Radiation Conditions in Russia
Attachment to the map ``Radiation Conditions in Russia'',
Scale 1:8,000,000, ``List of Facilities Marked on the Map
Presenting a Radiation Danger'', Institute of Geobiospheric
Research -- Moscow RADIATSIONNAYA OBSTANOVKA ROSSII
- 14 March 1995]
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|1. Nuclear Power Stations |
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| |Station |Reactor Type |Location |
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|1. |Balakovskaya AES |VVER [water-coole-|Saratov Oblast, c-|
| | |d water-moderated |ity of Balakovo |
| | |power reactor] | |
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|2. |Beloyarskaya AES |BN-600 |Yekaterinburg Obl-|
| | | |ast, settlement o-|
| | | |f Zarechnyy |
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|3. |Bilibinskaya AES |EGP-12 |Chukchi Autonomou-|
| | | |s Okrug, settleme-|
| | | |nt of Bilibino |
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|4. |Kalininskaya AES |VVER |Tver Oblast, city |
| | | |of Udomlya |
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|5. |Kolskaya AES |VVER |Murmansk Oblast, |
| | | |settlement of Pol-|
| | | |yarnyye Zori |
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|6. |Kurskaya AES |RBMK |Kursk Oblast, set-|
| | | |tlement of Kurcha-|
| | | |tov |
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|7. |Leningradskaya AES|RBMK |Leningrad Oblast, |
| | | |city of Sosnovyy |
| | | |Bor |
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|8. |Novovoronezhskaya |VVER |Voronezh Oblast, |
| |AES | |city of Voronezh |
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|9. |Smolenskaya AES |RBMK |Smolensk Oblast, |
| | | |city of Desnogorsk|
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|10. |Obninskaya AES |IER |Kaluga Oblast, ci-|
| | | |ty of Obninsk |
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|2. Locations of Radioactive Waste Processing Works |
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|1. |Moscow Oblast, settlement of Kupavna |
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|2. |Nizhniy Novgorod Oblast, city of Nizh-|
| |niy Novgorod |
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|3. |Volgograd Oblast, city of Volgograd |
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|4. |Tatarstan, city of Kazan |
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|5. |Samara Oblast, city of Samara |
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|6. |Yekaterinburg Oblast, city of Yekater-|
| |inburg |
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|7. |Chelyabinsk Oblast, city of Kyshtym |
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|8. |Bashkortostan, city of Blagoveshchensk|
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|9. |Saratov Oblast, city of Saratov |
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|10. |Novosibirsk Oblast, town of Prokudins-|
| |koye |
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|11. |Irkutsk Oblast, city of Irkutsk |
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|12. |Rostov Oblast, city of Rostov-on-Don |
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|13. |Khabarovsk Kray, city of Khabarovsk |
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|14. |Murmansk Oblast, city of Murmansk |
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|15. |Chechen Republic, city of Groznyy |
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|3. Radioactive Waste Burial Sites |
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|1. |City of Sosnovyy Bor |Leningrad Oblast |
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|2. |City of Kyshtym |Chelyabinsk Oblast |
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|3. |City of Krasnoyarsk |Krasnoyarsk Kray |
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|4. |Settlement of Shcherbinka|Moscow Oblast |
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|5. |City of Petropavlovsk-Ka-|Kamchatka Oblast |
| |mchatskiy | |
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|6. |Settlement of Kola |Murmansk Oblast |
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|7. |Settlement of Iksha |Dmitrovskiy Rayon, Mosco-|
| | |w Oblast |
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|8. |Near Zagorskiy |Sergiyev Pasad, Moscow O-|
| | |blast |
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|9. |Settlement of Kuchino |Moscow Oblast |
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|10. |Settlement of Semenovo |Gorkiy Oblast |
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|11. |Novaya Zemlya | |
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|12. |City of Chelyabinsk | |
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|13. |Olga Bay |Maritime Kray |
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|14. |City of Komsomolsk-on-Am-|Khabarovsk Kray |
| |ur | |
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|4. Locations of Industrial Accidents Evoking Contamination of Local Territory|
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|1. |City of Kyshtym |Chelyabinsk Oblast |
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|2. |Settlement of Shkotovo |Maritime Kray |
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|3. |City of Severomorsk |Arkhangelsk Oblast |
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|4. |Beloyarskaya AES (Olkhov-|Yekaterinburg Oblast |
| |skiye Marshes) | |
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|5. |Tomsk |Tomsk Oblast |
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|5. Oblasts With Radioactive Contamination Following the Accident at the Cher-|
|nobylskaya AES |
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|1. |Bryansk |
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|2. |Belgorod |
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|3. |Voronezh |
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|4. |Kaluga |
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|5. |Kursk |
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|6. |Lipetsk |
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|7. |Leningrad |
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|8. |Orel |
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|9. |Ryazan |
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|10. |Tambov |
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|11. |Tula |
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|12. |Penza |
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|13. |Smolensk |
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|14. |Ulyanovsk |
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|15. |Nizhniy Novgorod |
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|16. |Mordovia |
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|6. Nuclear Weapons Tests and Military Exercises |
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|``Novaya Zemlya'' Test Range, Arkhang-|132 explosions |
|elsk Oblast | |
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|Settlement of Totskoye, Orenburg Obla-|Air burst |
|st | |
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|7. Underground Nuclear Bursts (in the Interests of the National Economy) |
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| |Region |Year Conducted |Number |
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|1. |Astrakhan Oblast | | |
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| |Krasnoyarskiy Ray-|1980 |1 |
| |on | | |
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| | |1981 |2 |
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| | |1982 |4 |
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| | |1983 |6 |
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| | |1984 |2 |
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|2. |Arkhangelsk Oblast| | |
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| |Vychegorskiy Rayon|1971 |1 |
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| | |1988 |1 |
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|3. |Mezenskiy Rayon |1985 |1 |
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| |Nenetsk National |1981 |1 |
| |Okrug | | |
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|4. |Bashkortostan | | |
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| |Meleuzskiy Rayon |1965 |3 |
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| | |1980 |2 |
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|5. |Sterlitamakskiy R-|1973 |1 |
| |ayon | | |
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| | |1974 |1 |
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|6. |Ivanovo Oblast | | |
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| |Kineshemskiy Rayon|1971 |1 |
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|7. |Irkutsk Oblast | | |
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| |Ust-Kutskiy Rayon |1977 |1 |
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| |Ust-Orda Buryat N-| | |
| |ational Okrug | | |
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| |Osinskiy Rayon |1969 |2 |
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|8. |Kalmykia | | |
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| |Priozerskiy Rayon |1972 |1 |
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|9. |Kemerovo Oblast | | |
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| |Chebulinskiy Rayon|1982 |1 |
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| | |1984 |1 |
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|10. |Sosnogorskiy Rayon|1971 |1 |
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|11. |Vorkutinskiy Rayon|1971 |1 |
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|12. |Vorkutinskiy Rayon|1974 |1 |
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|13. |Pecherskiy Rayon, |1984 |1 |
| |Krasnoyarsk Kray, | | |
| |Taymyr (Dolgano-N-| | |
| |enetsk) Autonomou-| | |
| |s Okrug | | |
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|14. |Vicinity of city |1975 |1 |
| |of Norilsk | | |
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| | |1977 |1 |
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|15. |Ust-Yeniseyskiy R-|1982 |1 |
| |ayon | | |
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|16. |Turukhanskiy Rayon| | |
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| |Evenki Autonomous |1982 |1 |
| |Okrug | | |
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|17. |Vicinity of city |1977 |1 |
| |of Tura | | |
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| | |1979 |1 |
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| | |1981 |1 |
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|18. |Vicinity of city |1978 |1 |
| |of Igarka | | |
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|19. |Vicinity of settl-|1980 |1 |
| |ement of Baykit | | |
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|20. |Vicinity of city |1982 |1 |
| |of Dudinka, Murma-| | |
| |nsk Oblast, Kirov-| | |
| |sk City Soviet | | |
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|21. |First round (1 bu-|1972 |1 |
| |rst) | | |
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| |Second round (2 b-|1984 |2 |
| |ursts) | | |
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| |Orenburg Oblast | | |
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|22. |Kurmanovskiy Rayon|1972 |1 |
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|23. |Oktyabrskiy Rayon |1970 |1 |
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|24. |Orenburgskiy Rayon|1971 |1 |
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| | |1973 |1 |
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|25. |Pervomayskiy Rayo-|1972 |1 |
| |n, Perm Oblast | | |
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|26. |Krasnovisherskiy |1981 |1 |
| |Rayon | | |
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| | |1984 |2 |
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| | |1987 |2 |
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|27. |Cherdynskiy Rayon |1971 |1 |
| |(triple burst) | | |
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| |Sakha (Yakutia) | | |
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|28. |Vulukskiy Rayon |1975 |1 |
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|29. |Verkhne-Vilyuyski-|1979 |1 |
| |y Rayon | | |
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|30. |Kolyabskiy Rayon |1978 |1 |
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|31. |Mirninskiy Rayon |1978 |2 |
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| | |1976 |1 |
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| | |1979 |1 |
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| | |1982 |1 |
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| | |1987 |3 |
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| | |1974 |1 |
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| |Stavropolskiy Kray| | |
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|32. |Ipatovskiy Rayon, |1969 |1 |
| |Tyumen Oblast, Ya-| | |
| |malo-Nenetsk Auto-| | |
| |nomous Okrug | | |
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|33. |Tazovskiy Rayon |1974 |1 |
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|34. |Purovskiy Rayon, |1988 |1 |
| |Khanty-Mansiysk A-| | |
| |utonomous Okrug | | |
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|35. |Berezovskiy Rayon |1978 |1 |
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|36. |Surgutskiy Rayon |1979 |1 |
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|37. |Oktyabrskiy Rayon |1980 |1 |
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|38. |Nizhnetazdivskiy |1967 |1 |
| |Rayon, Chita Obla-| | |
| |st | | |
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|39. |Uletovskiy Rayon |1977 |1 |
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|8. Scientific Research Centers |
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|1. |Scientific Research Inst-|Moscow |
| |itute of Technical Physi-| |
| |cs and Automation | |
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| |Scientific Research Inst-|Moscow |
| |itute of Inorganic Mater-| |
| |ials imeni Bocharov | |
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| |Scientific Research Inst-|Moscow |
| |itute of Chemical Techno-| |
| |logy | |
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| |Scientific Research Inst-|Moscow |
| |itute of Automation | |
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| |Scientific Research Inst-|Moscow |
| |itute of Industrial Tech-| |
| |nology | |
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| |Scientific Research Desi-|Moscow |
| |gn and Power Engineering | |
| |Institute | |
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| |Scientific Research Inst-|Moscow |
| |itute of Pulse Technology| |
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| |Scientific Research Inst-|Moscow |
| |itute of Instrument Maki-| |
| |ng | |
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| |Institute of Atomic Ener-|Moscow |
| |gy imeni Kurchatov | |
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| |Institute of Theoretical |Moscow |
| |and Experimental Physics | |
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| |State All-Russian Planni-|Moscow |
| |ng Institute | |
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| |Moscow Engineering Physi-|Moscow |
| |cs Institute | |
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|2. |Instrument Scientific Re-|Moscow Oblast, city of L-|
| |search Institute |ytkarino |
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|3. |High Energy Institute |Moscow Oblast, city of P-|
| | |rotvino |
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|4. |Joint Nuclear Research I-|Moscow Oblast, city of D-|
| |nstitute imeni Curie |ubna |
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|5. |Affiliate of the Atomic |Moscow Oblast, city of T-|
| |Energy Institute imeni K-|roitsk |
| |urchatov | |
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|6. |Affiliate of the Scienti-|Moscow Oblast, city of E-|
| |fic Research Institute o-|lektrostal |
| |f Inorganic Materials im-| |
| |eni Bocharov | |
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|7. |Gidropress Experimental |Moscow Oblast, city of P-|
| |Design Office |odolsk |
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|8. |Institute of Biomedical |Moscow Oblast |
| |Problems | |
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|9. |Uralsk Department of the |Chelyabinsk Oblast, city |
| |VNIIPIET Scientific Rese-|of Chelyabinsk |
| |arch Institute | |
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|10. |Scientific Research Inst-|Chelyabinsk Oblast, city |
| |itute of Technical Physi-|of Chelyabinsk |
| |cs | |
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|11. |Scientific Research Inst-|Nizhniy Novgorod Oblast, |
| |itute of Experimental Ph-|city of Arzamas |
| |ysics | |
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|12. |Scientific Research Inst-|Nizhniy Novgorod Oblast, |
| |itute of Measuring Syste-|city of Nizhniy Novgorod |
| |ms | |
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|13. |Scientific Research Inst-|Ulyanovsk Oblast, city o-|
| |itute of Atomic Reactors |f Dimitrovgrad |
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|14. |Yekaterinburg Affiliate |Yekaterinburg Oblast, se-|
| |of the Scientific Resear-|ttlement of Zarechnyy |
| |ch and Design Institute | |
| |of Electrical Engineering| |
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|15. |Institute of Power Engin-|Kaluga Oblast, city of O-|
| |eering Physics |bninsk |
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|16. |Scientific Research Tech-|Leningrad Oblast, city o-|
| |nological Institute |f Sosnovyy Bor |
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|17. |St. Petersburg Nuclear P-|Leningrad Oblast, city o-|
| |hysics Institute |f Gatchina |
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|18. |VNIIPET Central Scientif-|Leningrad Oblast, city o-|
| |ic Research Institute |f St. Petersburg |
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|19. |Scientific Research Inst-|Tomsk Oblast, city of To-|
| |itute of Nuclear Physics |msk |
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|20. |Tomsk Department of the |Tomsk Oblast |
| |VNIIPIET Scientific Rese-| |
| |arch Institute | |
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|21. |Novosibirsk Department o-|Novosibirsk Oblast |
| |f the VNIIPIET Scientifi-| |
| |c Research Institute | |
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|22. |Krasnoyarsk Department o-|Krasnoyarsk Kray |
| |f the VNIIPIET Scientifi-| |
| |c Research Institute | |
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|23. |Siberian Affiliate of th-|Chita Oblast, city of Kr-|
| |e VNIIpromtekhnologiya S-|asnokamensk |
| |cientific Research Insti-| |
| |tute | |
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Nuclear Installations in the USSR (Information as of August
1991)
No. on MapName, Present Status, Remarks, Historical Information
Block NoReactor Type, PlanElectricalDate Started
Up
OutputMW
1Novovoronezhskaya AES; stopped in 1985 (life
exhausted); first VVER reactor1VVER-210, experimental278
121964
Stopped in 1990 (life exhausted)2VVER-365, experimental
365121969
Operating; output of blocks 3 and 4 reduced to 417
MW out of safety considerations. ATLAS, p 1793VVER-440, lead, 1st
generation440121971
Operating4VVER-440, 1st generation44012
1972
Operating5VVER-1000, lead, plan 32010005
1980
Planned6VVER-1000, plan 881000
Planned7VVER-1000, plan 881000
2Beloyarskaya AES; stopped in 1983 (life exhausted);
first large channel-type power reactors1AMB-100, experimental
10041964
Stopped in 1990 (life exhausted)2AMB-200, experimental
100121967
Operating3BN-600,experimental60041980
Construction frozen in foundation stage; fate of
block under resolution. Most likely will not be completed.
ATLAS, p 1844BN-800, experimental800
3Sibirskaya AES; number of operating blocks varies
depending on need. According to unverified data, four of six
blocks are currently working. Multipurpose channel-type reactors
used simultaneously for production of electric power and
plutonium for nuclear weapons. ATLAS, p [omitted]1GR-100100
?1958
2GR-100100?1959
3GR-100100?1960
4GR-100100?1961
5GR-100100?1962
6GR-100100?1963
4Dimitrovgradskaya AES; operating; research reactors
of the Scientific Research Institute of Atomic Reactors. ATLAS,
p 1801VK-50, experimental50?1966
Operating2BOR-60, experimental1261969
5Bilibinskaya ATETs; operating1EGP-121212
1974
Operating2EGP-121261975
Operating3EGP-121261975
Operating4EGP-1212121976
Planned; modernized type EGP-12 reactors are being
erected to replace the old ones, which will soon exhaust their
life. ATLAS, p 1875EGP-4848
Planned6EGP-4848
Planned7EGP-4848
6Shevchenkovskaya AES; operating; also used for water
desalinization. Mining and concentration complex producing
uranium. ATLAS, p 196; ATLAS, p 1761BN-35015011973
7Kolskaya AES; operating1VVER-440, 1st generation
440121973
Operating2VVER-440, 1st generation44011
1974
Operating3VVER-440, 2d generation440?1981
Operating4VVER-440, 2d generation440101984
Planned5VVER-1000, plan 3201000
Planned6VVER-1000, plan 320,Tc>1000
8Leningradskaya AES; operating; blocks 1 and 2:
output limited at 700 MW out of safety considerations. ATLAS, p
177; ATLAS, p 1951RBMK-1000, lead, 1st generation100011
1973
Operating2RBMK-1000, 1st generation10008
1975
Operating3RBMK-1000, 2d generation100012
1979
Operating4RBMK-1000, 2d generation10001
1981
9Armyanskaya AES; preparing for start-up after being
stopped in Feb 89; earthquake-resistant equipment and plan;
ATLAS, p 1951VVER-440, 2d generation440111976
Preparing for start-up after being stopped in Mar 892
VVER-440, 2d generation440121979
10Kurskaya AES; operating; output of blocks 1, 2
limited at 700 MW1RBMK-1000, 1st generation100061976
Operating2RBMK-1000, 1st generation10001
1979
Operating3RBMK-1000, 2d generation100012
1983
Operating; ATLAS, p 17942d generation1000?
1985
Under construction; construction resumed after being
stopped in 1986; start-up in 19935RBMK-100, 2d generation1000
11Chernobylskaya AES; operating1RBMK-1000, 1st generation
100091977
Operating; output of blocks 1 and 2 limited at 700 MW2
RBMK-1000, 1st generation1000121978
Operating3RBMK-1000, 2d generation1000?
1982
Stopped and moth-balled Dec 87; ATLAS, p 1934RBMK-1000,
2d generation1000121983
12Rovenskaya AES, operating1VVER-440, 2d generation
44011981
Operating2VVER-440, 2d generation440?1982
Operating3VVER-1000, plan 320100051987
Under construction4VVER-1000, plan 3201000
13Smolenskaya AES; operating; ATLAS, p 1921RBMK-1000,
2d generation1000121982
Operating2RBMK-1000, 2d generation1000?
1985
Operating; ATLAS, p 1783RBMK-1000, 2d generation
1000?1990
Under construction4RBMK-100, 2d generation1000
14Yuzhno-Ukrainskaya AES; operating1VVER-1000, plan
3201000121982
Operating2VVER-1000, plan 320100011985
Operating; ``Nuclear Power Station Accident,''
IZVESTIYA, 8 Dec 893VVER-1000, plan 3201000?1989
Under construction4VVER-1000, plan 3201000
15Zaporozhskaya AES; operating1VVER-1000, plan 320
1000?1983
Operating2VVER-1000, plan 3201000?1984
Operating3VVER-1000, plan 320100031987
Operating4VVER-1000, plan 3201000111988
Operating5VVER-1000, plan 881000?1989
Under construction6VVER-1000, plan 881000
16Kalininskaya AES; operating1VVER-1000, plan 320
100051984
Operating2VVER-1000, plan 320100011987
Under construction3VVER-1000, plan 3201000
Under construction4VVER-1000, plan 3201000-
17Ignalinskaya AES; operating; station output reduced
to 2,500 MW out of safety considerations1RBMK-1500, lead1500
11984
Operating2RBMK-15001500121986
Construction frozen; Lithuanian government
negotiating for resumption of construction3RBMK-15001500
18Balakovskaya AES; operating1VVER-1000, plan 320
1000?1985
Operating2VVER-1000, plan 3201000101987
Operating3VVER-1000, plan 3201000121988
Under construction4VVER-1000, plan 3201000
19Khmelnitskaya AES; operating1VVER-1000, plan 320
1000?1987
Under construction2VVER-1000, plan 3201000
Under construction; Stepanov, Yu., ``We Absolve
Ourselves of Responsibility,'' ROSSIYSKAYA GAZETA, 21 Feb 913VVER-1000,
plan 3201000
20Yuzhno-Uralskaya AES; under construction1BN-800,
experimental800
Under construction2BN-800, experimental800
21Zapadno-Kazakhstanskaya AES; planned; planning and
exploratory work started1VVER-1000, plan 881000
Planned2VVER-1000, plan 881000
Planned; government of Kazakhstan also negotiating
on possibility of erecting four other nuclear power stations in
the republic3VVER-1000, plan 881000
Planned4VVER-1000, plan 881000
Planned5VVER-1000, plan 881000
Planned6VVER-1000, plan 881000
22Dalnevostochnaya AES; planned; planning and
exploratory work under way. Future reactors--modified AST-500
(boiling-water) with output from 100 to 500 MW1VVER, modular
?
Planned2VVER, modular?
Planned3VVER, modular?
Planned4VVER, modular?
23Arkhangelskaya AST; planned; planning and
exploratory work under way1AST-500
Planned2AST-500
24Rostovskaya AES; construction frozen; fight to
resume construction under way1VVER-1000, plan 3201000
Construction frozen2VVER-1000, plan 3201000
25Krymskaya AES; construction frozen; repeat expert
examination initiated1VVER-1000, plan 3201000
26Kostromskaya AES; construction frozen; Stepanov,
Yu., ``We Absolve Ourselves of Responsibility,'' ROSSIYSKAYA
GAZETA, 21 Feb 911VVER-1000, plan 3201000
Construction frozen2VVER-1000, plan 3201000
27Bashkirskaya AES; construction frozen; BaSSR
government opposed, USSR government biding its time1VVER-1000,
plan 3201000
Construction frozen2VVER-1000, plan 3201000
28Voronezhskaya AST; construction frozen; Stepanov,
Yu., ``We Absolve Ourselves of Responsibility,'' ROSSIYSKAYA
GAZETA, 21 Feb 911AST-500
Construction frozen2AST-500
29Gorkovskaya AST; construction frozen; Stepanov, Yu.,
``We Absolve Ourselves of Responsibility,'' ROSSIYSKAYA GAZETA,
21 Feb 911AST-500
Construction frozen2AST-500
30Kyshtym industrial reactor base; exact number of
operating blocks unknown; first enterprise producing plutonium
for military purposes. Placed into service in 1948Exact number
of blocks, output and type of
reactors unknown (channel-type water-cooled graphite-moderated
reactors)
