustain a system. Detailed planning and actions required for deployment of a system are described in the MFP. The materiel developer, coordinating with the integrated logistic support (ILS) program participants and gaining MACOM, prepares the MFP. ^²[TR 350-70] A document containing detailed system information. This information provides for the detailed planning and actions required for deployment of the system.

materiel improvement (MI). MI is a program to incorporate a configuration change. This change may involve engineering and testing efforts on major end items, and depot repairable components or changes on other than developmental items. This program is designed to increase system/combat effectiveness or extend the useful military life. Materiel improvements can be:

l Engineering change proposals. Reconfiguring a type-classified item that is in production.

l Product improvement proposals. Reconfiguring a type-classified fielded item.

l Preplanned product improvements. An evolutionary development where equipment is designed to accept technological improvements at a later date.

materiel inventory objective. [JP 1-02] (DoD) The quantity of an item required to be on hand and on order on M-day in order to equip, provide a materiel pipeline, and sustain the approved U.S. force structure (active and reserve) and those allied forces designated for U.S. materiel support, through the period prescribed for war materiel planning purposes. It is the quantity by which the war materiel requirement exceeds the war materiel procurement capability and the war materiel requirement adjustment. It includes the M-day force materiel requirement and the war reserve materiel requirement.

materiel management. The supervision of supplies and equipment throughout the strategic-, operational-, and tactical-level areas of operation. See inventory control.

materiel pipeline. [JP 1-02] (DoD) The quantity of an item required in the worldwide supply system to maintain an uninterrupted replacement flow.

materiel planning. [JP 1-02] (DoD) A subset of logistic planning and consists of a four-step process:

l Requirements definition. Requirements for significant items must be calculated at item level detail (i.e., national stock number) to support sustainability planning and analysis. Requirements include unit roundout, consumption and attrition replacement, safety stock, and the needs of allies.

l Apportionment. Items are apportioned to the combatant commanders based on a global scenario to avoid sourcing of items to multiple theaters. The basis for apportionment is the capability provided by unit stocks, host nation support, theater prepositioned war reserve stocks and industrial base, and continental United States Department of defense stockpiles and available production. Item apportionment cannot exceed total capabilities.

l Sourcing. Sourcing is the matching of available capabilities on a given date against item requirements to support sustainability analysis and the identification of locations to support transportation planning. Sourcing of any item is done within the combatant commander's apportionment.

l Documentation. Sourced item requirements and corresponding shortfalls are major inputs to the combatant commander's sustainability analysis. Sourced item requirements are translated into movement requirements and documented in the Joint Operation Planning and Execution System data base for transportation feasibility analysis. Movement requirements for nonsignificant items are estimated in tonnage.

materiel readiness. [JP 1-02] (DoD) The availability of materiel required by a military organization to support its wartime activities or contingencies, disaster relief (flood, earthquake, etc.), or other emergencies.

materiel release.The authority granted by the designated general officer to issue materiel to the user(e.g., the VCSA is designated to approve all conditional releases on major and DAP systems).

materiel release confirmation. [JP 1-02] (DoD) A notification from a shipping/storage activity advising the originator of a materiel release order of the positive action taken on the order. It will also be used with appropriate shipment status document identifier codes as a reply to a follow-up initiated by the inventory control point.

materiel release order. [JP 1-02] (DoD) An order issued by an accountable supply system manager (usually an inventory control point or accountable depot/stock point) directing a nonaccountable activity (usually a storage site or materiel drop point) within the same supply distribution complex to release and ship materiel.

materiel release process (MRP). The authority granted by a designated officer to issue materiel.

materiel requirements. ¹[JP 1-02] (DoD) Those quantities of items of equipment and supplies necessary to equip, provide a materiel pipeline, and sustain a Service, formation, organization, or unit in the fulfillment of its purposes or tasks during a specified period. ²[TP 71] Changes or additions to any of the Army’s families of weapon systems, support systems, or TADSS. They range from modernizing existing materiel through parts replacement; major product improvements of existing materiel; one for one replacement of old materiel with new materiel designed to do the same job; to completely new families of materiel designed to do something that has not been done before.

materiel requirements document. [TP 71] A document specifically written to articulate and obtain approval of the mission need or operational requirements for a materiel program. This document concisely states the minimum essential operational, technical, logistical, and cost information necessary to initiate development or procurement of a materiel system. MNS and ORD are two such documents within OSD and the Army.

materiel requirements list. This is a line-by-line list of all materiel (end item/system, associated support items of equipment, etc.) that will be supplied as a total package by the fielding command to the MACOM under the total package/unit materiel fielding (TP/UMF) concept.

materiel system. [DSMC] A final combination of subsystems, components, parts, and materials that makeup an entity for use in combat or in support thereof, either offensively of defensively, to destroy, injure, defeat, or threaten the enemy. It includes the basic materiel items and all related equipment, supporting facilities, and services required for operating and maintaining the system.

materiel transfer plan (MTP). The MTP is a central document used for support and fielding planning for designated displaced systems.

matrix. [DSMC] Organization Combines the advantages of the pure functional (traditional) structure and the product organizational structure. The program manager has total responsibility and accountability for program success. Functional managers provide technical and business assistance to the PM from outside the program management office.

matt. The keying of two scenes; the electronic laying in of a background image behind a foreground scene.

Maverick. [JP 1-02] (DoD) An air-to-surface missile with launch and leave capability. It is designed for use against stationary or moving small, hard targets such as tanks, armored vehicles, and field fortifications. Designated as AGM-65.

maximum aircraft arresting hook load. [JP 1-02] (DoD) The maximum load experienced by an aircraft arresting hook assembly during an arrestment.

maximum class size. [TR 350-70] The largest number of students in a class that can be trained with acceptable degradation in the training effectiveness due to manpower, facility, or equipment constraints. See optimum class size.

maximum effective range. [JP 1-02] (DoD, NATO) The maximum distance at which a weapon may be expected to be accurate and achieve the desired result.

maximum elevation figure. [JP 1-02] (DoD, NATO) A figure, shown in each quadrangle bounded by ticked graticule lines on aeronautical charts, which represents the height in thousands and hundreds of feet, above mean sea level, of the highest known natural or manmade feature in that quadrangle, plus suitable factors to allow for inaccuracy and incompleteness of the topographical

	DPAMMH = EQUIPMENT USAGE RATE X MEAN TIME TO REPAIR
	MEAN TIME BETWEEN REPAIR