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Congressional Research Service Reports
on Miscellaneous Topics

• An Overview of the Nonprofit and Charitable Sector, November 17, 2009
• Public Safety Communications and Spectrum Resources: Policy Issues for Congress, November 10, 2009
• Advertising Industry in the Digital Age, November 9, 2009
• Status of the Copenhagen Climate Change Negotiations, November 5, 2009
• The 2009 Influenza Pandemic: Selected Legal Issues, October 29, 2009
• Freedom of Speech and Press: Exceptions to the First Amendment, October 16, 2009
• Congressional Printing: Background and Issues for Congress, November 5, 2009
• Electoral College Reform: 111th Congress Proposals and Other Current Developments, November 4, 2009
• Unconventional Gas Shales: Development, Technology, and Policy Issues, October 30, 2009
• U.S. Fossil Fuel Resources: Terminology, Reporting, and Summary, October 28, 2009
• Mandatory Vaccinations: Precedent and Current Laws, October 26, 2009
• Federal Research and Development Funding: FY2010, October 22, 2009
• Presidential Terms and Tenure: Perspectives and Proposals for Change, October 19, 2009
• The Debate Over Selected Presidential Assistants and Advisors: Appointment, Accountability, and Congressional Oversight, October 9, 2009
• Managing Electronic Waste: Issues with Exporting E-Waste, October 7, 2009
• Poverty in the United States: 2008, October 6, 2009
• The Global Financial Crisis: Analysis and Policy Implications, October 2, 2009
• Removing Aliens from the United States: Judicial Review of Removal Orders, September 25, 2009
• The Second Amendment and Incorporation: An Overview of Recent Appellate Cases, September 21, 2009
• Social Networking and Constituent Communication: Member Use of Twitter During a Two-Week Period in the 111th Congress, September 21, 2009
• Net Neutrality: The Federal Communications Commission's Authority to Enforce Its Network Management Principles, September 21, 2009
• Legal Standing Under the First Amendment's Establishment Clause, September 15, 2009
• Quarantine and Isolation: Selected Legal Issues Relating to Employment, September 11, 2009
• The 2009 Influenza Pandemic: An Overview, September 10, 2009
• Supreme Court Justices: Demographic Characteristics, Professional Experience, and Legal Education, 1789-2009, September 9, 2009
• "Don't Ask, Don't Tell": A Legal Analysis, September 2, 2009
• Health Care Reform: An Introduction, August 31, 2009
• Unauthorized Aliens Residing in the United States: Estimates Since 1986, August 25, 2009
• Filling U.S. Senate Vacancies: Perspectives and Contemporary Developments, August 21, 2009
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Global Health Programs: FY2001-FY2010, August 21, 2009
• Competition in Federal Contracting: An Overview of the Legal Requirements, August 20, 2009
• The Federal Protective Service and Contract Security Guards: A Statutory History and Current Status, August 20, 2009
• The Strategic Petroleum Reserve: History, Perspectives, and Issues, August 18, 2009
• "Don't Ask, Don't Tell:" The Law and Military Policy on Same-Sex Behavior, August 14, 2009
• Post Office and Retail Postal Facility Closures: Overview and Issues for Congress, August 7, 2009
• Qui Tam: The False Claims Act and Related Federal Statutes, August 6, 2009
• Qui Tam: An Abbreviated Look at the False Claims Act and Related Federal Statutes, August 6, 2009
• Carbon Sequestration in Forests, August 6, 2009
• Measuring and Monitoring Carbon in the Agricultural and Forestry Sectors, August 6, 2009
• Federal Complaint-Handling, Ombudsman, and Advocacy Offices, August 4, 2009
• Aviation and Climate Change, August 4, 2009
• Climate Change: The Role of the U.S. Agriculture Sector and Congressional Action, July 31, 2009
• Federal Domestic Illegal Drug Enforcement Efforts: Are They Working?, July 28, 2009
• Issues Regarding a National Land Parcel Database, July 22, 2009
• Inherently Governmental Functions and Department of Defense Operations: Background, Issues, and Options for Congress, July 22, 2009
• Ocean Acidification, July 17, 2009
• The U.S. Newspaper Industry in Transition, July 8, 2009
• Agricultural Conservation Issues in the 111th Congress, July 7, 2009
• Forest Carbon Market: Potential and Drawbacks, July 3, 2009
• Trafficking in Persons: U.S. Policy and Issues for Congress, updated July 2, 2009
• The Manhattan Project, the Apollo Program, and Federal Energy Technology R&D Programs: A Comparative Analysis, updated June 30, 2009
• The U.S. Science and Technology Workforce, updated June 30, 2009
• Science, Technology, and American Diplomacy: Background and Issues for Congress, updated June 29, 2009
• Federally Funded Innovation Inducement Prizes, June 29, 2009
• Potential Farm Sector Effects of 2009 H1N1 "Swine Flu": Questions and Answers, June 24, 2009
• The Financial Crisis: Impact on and Response by The European Union, June 24, 2009
• The 2009 Influenza Pandemic: U.S. Responses to Global Human Cases, June 23, 2009
• Impeachment: An Overview of Constitutional Provisions, Procedure, and Practice, June 22, 2009
• Judge Sonia Sotomayor: Analysis of Selected Opinions, June 19, 2009
• Carbon Capture and Sequestration (CCS), June 19, 2009
• Estimates of Carbon Mitigation Potential from Agricultural and Forestry Activities, June 19, 2009
• Emergency Communications: The Future of 911, June 16, 2009
• Economic Development Assistance for Communities Affected by Employment Changes Due to Military Base Closures (BRAC), June 16, 2009
• Legislative Branch: FY2010 Appropriations, June 11, 2009
• America COMPETES Act and the FY2010 Budget, June 11, 2009
• Service by a Member of Congress in the U.S. Armed Forces Reserves, June 10, 2009
• Federal Rulemaking: The Role of the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs, June 9, 2009
• VH-71 Presidential Helicopter Program, June 9, 2009
• Geospatial Information and Geographic Information Systems (GIS): Current Issues and Future Challenges, June 8, 2009
• Supreme Court Nominations: Senate Floor Procedure and Practice, 1789-2009, updated June 5, 2009
• The President's Office of Science and Technology Policy: Issues for Congress, updated June 3, 2009
• Congressional Oversight and Related Issues Concerning International Security Agreements Concluded by the United States, June 2, 2009
• Airport Improvement Program (AIP): Reauthorization Issues for Congress, May 29, 2009
• Science and Technology Policymaking: A Primer, May 27, 2009
• Identity Theft: Trends and Issues, May 27, 2009
• Gun Control: Statutory Disclosure Limitations on ATF Firearms Trace Data and Multiple Handgun Sales Reports, May 27, 2009
• Landsat and the Data Continuity Mission, May 22, 2009
• Federal Research and Development Funding: FY2009, May 22, 2009
• Concurrent Receipt: Background and Issues for Congress, May 21, 2009
• Organized Crime in the United States: Trends and Issues for Congress, May 15, 2009
• The Federal Communications Commission: Current Structure and Its Role in the Changing Telecommunications Landscape, May 14, 2009
• The Global Financial Crisis: Increasing IMF Resources and the Role of Congress, May 14, 2009
• Military Medical Care: Questions and Answers, updated May 14, 2009
• Congressional Commissions, Committees, Boards, and Groups: Appointment Authority and Membership, May 11, 2009
• Voluntary Carbon Offsets: Overview and Assessment, May 7, 2009
• The National Nanotechnology Initiative: Overview, Reauthorization, and Appropriations Issues, May 6, 2009
• U.S. Tree Planting for Carbon Sequestration, May 4, 2009
• Banking and Financial Infrastructure Continuity: Panemic Flu, Terrorism, and Other Challenges, May 4, 2009
• Proposals for a Congressional Commission on the Financial Crisis: A Comparative Analysis, April 29, 2009
• Sending Mail to Members of the Armed Forces at Reduced or Free Postage: An Overview, April 27, 2009
• Disconnected Youth: A Look at 16- to 24-Year Olds Who Are Not Working or In School, April 22, 2009
• The U.S. Mental Health Delivery System Infrastructure: A Primer, April 21, 2009
• Federal Advisory Committees: An Overview, April 16, 2009
• Legal Analysis of Religious Exemptions for Photo Identification Requirements, April 13, 2009
• Assessment in Elementary and Secondary Education: A Primer, April 9, 2009
• The Global Financial Crisis: Foreign and Trade Policy Effects, April 7, 2009
• The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child: Background and Policy Issues, April 1, 2009
• Medical Marijuana: Review and Analysis of Federal and State Policies, March 31, 2009
• House Committee Party Ratios: 98th-111th Congresses, March 30, 2009
• U.S. Circuit and District Court Nominations: Senate Rejections and Committee Votes Other Than to Report Favorably, 1939-2009, March 24, 2009
• The Servicemembers Civil Relief Act (SCRA): Does It Provide for a Private Cause of Action?, March 23, 2009
• The Global Peace Operations Initiative: Background and Issues for Congress, updated March 19, 2009
• Ongoing Government Assistance for American International Group (AIG), March 16, 2009
• Rothe Development Corporation v. Department of Defense: The Constitutionality of Federal Contracting Programs for Minority-Owned and Other Small Businesses, March 16, 2009
• Fairness Doctrine: History and Constitutional Issues, March 11, 2009
• Carbon Tax and Greenhouse Gas Control: Options and Considerations for Congress, March 10, 2009
• Credit for Military Service Under Civilian Federal Employee Retirement Systems, March 9, 2009
• Climate Change: Current Issues and Policy Tools, March 6, 2009
• Supreme Court Appellate Jurisdiction Over Military Court Cases, updated March 5, 2009
• A Parliamentary-Style Question Period: Proposals and Issues for Congress, updated March 5, 2009
• The Arecibo Ionospheric Observatory, March 5, 2009
• The Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (EPCRA): A Summary, updated March 4, 2009
• Climate Change: Science Highlights, February 23, 2009
• The Carbon Cycle: Implications for Climate Change and Congress, February 18, 2009
• Islamic Finance: Overview and Policy Concerns, February 9, 2009
• Nanotechnology: A Policy Primer, February 7, 2009
• The Google Library Project: Is Digitization for Purposes of Online Indexing Fair Use Under Copyright Law?, February 5, 2009
• Herring v. United States: Extension of the Good-Faith Exception to the Exclusionary Rule in Fourth Amendment Cases, February 2, 2009
• U.S. Motor Vehicle Industry: Federal Financial Assistance and Restructuring, January 30, 2009
• U.S. Global Climate Change Policy: Evolving Views on Cost, Competitiveness, and Comprehensiveness, updated January 29, 2009
• Islam: Sunnis and Shiites, updated January 28, 2009
• Compulsory DNA Collection: A Fourth Amendment Analysis, updated January 23, 2009
• Economic Stimulus: Issues and Policies, January 23, 2009
• A Federal Chief Technology Officer in the Obama Administration: Options and Issues for Consideration, January 21, 2009
• The Special Inspector General (SIG) for the Troubled Assets Relief Program (TARP), January 14, 2009
• Office of the House of Representatives Inspector General, January 14, 2009
• The President's State of the Union Address: Tradition, Function, and Policy Implications, January 12, 2009
• An Overview of the Presidential Pardoning Power, January 7, 2009
• Flag Protection: A Brief History and Summary of Recent Supreme Court Decisions and Proposed Constitutional Amendment, updated January 7, 2009
• A U.S.-centric Chronology of the International Climate Change Negotiations, December 23, 2008
• Carbon Control in the U.S. Electricity Sector: Key Implementation Uncertainties, December 23, 2008
• Congressional Commissions: Overview, Structure, and Legislative Considerations, December 19, 2008
• Measuring and Monitoring Carbon in the Agricultural and Forestry Sectors, December 19, 2008
• Climate Change: Federal Laws and Policies Related to Greenhouse Gas Reductions, updated December 8, 2008
• Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Perspectives on the Top 20 Emitters and Developed Versus Developing Nations, updated November 28, 2008
• The Executive Office of the President: An Historical Overview, updated November 26, 2008
• Global Climate Change: Three Policy Perspectives, updated November 26, 2008
• Presidential Directives: Background and Overview, updated November 26, 2008
• The President-Elect: Succession and Disability Issues During the Transition Period, November 26, 2008
• Executive Branch Reorganization and Management Initiatives: A Brief Overview, updated November 26, 2008
• Federal Pollution Control Laws: How Are They Enforced?, updated November 26, 2008
• Privacy and Civil Liberties Oversight Board: New Independent Agency Status, updated November 26, 2008
• Presidential Transitions: Issues Involving Outgoing and Incoming Administrations, updated November 25, 2008
• The Emergency Economic Stabilization Act and Current Financial Turmoil: Issues and Analysis, updated November 25, 2008
• House Committee on Standards of Official Conduct: A Brief History of Its Evolution and Jurisdiction, updated November 25, 2008
• Party Leaders in the United States Congress, 1789-2009, updated November 25, 2008
• Organic Agriculture in the United States: Program and Policy Issues, updated November 25, 2008
• Containing Financial Crisis, updated November 24, 2008
• Climate Change: Design Approaches for a Greenhouse Gas Reduction Program, updated November 24, 2008
• Climate Change and the EU Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS): Kyoto and Beyond, updated November 24, 2008
• Midnight Rulemaking: Considerations for Congress and a New Administration, updated November 24, 2008
• Community Oriented Policing Services (COPS): Background, Legislation, and Issues, updated November 24, 2008
• Worker Safety in the Construction Industry: The Crane and Derrick Standard, updated November 21, 2008
• Emergency Economic Stabilization Act: Preliminary Analysis of Oversight Provisions, updated November 20, 2008
• The Motion to Recommit in the House of Representatives: Effects, Recent Trends, and Options for Change, November 20, 2008
• Nonmarital Childbearing: Trends, Reasons, and Public Policy Interventions, November 20, 2008
• Debarment and Suspension of Government Contractors: An Overview of the Law Including Recently Enacted and Proposed Amendments, November 19, 2008
• The Constitutionality of Campaign Finance Regulation: Buckley v. Valeo and Its Supreme Court Progeny, updated November 18, 2008
• Enforcement of Congressional Rules of Conduct: An Historical Overview, updated November 18, 2008
• Developments in Oil Shale, November 17, 2008
• Military Retirement: Background and Recent Developments, November 17, 2008
• Presidential Appointments to Full-Time Positions on Regulatory and Other Collegial Boards and Commissions, 109th Congress, November 14, 2008
• The Peace Corps: Current Issues, updated November 14, 2008
• Power Plants: Characteristics and Costs, November 13, 2008
• Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Legislation in the 110th Congress, updated November 13, 2008
• Expulsion and Censure Actions Taken by the Full Senate Against Members, updated November 12, 2008
• The Special Inspector General for the Troubled Asset Relief Program (SIG TARP), November 5, 2008
• Recess Appointments Made by President George W. Bush, January 20, 2001-October 31, 2008, updated November 3, 2008
• Environmental Activities of the U.S. Coast Guard, updated November 3, 2008
• Intellectual Property Rights Violations: Federal Civil Remedies and Criminal Penalties Related to Copyrights, Trademarks, and Patents, updated October 31, 2008
• Presidential Transition Act: Provisions and Funding, October 30, 2008
• Federal Civil Rights Statutes: A Primer, updated October 24, 2008
• Legislative, Executive, and Judicial Officials: Process for Adjusting Pay and Current Salaries, updated October 23, 2008
• Status of a Senator Who Has Been Indicted for or Convicted of a Felony, October 22, 2008
• Transatlantic Regulatory Cooperation: Background and Analysis, October 22, 2008
• “Political” Activities of Private Recipients of Federal Grants or Contracts, October 21, 2008
• Salary Linkage: Members of Congress and Certain Federal Executive and Judicial Officials, updated October 21, 2008
• Nominations to Article III Lower Courts by President George W. Bush During the 110th Congress, updated October 20, 2008
• Would an Influenza Pandemic Qualify as a Major Disaster Under the Stafford Act?, October 20, 2008
• Are Carbon Dioxide Emissions Rising More Rapidly Than Expected?, October 17, 2008
• Federal Personnel: Conversion of Employees from Appointed (Noncareer) Positions to Career Positions in the Executive Branch, October 14, 2008
• Financial Turmoil: Comparing the Troubled Asset Relief Program to the Federal Reserve’s Response, October 8, 2008
• Civilian Nuclear Waste Disposal, updated October 7, 2008
• Energy and Water Development: FY2009 Appropriations, updated October 6, 2008
• Administering Green Programs in Congress: Issues and Options, October 6, 2008
• Presidential Succession: Perspectives, Contemporary Analysis, and 110th Congress Proposed Legislation, October 3, 2008
• Tsunami Detection and Warnings for the United States, updated September 25, 2008
• Statutory Offices of Inspector General: Past and Present, updated September 25, 2008
• Shutdown of the Federal Government: Causes, Processes, and Effects, September 23, 2008
• Side-by-Side Comparison of Energy Tax Provisions of H.R. 6899 and S. 3478, September 18, 2008
• Net Neutrality: Background and Issues, updated September 16, 2008
• Judicial Salary: Current Issues and Options for Congress, updated September 16, 2008
• Submission of the President’s Budget in Transition Years, updated September 15, 2008
• Members of Congress Who Die in Office: Historic and Current Practices, updated September 12, 2008
• GAO: Government Accountability Office and General Accounting Office, updated September 10, 2008
• Nuclear Energy Policy, updated September 2, 2008
• Statutory Interpretation: General Principles and Recent Trends, updated August 31, 2008
• Technology Transfer: Use of Federally Funded Research and Development, updated August 25, 2008
• Former Presidents: Pensions, Office Allowances, and Other Federal Benefits, August 22, 2008
• Veterans’ Benefits: The Vocational Rehabilitation and Employment Program, August 21, 2008
• Cooperative R&D: Federal Efforts to Promote Industrial Competitiveness, updated August 20, 2008
• Capturing CO2 from Coal-Fired Power Plants: Challenges for a Comprehensive Strategy, August 15, 2008
• Nomination and Confirmation of Lower Federal Court Judges in Presidential Election Years, August 13, 2008
• Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy (ARPA-E): Background, Status, and Selected Issues for Congress, updated August 12, 2008
• Nanotechnology and Environmental, Health, and Safety: Issues for Consideration, August 6, 2008
• Congressional Influence on Rulemaking and Regulation Through Appropriations Restrictions, updated August 5, 2008
• Department of Justice (DOJ) Appropriations for FY2008 and FY2009, updated August 1, 2008
• Globalization, Worker Insecurity, and Policy Approaches, updated July 31, 2008
• Community Acceptance of Carbon Capture and Sequestration Infrastructure: Siting Challenges, July 29, 2008
• Veterans Medical Care: FY2009 Appropriations, July 29, 2008
• Annual Appropriations Acts: Consideration During Lame-Duck Sessions, July 25, 2008
• Foreign Science and Engineering Presence in U.S. Institutions and the Labor Force, updated July 23, 2008
• Holocaust-Era Insurance Claims: Background and Proposed Legislation, updated July 21, 2008
• Homosexuals and the U.S. Military: Current Issues, updated July 18, 2008
• Presidential Advisers' Testimony Before Congressional Committees: An Overview, updated July 16, 2008
• Evolution of the Senate’s Role in the Nomination and Confirmation Process: A Brief History, updated July 2, 2008
• A Brief History of Veterans' Education Benefits and Their Value, June 25, 2008
• Awards of Attorneys' Fees by Federal Courts and Federal Agencies, updated June 20, 2008
• Wind Power in the United States: Technology, Economic, and Policy Issues, June 20, 2008
• Earthquakes: Risk, Monitoring, Notification, and Research, updated June 19, 2008
• Veterans Affairs: Historical Budget Authority, Fiscal Years 1940 through 2007, June 13, 2008
• Presidential Appointments to Full-time Positions in Executive Departments During the 109th Congress, 2005-2006, June 10, 2008
• Energy Tax Policy: History and Current Issues, updated June 10, 2008
• Recent Honey Bee Colony Declines, updated May 28, 2008
• Electronic Rulemaking in the Federal Government, updated May 16, 2008
• Nanotechnology and U.S. Competitiveness: Issues and Options, May 15, 2008
• Congressional Review of Agency Rulemaking: An Update and Assessment of The Congressional Review Act after a Decade, updated May 8, 2008
• Suicide Prevention Among Veterans, May 5, 2008
• Tuberculosis: International Efforts and Issues for Congress, updated May 1, 2008
• Does Price Transparency Improve Market Efficiency? Implications of Empirical Evidence in Other Markets for the Health Sector, updated April 29, 2008
• Congress's Contempt Power: Law, History, Practice, and Procedure, updated April 15, 2008
• Congress's Contempt Power: A Sketch, updated April 15, 2008
• Can the President Compel Domestic Enforcement of an International Tribunal's Judgment? Overview of Supreme Court Decision in Medellín v. Texas, April 10, 2008
• Judicial Security: Responsibilities and Current Issues, updated April 7, 2008
• Presidential Transitions, updated February 11, 2008
• Disaster Debris Removal After Hurricane Katrina: Status and Associated Issues, updated April 2, 2008
• The REAL ID Act of 2005: Legal, Regulatory, and Implementation Issues, April 1, 2008
• International Violence Against Women: U.S. Response and Policy Issues, March 31, 2008
• Saving for College Through Qualified Tuition (Section 529) Programs, updated March 26, 2008
• Senate Select Committee on Ethics: A Brief History of Its Evolution and Jurisdiction, updated March 26, 2008
• Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Education Issues and Legislative Options, updated March 21, 2008
• Supreme Court Appointment Process: Roles of the President, Judiciary Committee, and Senate, updated March 20, 2008
• The Congressional Research Service and the American Legislative Process, updated March 19, 2008
• The Budget for Fiscal Year 2009, March 19, 2008
• Presidential Appointee Positions Requiring Senate Confirmation and Committees Handling Nominations, updated March 18, 2008
• Recess Appointments: Frequently Asked Questions, updated March 12, 2008
• Selected Laws Governing the Disclosure of Customer Phone Records by Telecommunications Carriers, March 10, 2008
• Role of Home State Senators in the Selection of Lower Federal Court Judges, March 6, 2008
• U.S. Circuit and District Court Nominations: Rejections by the Senate and Votes by the Senate Judiciary Committee Other Than To Report Favorably, 1939-2007, updated February 26, 2008
• Cybercrime: An Overview of the Federal Computer Fraud and Abuse Statute and Related Federal Criminal Laws, updated February 25, 2008
• The Social Security Number: Legal Developments Affecting Its Collection, Disclosure, and Confidentiality, updated February 21, 2008
• Asylum Law and Female Genital Mutilation: Recent Developments, February 15, 2008
• Earmarks Executive Order: Legal Issues, February 13, 2008
• “Wounded Warrior” and Veterans Provisions in the FY2008 National Defense Authorization Act, February 13, 2008
• Senate Consideration of Presidential Nominations: Committee and Floor Procedure, updated February 11, 2008
• Electronic Voting System in the House of Representatives: History and Evolution, February 11, 2008
• Veterans Affairs: Health Care and Benefits for Veterans Exposed to Agent Orange, February 11, 2008
• Election Reform and Local Election Officials: Results of Two National Surveys, updated February 7, 2008
• Veterans' Benefits: Pension Benefit Programs, February 6, 2008
• Passports: Current Regulations, February 5, 2008
• Federalism, State Sovereignty and the Constitution: Basis and Limits of Congressional Power, updated February 1, 2008
• Agricultural Research, Extension, and Education: Farm Bill Issues, February 1, 2008
• The Quasi Government: Hybrid Organizations with Both Government and Private Sector Legal Characteristics, updated January 31, 2008
• Foreign Students in the United States: Policies and Legislation, updated January 31, 2008
• Temporarily Filling Presidentially Appointed, Senate-Confirmed Positions, updated January 25, 2008
• The Islamic Traditions of Wahhabism and Salafiyya, updated January 24, 2008
• Islamic Religious Schools, Madrasas: Background, updated January 23, 2008
• Judicial Security: Comparison of Legislation in the 110th Congress, updated January 23, 2008
• The Federal Grand Jury, updated January 22, 2008
• Statutory Qualifications for Executive Branch Positions, updated January 22, 2008
• Engineered Nanoscale Materials and Derivative Products: Regulatory Challenges, January 22, 2008
• North American Oil Sands: History of Development, Prospects for the Future, updated January 17, 2008
• Supreme Court Nominations Not Confirmed, 1789-2007, updated January 9, 2008
• Direct Assaults Against Presidents, Presidents-Elect, and Candidates, updated January 7, 2008
• How Crime in the United States Is Measured, January 3, 2008
• Avian Flu Pandemic: Potential Impact of Trade Disruptions, updated January 3, 2008
• Perjury Under Federal Law: A Brief Overview, updated December 27, 2007
• Obstruction of Congress: a Brief Overview of Federal Law Relating to Interference with Congressional Activities, December 27, 2007
• Obstruction of Justice: an Overview of Some of the Federal Statutes that Prohibit Interference with Judicial, Executive, or Legislative Activities, December 27, 2007
• Obstruction of Justice: An Abridged Overview of Related Federal Criminal Laws, December 27, 2007
• Proposals to Reform “Holds” in the Senate, updated December 20, 2007
• Smart Grid Provisions in H.R. 6, 110th Congress, updated December 20, 2007
• Side-by-Side Comparison of Climate Change Provisions in Omnibus Energy Legislation in the 110th Congress, updated December 14, 2007
• Federal Tort Claims Act, updated December 11, 2007
• Congressional Franking Privilege: Background and Current Legislation, December 11, 2007
• Entering the Executive Branch of Government: Potential Conflicts of Interest With Previous Employments and Affiliations, updated December 11, 2007
• Franking Privilege: Historical Development and Options for Change, December 5, 2007
• Medal of Honor Recipients: 1979-2007, updated November 13, 2007
• Crop Insurance and Disaster Assistance: 2007 Farm Bill Issues, October 15, 2007
• Servicemembers Civil Relief Act: Proposed Amendments in the 110th Congress, October 10, 2007
• The Endangered Species Act (ESA) in the 110th Congress: Conflicting Values and Difficult Choices, October 10, 2007
• Status of a Member of the House Who Has Been Indicted for or Convicted of a Felony, updated October 5, 2007
• Burning Crosses, Hangman's Nooses, and the Like: State Statutes That Proscribe the Use of Symbols of Fear and Violence with the Intent to Threaten, October 5, 2007
• Congressional Investigations of the Department of Justice, 1920-2007: History, Law, and Practice, October 3, 2007
• Senate Rules Changes in the 110th Congress Affecting Restrictions on the Content of Conference Reports, October 3, 2007
• Federal Research and Development Funding: FY2008, updated September 20, 2007
• The Public Health and Medical Response to Disasters: Federal Authority and Funding, September 19, 2007
• Statutory Inspectors General: Legislative Developments and Legal Issues, September 18, 2007
• “Revolving Door,” Post-Employment Laws for Federal Personnel, updated September 17, 2007
• U.S. International HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria Spending: FY2004-FY2008, updated September 11, 2007
• Extraterritorial Application of American Criminal Law, updated September 10, 2007
• The Role of National Oil Companies in the International Oil Market, August 21, 2007
• Walter Reed Army Medical Center (WRAMC) and Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Circular A-76: Implications for the Future, August 21, 2007
• Extradition To and From the United States: Overview of the Law and Recent Treaties, updated August 3, 2007
• Military Construction, Veterans Affairs, and Related Agencies: FY2008 Appropriations, updated August 2, 2007
• Manipulating Molecules: Federal Support for Nanotechnology Research, updated August 2, 2007
• Industrial Competitiveness and Technological Advancement: Debate Over Government Policy, updated August 1, 2007
• Capital Punishment Overview: 2006-2007 Term of the Supreme Court, July 20, 2007
• Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies: FY2008 Appropriations, July 20, 2007
• Financial Services and General Government (FSGG): FY2008 Appropriations, updated July 20, 2007
• Constitutional Limits on Punitive Damages Awards: An Analysis of the Supreme Court Case Philip Morris USA v. Williams, updated July 17, 2007
• Energy and Water Development: FY2008 Appropriations, updated July 13, 2007
• Federal Prison Industries, updated July 13, 2007
• Clinical Trials Reporting and Publication, updated July 12, 2007
• Internet Search Engines: Copyright's "Fair Use" in Reproduction and Public Display Rights, updated July 12, 2007
• Recess Appointments: A Legal Overview, updated July 11, 2007
• Federal Sentencing Guidelines: Background, Legal Analysis, and Policy Options, updated June 30, 2007
• Trafficking in Persons: U.S. Policy and Issues for Congress, updated June 20, 2007
• Regular Vetoes and Pocket Vetoes: An Overview, June 18, 2007
• Federal Crime Control: Background, Legislation, and Issues, updated June 12, 2007
• "No Confidence" Votes and Other Forms of Congressional Censure of Public Officials, June 11, 2007
• Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis (XDR-TB): Quarantine and Isolation, June 5, 2007
• Veterans and Homelessness, May 31, 2007
• Tsunamis: Monitoring, Detection, and Early Warning Systems, updated May 10, 2007
• Crime and Forfeiture, updated May 9, 2007
• Data Security Breaches: Context and Incident Summaries, updated May 7, 2007
• National Science Foundation: Major Research Equipment and Facility Construction, updated May 4, 2007
• Climate Change: Science and Policy Implications, updated May 2, 2007
• Congressional Oversight Manual, updated May 1, 2007
• Arsenic in Drinking Water: Regulatory Developments and Issues, updated May 1, 2007
• Science, Engineering, and Mathematics Education: Status and Issues, updated April 23, 2007
• Government-Sponsored Enterprises (GSEs): An Institutional Overview, updated April 23, 2007
• Stem Cell Research: Federal Research Funding and Oversight, updated April 18, 2007
• The Speech or Debate Clause: Recent Developments, updated April 17, 2007
• Greenhouse Gas Reductions: California Action and the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative, April 13, 2007
• Speechwriting in Perspective: A Brief Guide to Effective and Persuasive Communication, April 12, 2007
• Statutes of Limitation in Federal Criminal Cases: An Overview, updated April 9, 2007
• Environmental Impacts of Airport Operations, Maintenance, and Expansion, April 5, 2007
• Opening of the International Tracing Service's Holocaust-Era Archives in Bad Arolsen, Germany, April 5, 2007
• Polar Bears: Proposed Listing Under the Endangered Species Act, updated March 30, 2007
• Federal Advisory Committees: A Primer, updated March 20, 2007
• Trade Agreements: Impact on the U.S. Economy, updated March 15, 2007
• Nuclear Power: Outlook for New U.S. Reactors, updated March 9, 2007
• The Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act: Background and Issues, updated March 8, 2007
• Energy Policy: Conceptual Framework and Continuing Issues, updated March 7, 2007
• Tracking Current Federal Legislation and Regulations: A Guide to Resources, February 28, 2007
• Airport Improvement Program: Issues for Congress, February 26, 2007
• Pandemic Influenza: Domestic Preparedness Efforts, updated February 20, 2007
• Pages of the United States Congress: History, Background Information, and Proposals for Change, updated February 6, 2007
• Changes to the OMB Regulatory Review Process by Executive Order 13422, February 5, 2007
• The Federal Government Debt: Its Size and Economic Significance, updated January 25, 2007
• U.S. National Science Foundation: An Overview, updated January 24, 2007
• The Economics of the Federal Budget Deficit, updated January 24, 2007
• Speed of Presidential and Senate Actions on Supreme Court Nominations, 1900-2006, updated January 24, 2007
• U.S. Circuit and District Court Nominations by President George W. Bush During the 107th-109th Congresses, updated January 23, 2007
• Federal and State Quarantine and Isolation Authority, updated January 23, 2007
• Pandemic Influenza: Appropriations for Public Health Preparedness and Response, January 23, 2007
• The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, updated January 19, 2007
• The Endangered Species Act and "Sound Science", updated January 8, 2007
• Countries of the World and International Organizations: Sources of Information, updated January 8, 2007
• Russian Natural Gas: Regional Dependence, January 5, 2007
• Privatization and the Federal Government: An Introduction, December 28, 2006
• Veterans Affairs: The U.S. Court of Appeals for Veterans Claims — Judicial Review of VA Decision Making, December 27, 2006
• Incapacity of a Member of the Senate, December 15, 2006
• The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW): Congressional Issues, updated December 14, 2006
• Radioactive Waste Streams: Waste Classification for Disposal, updated December 13, 2006
• An Overview of the Presidential Pardoning Power, updated December 12, 2006
• The WTO, Intellectual Property Rights, and the Access to Medicines Controversy, updated December 12, 2006
• Natural Gas Markets in 2006, updated December 12, 2006
• Mad Cow Disease and U.S. Beef Trade, updated December 6, 2006
• U.S. Foreign Trade in Services: Definition, Patterns and Policy Challenges, updated December 5, 2006
• The Foreign Service and a New Worldwide Compensation System, updated November 16, 2006
• U.S. International Borders: Brief Facts, updated November 9, 2006
• Federal R&D Funding Under a Continuing Resolution, October 31, 2006
• Veterans' Health Care Issues in the 109th Congress, updated October 26, 2006
• The National Institutes of Health (NIH): Organization, Funding, and Congressional Issues, October 19, 2006
• Extradition Between the United States and Great Britain: The 2003 Treaty, updated October 10, 2006
• Federal Research and Development Funding: FY2007, updated October 10, 2006
• Pages of the United States Congress: Selection, Duties, and Program Administration, updated October 4, 2006
• Supreme Court Nominations, 1789 - 2006: Actions by the Senate, the Judiciary Committee, and the President, updated September 15, 2006
• Science and Technology Policy: Issues for the 109th Congress, updated September 1, 2006
• Steel: Price and Policy Issues, updated August 31, 2006
• U.S. Policy Regarding the International Criminal Court, updated August 29, 2006
• Legal Developments in International Civil Aviation, updated August 25, 2006
• Free Mail for Troops Overseas, updated August 22, 2006
• Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Legislation in the 109th Congress, updated August 14, 2006
• Commission on the Accountability and Review of Federal Agencies (CARFA): A Brief Overview of Legislative Proposals, updated July 21, 2006
• Human Cloning, updated July 20, 2006
• Changing Postal ZIP Code Boundaries, June 23, 2006
• An Overview and Funding History of Select Department of Justice (DOJ) Grant Programs, June 23, 2006
• The Changing Demographic Profile of the United States, updated May 5, 2006
• U.S. and International Responses to the Global Spread of Avian Flu: Issues for Congress, updated May 1, 2006
• Federal Habeas Corpus: An Abridged Sketch, April 28, 2006
• Federal Habeas Corpus: A Brief Legal Overview, April 26, 2006
• Line Item Veto: A Constitutional Analysis of Recent Proposals, April 17, 2006
• Oil Shale: History, Incentives, and Policy, April 13, 2006
• Patent Reform: Issues in the Biomedical and Software Industries, April 7, 2006
• Immigration Enforcement Within the United States, April 6, 2006
• China's Impact on the U.S. Automotive Industry, April 4, 2006
• Lobbying, Ethics and Related Procedural Reforms: Comparison of Current Provisions of S. 2349 and H.R. 4975, March 23, 2006
• Lobbying and Related Reform Proposals: Consideration of Selected Measures, 109th Congress, updated March 23, 2006
• Lobbying Disclosure and Ethics Proposals Related to Lobbying Introduced in the 109th Congress: A Comparative Analysis, updated March 23, 2006
• Lobbying Reform: Background and Legislative Proposals, 109th Congress, updated March 23, 2006
• The Congressional Charter of the American National Red Cross: Overview, History, and Analysis, March 15, 2006
• Global Climate Change: Federal Research on Possible Human Health Effects, updated February 10, 2006
• Spectrum Policy: Public Safety and Wireless Communications Interference, updated February 6, 2006
• Conducting Foreign Relations Without Authority: The Logan Act, February 1, 2006
• Earmarks in Appropriation Acts: FY1994, FY1996, FY1998, FY2000, FY2002, FY2004, FY2005, January 26, 2006
• Congressional Oversight, updated January 3, 2006
• Disaster Response and Appointment of a Recovery Czar: The Executive Branch's Response to the Flood of 1927, October 25, 2005
• Emergency Supplemental Appropriations for Hurricane Katrina Relief, September 7, 2005
• Hurricane Katrina: Fishing and Aquaculture Industries — Damage and Recovery, September 7, 2005
• Oil and Gas: Supply Issues After Katrina, updated September 6, 2005
• New Orleans Levees and Floodwalls: Hurricane Damage Protection, September 6, 2005
• Price Increases in the Aftermath of Hurricane Katrina: Authority to Limit Price Gouging, September 2, 2005
• Disaster Evacuation and Displacement Policy: Issues for Congress, September 2, 2005
• Tax Deductions for Catastrophic Risk Insurance Reserves: Explanation and Economic Analysis, September 2, 2005
• Agricultural Disaster Assistance, updated August 29, 2005
• Congressional or Federal Charters: Overview and Current Issues, August 25, 2005
• Postal Reform Bills: A Side-by-Side Comparison of H.R. 22 and S. 662, updated August 4, 2005
• Black Members of the United States Congress: 1870-2005, updated August 4, 2005
• Hemp as an Agricultural Commodity, updated July 8, 2005
• Privacy and Civil Liberties Oversight Board: 109th Congress Proposed Refinements, updated July 1, 2005
• Federal Flood Insurance: The Repetitive Loss Problem, June 30, 2005
• Judicial Recess Appointments: A Legal Overview, June 30, 2005
• Presidential Succession: An Overview with Analysis of Legislation Proposed in the 109th Congress, June 29, 2005
• Women in the United States Congress: 1917-2005, updated June 21, 2005
• Structure and Functions of The Federal Reserve System, updated June 15, 2005
• Constitutionality of a Senate Filibuster of a Judicial Nomination, updated June 14, 2005
• World Oil Demand and its Effect on Oil Prices, updated June 9, 2005
• Drug Control: International Policy and Approaches, updated June 7, 2005
• Federal Protection for Human Research Subjects: An Analysis of the Common Rule and Its Interactions with FDA Regulations and the HIPAA Privacy Rule, updated June 2, 2005
• War on Drugs: Reauthorization of the Office of National Drug Control Policy, updated June 1, 2005
• Strategic Petroleum Reserve, updated May 31, 2005
• Membership of the 109th Congress: A Profile, updated May 31, 2005
• Homelessness: Recent Statistics, Targeted Federal Programs, and Recent Legislation, updated May 31, 2005
• Congressional Oversight of Judges and Justices, May 31, 2005
• D-Day: The French Jubilee of Liberty Medal and the 60th Anniversary Commemoration on June 6, 2004, and Events for June 6, 2005, updated May 27, 2005
• Consular Identification Cards: Domestic and Foreign Policy Implications, the Mexican Case, and Related Legislation, updated May 26, 2005
• Implications of the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations upon the Regulation of Consular Identification Cards, updated May 23, 2005
• Technology Assessment in Congress: History and Legislative Options, updated May 20, 2005
• Vaccine Policy Issues, updated May 19, 2005
• Parliament and Congress: A Brief Comparison of the British House of Commons and the U.S. House of Representatives, updated May 19, 2005
• International Government-Procurement Obligations of the United States: An Overview, updated May 17, 2005
• Congressional Authority Over the Federal Courts, May 16, 2005
• FY2005 Supplemental Appropriations for Iraq and Afghanistan, Tsunami Relief, and Other Activities, updated May 12, 2005
• Gun Legislation in the 109th Congress, updated May 6, 2005
• U.S. Immigration Policy on Asylum Seekers, updated May 5, 2005
• Ocean Commissions: Ocean Policy Review and Outlook, updated May 5, 2005
• Military Medical Care Services: Questions and Answers, updated May 5, 2005
• The Federal Networking and Information Technology Research and Development Program: Funding Issues and Activities, updated May 2, 2005
• International Food Aid: U.S. and Other Donor Contributions, updated May 2, 2005
• U.S. Direct Investment Abroad: Trends and Current Issues, updated April 29, 2005
• The National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA): Budget, Programs, and Issues, updated April 11, 2005
• Tsunamis and Earthquakes: Is Federal Disaster Insurance in our Future?, April 6, 2005
• Detention of American Citizens as Enemy Combatants, updated March 31, 2005
• The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria: Background and Current Issues, updated March 24, 2005
• Foreign Direct Investment in the United States: An Economic Analysis, updated March 23, 2005
• Social Security Reform, updated March 23, 2005
• Federal Research and Development: Budgeting and Priority-Setting Issues, 109th Congress, updated March 22, 2005
• Public Relations and Propaganda: Restrictions on Executive Agency Activities, updated March 21, 2005
• Judicial Discipline Process: An Overview, March 18, 2005
• The World Bank: Changing Leadership and Issues for the United States and Congress, updated March 17, 2005
• Federal Research and Development Funding: FY2006, March 14, 2005
• Appropriations Subcommittee Structure: History of Changes from 1920-2005, updated March 9, 2005
• Exempting Food and Agriculture Products from U.S. Economic Sanctions: Status and Implementation, updated February 25, 2005
• Industrial Competitiveness and Technological Advancement: Debate Over Government Policy, updated February 11, 2005
• U.N. Convention Against Torture (CAT): Overview and Application to Interrogation Techniques, updated February 10, 2005
• Islam in South and Southeast Asia, updated February 8, 2005
• Islam: A Primer, February 19, 2003
• U.S. Public Diplomacy: Background and the 9/11 Commission Recommendations, updated February 4, 2005
• The Economics of the Federal Budget Deficit, updated January 28, 2005
• National Security Education Program: Background and Issues, updated January 21, 2005
• Mandatory Vaccinations: Precedent and Current Laws, updated January 18, 2005
• Capital Punishment: An Overview of Federal Death Penalty Statutes, updated January 5, 2005
• Internet: An Overview of Key Technology Policy Issues Affecting Its Use and Growth, updated December 29, 2004
• Current Economic Conditions and Selected Forecasts, updated November 15, 2004
• Emergency Communications: The Emergency Alert System (EAS) and All-Hazard Warnings, updated November 12, 2004
• Scientific Research and the Experimental Use Privilege in Patent Law, October 28, 2004
• Postponement and Rescheduling of Elections to Federal Office, October 4, 2004
• Presidential and Vice Presidential Succession: Overview and Current Legislation, updated September 27, 2004
• State Election Laws: Overview of Statutes Regarding Emergency Election Postponement Within the State, September 22, 2004
• The Multi-State Anti-Terrorism Information Exchange (MATRIX) Pilot Project, August 18, 2004
• 9/11 Commission Recommendations: A Civil Liberties Oversight Board, August 9, 2004
• Executive Branch Power to Postpone Elections, July 14, 2004
• Federal Budget Process Reform: A Brief Overview, updated July 8, 2004
• The Federal Networking and Information Technology Research and Development Program: Funding Issues and Activities, updated July 1, 2004
• Same-Sex Marriages: Legal Issues, September 24, 2004
• Regulation of Broadcast Indecency: Background and Legal Analysis, updated September 28, 2004
• Flat Tax Proposals and Fundamental Tax Reform: An Overview, updated September 30, 2004
• American National Government: An Overview, updated May 20, 2004
• The Strategic Petroleum Reserve: Possible Effects on Gasoline Prices of Selected Fill Policies, updated September 27, 2004
• Energy: Useful Facts and Numbers, updated March 18, 2004
• The Electoral College: How It Works in Contemporary Presidential Elections, updated September 8, 2003
• Information Warfare and Cyberwar: Capabilities and Related Policy Issues, updated July 19, 2004
• Military Tribunals: Historical Patterns and Lessons, July 9, 2004
• Immigration-Related Detention: Current Legislative Issues, April 28, 2004
• Computer Security: A Summary of Selected Federal Laws, Executive Orders, and Presidential Directives, April 16, 2004
• Congressional Intervention in the Administrative Process: Legal and Ethical Considerations, September 25, 2003
• The Economic Effects of 9/11: A Retrospective Assessment, September 27, 2002
• Unmanned Aerial Vehicles: Background and Issues for Congress, April 25, 2003
• Congressional Investigations: Subpoenas and Contempt Power, April 2, 2003
• Electronic Congress: Proposals and Issues, updated July 2, 2002
• Military Transformation: Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance, updated January 17, 2003
• Military Tribunals: The Quirin Precedent, March 26, 2002
• Fair Use on the Internet, May 21, 2002
• Investigative Oversight: An Introduction to the Law, Practice and Procedure of Congressional Inquiry, April 7, 1995

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