DEFENSE TECHNOLOGY AREA PLANS
CHEMICAL, BIOLOGICAL DEFENSE AND NUCLEAR




CB-01-10-D Integrated Biodetection ATD. By FY97, demonstrate biological point detection of biological agents using technologies such as DNA Probes, electrospray mass spectrometry, planar waveguides, and flow cytometry with more stable reagents and simpler identification chemistry. These technologies will provide an order-of-magnitude enhanced sensitivity to toxins and add a virus identification capability while providing significantly improved logistics, such as 10-fold increase in response times, trainable algorithms, 5x size/weight reductions, and increased environmental operating range. Also by FY98, demonstrate early warning biological agent detection and identification using technologies such as vibrational circular dichroism, Mueller matrix scattering, and the application of near-infrared and ultraviolet laser light scattering. By FY99, products will be demonstrated separately and as an integrated entry in future Battle Lab advanced warfighting experiments. Also by FY98, develop a combinatorial genetic super library for rapid selection of clones which produce high affinity antibodies against any potential biological threat agent. Antibody selection and products would be completed in weeks, rather than a year, at a 90% cost reduction and with far more flexibility than is possible with conventional testing.

Supports: Joint Service Biological Point Detection System (J-BPDS) and Joint Service Biological Standoff Detector System (J-BSDS).

Svc/Agency POC: USD(A&T) POC: Customer POC:
Denise Pobedinsky
SARD-TT
(703) 614-7298
Dr. Sal Bosco
ODATSD(CBM)
(703) 602-5620
LTC Jim Hansen
JPO-BD
(703) 681-3468


Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

FY96
FY97
FY98
FY99
FY00
FY01
Total
13.1
14.6
15.5
15.8
0
0




CB-02-10-D Joint Warning and Reporting Network (JWARN). By FY00, demonstrate hardware and software to bring sensor information into the C4I system. This will provide commanders the situational awareness on current/projected chemical/biological warfare threats made available from the integration of sensor data to geographical and meteorological data and threat models. The network can be rapidly updated with the latest intelligence data. By FY98, identify, test, and characterize hardware and software required to provide the bridge from the warfare agent sensors to the C4I system. Using FY96 capabilities of MICAD, HAZWARN and VLSTRACK as the baseline, JWARN will have 10 to 100 fold increase in data telemetry (manipulation and transmission) capabilities and a threat model that can display the current status of threat along with a time-projection that is updated continuous with new sensor, geographical, meteorological, and intelligence data. By FY99, integration of hardware and software between the sensors and the C4I system through the use of an artificial intelligence that can statistical correlate and filter all the incoming data.

Svc/Agency POC: USD(A&T) POC: Customer POC:
Denise Pobedinsky
SARD-TT
(703) 614-7298
Dr. Sal Bosco
ODATSD(CBM)
(703) 602-5620
LTC Paul Short
JSIG
(205) 848-4070


Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

FY96
FY97
FY98
FY99
FY00
FY01
Total
--
0.3
0.7
0.7
2.1
2.2



CB-03-10-D Integrated Chemical and Biological Sensor Suite. By FY03, demonstrate chemical and biological point, and chemical standoff sensor technologies for use in unmanned vehicles (air and ground). This demonstration will identify the sensor technologies that will be used to make up the various sensor suite packages that will be utilized in the unmanned vehicles. The suite configuration will be determined by payload size and power requirements. Each candidate sensor will be configured in modular form to provide for rapid assembly (under 30 minutes) into the appropriate sensor suite configuration depending on the need and vehicle platform. By FY04, test and characterize capabilities of sensor systems on unmanned vehicles. A database of sensor module capabilities and characteristics will provide the user the optimal sensor suite configuration to meet his needs balanced against the unmanned platform capabilities. By FY05, delivery of a completed sensor suite package. Demonstrate the range of sensor configurations in the unmanned vehicles. By FY06, addition of bio standoff capabilities to the sensor suite package.

Svc/Agency POC: USD(A&T) POC: Customer POC:
Denise Pobedinsky
SARD-TT
(703) 614-7298
Dr. Sal Bosco
ODATSD(CBM)
(703) 602-5620
PM Unmanned Ground Vehicles
and PM Unmanned Aerial Vehicles


Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

FY96
FY97
FY98
FY99
FY00
FY01
Total
--
0.9
1.3
1.3
2.6
2.7



CB-04-10-D Joint Service Chemical Miniature Agent Detector (JSCMAD). By FY98, demonstrate breadboards for a pocket sized chemical agent detector based on technologies such as ion mobility spectrometry or surface acoustic wave sensors. By FY99, complete design for a small lightweight personal detector and begin building a brassboard. By FY00, deliver completed brassboard for testing and characterization. The small lightweight personal safety monitor will be capable of detection at less than incapacitating levels for nerve, blister, and choking agents, usable for 72 hour operations, weigh less than 2 lbs, fit inside battledress pockets, and have archival capabilities. By FY01, transition to 6.5 engineering manufacturing development (EMD) finalized brassboard system. This effort will provide for a range of Joint Service applications including early chemical detection and warning for personal safety, monitors for low level contamination of interiors of aircraft, ships, ground vehicles, and facilities and contaminated water, and as deployable remote sensors.

Supports: 21st Century Land Warrior, the GEN II Soldier ATD, Aircraft Interior Detector, and Shipboard Chemical Agent Monitor, Portable.

Svc/Agency POC: USD(A&T) POC: Customer POC:
MG Richard Paul
USAF AFMC/ST
(513) 257-6977
Dr. Sal Bosco
ODATSD(CBM)
(703) 602-5620
Dennis Struck
USAF AMC/XPQS
DSN 576-3908


Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

FY96
FY97
FY98
FY99
FY00
FY01
Total
1.8
1.4
3.1
4.0
0
0




CB-06-12-D Advanced Lightweight Chemical Protection. By the end of FY96, demonstrate the technical feasibility of eliminating/reducing carbon in the chemical protective ensemble through the use of advanced semipermeable membrane technology. The resulting advanced material system will be 20% lighter in weight than the standard FY96 battle dress overgarment material system, allow selective permeation of moisture while preventing passage of common vesicant agent, provide protection against penetration by toxic agents in aerosolized form, and provide at least the current level of protection against other toxic vapors and liquids. By the end of FY98, demonstrate via Dismounted Battlespace Battle Lab (DBBL) warfighting experiment and JSLIST II, the efficacy and durability of novel, lightweight chemical protective garments and clothing systems utilizing these agent impermeable membranes.

By FY98, develop and conduct physiological testing of a series of microencapsulated phase change materials (Micro PCMs). By FY99, conduct evaluations of MicroPCMs for use under chemical warfare overgarments for microclimate cooling and, with a different formulation, for microclimate heating. By FY01, Micro PCMs will be bonded to selected garments for field evaluation.

Supports: 21st Century Land Warrior, Air Warrior, Crew Warrior, Joint Service Lightweight Integrated Suit Technology II (JSLIST II), Advanced DevelopmentÑClothing and Equipment; Engineering Development--Clothing and Equipment.

Svc/Agency POC: USD(A&T) POC: Customer POC:
Bill Brower
SARD-TT
(703) 697-8432
Dr. Sal Bosco
ODATSD(CBM)
(703) 602-5620
LTC Paul Short
JSIG
(205) 848-4070
Joe Brumfield
NSWC
(703)653-8414
MAJ John Ensor
DBBL
(706) 545-5988


Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

FY96
FY97
FY98
FY99
FY00
FY01
Total
0.8
0.9
1.2
0.6
0.5
0




CB-07-10-D Laser Standoff Chemical Detection Technology. By FY99, reduce the size of the Joint Service Chemical Warning and Identification LIDAR Detector (JSCWILD) to a 2 cubic ft (40% reduction) hardened package. By FY03, demonstrate a JSCWILD brassboard with sufficient laser power and detector sensitivity to detect chemical agents at a distance of 20 km (400% increase from FY96 baseline). By FY04, demonstrate a brassboard with a wide band frequency agile laser in a compact package that can scan using multiple frequencies that is capable of detecting both chemical and biological agent. By FY07, reduce the size and weight of the integrated chemical biological LIDAR system by 60% in comparison to the current state of the art in FY97.

Supports: Joint Service Chemical Warning & Identification LIDAR Detector (JSWILD), Joint Service NBC Reconnaissance System (JSNBCRS), and Airbase and Shipboard Chemical and Biological Defense

Svc/Agency POC: USD(A&T) POC: Customer POC:
Denise Pobedinsky
SARD-TT
(703) 614-7298
Dr. Sal Bosco
ODATSD(CBM)
(703) 602-5620
LTC Paul Short
JSIG
(205) 848-4070


Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

FY96
FY97
FY98
FY99
FY00
FY01
Total
1.3
0.5
0.8
0.8
8.7
7.9




CB-08-12-D Advanced Agent Filtration. Develop and demonstrate, using enhanced adsorbent and aerosol filtration technology, a light-weight, low-profile, low-resistance filter for future joint service respirator systems (i.e., RESPO 21 mask). In FY98, demonstrate form, fit, and function of a candidate filter design for incorporation into advanced mask prototypes capable of meeting C2 canister agent vapor and aerosol filtration requirements. In FY99, demonstrate a mask filter prototype capable of providing full-threat NBC protection while offering a 50% reduction in airflow resistance and a 33% reduction in overall size. By FY02, demonstrate a non-carbon based or self-decontaminating carbon chemical warfare agent vapor filtration system suitable for military collective and individual protection applications such as hospital shelters, ships, aircraft, armored vehicles, chemical warfare agent incinerator pollution abatement filters, and individual respirators. A non-carbon vapor filter element will eliminate any possibility of filter fire caused by upsets to other components of the environmental control sub-system, while retaining or improving the present chemical warfare agent protection properties of ASZM-T carbon. Several potential system concepts will be developed based on screening of candidate adsorbent materials, engineering design model development and trade studies. By FY04, demonstrate a total or partial replacement of the current adsorbent, ASZM-T carbon, using a modified collective protection filter integrated with an application such as armored vehicle or shelter.

Svc/Agency POC: USD(A&T) POC: Customer POC:
Denise Pobedinsky
SARD
(703) 614-7298
Dr. Sal Bosco
ODATSD(CBM)
(703) 602-5620
LTC Paul Short
JSIG
(205) 848-4070
Michael Parker
JSMG
PM Chemical Demilitarization
(410) 671-4364


Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

FY96
FY97
FY98
FY99
FY00
FY01
Total
3.1
3.1
3.0
3.1
4.1
4.5




CB-09-12-D Decontamination for Global Reach. By FY97, determine the feasibility for large area decontamination and evaluate the need for decontamination of any validated chemical and biological threat agents at fixed sites, such as airfields, naval bases and depots, as well as civilian areas. By the end of FY02, demonstrate efficacy of enzymatic decontamination system for G and V-type nerve agents in foam based dispersion systems. By the end of FY03, identify a system that can be utilized to decontaminate Mustard (HD) and biological warfare agents. In FY04-05, incorporate the HD and biological warfare agent system into the foam matrix with enzymes identified for G and V-type agents. Develop, characterize and optimize the system for efficiency. During FY06, demonstrate the efficacy of the multi-agent decontamination system against a spectrum of CB agents.

Svc/Agency POC: USD(A&T) POC: Customer POC:
Denise Pobedinsky
SARD-TT
(703) 614-7298
Dr. Sal Bosco
ODATSD(CBM)
(703) 602-5620
LTC Paul Short
JSIG
(205) 848-4070
LTC Jim Hansen
JPO-BD
(703) 681-3468
COL Rick Jackson
USACMLS
(205) 848-


Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

FY96
FY97
FY98
FY99
FY00
FY01
Total
0.2
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
4.6




CB-10-07-H Nuclear Technology Development. In accordance with Presidential Decision Directive 15 and other national and Departmental guidance, develop the technologies needed to supplant nuclear testing and thus (1) ensure warranted confidence in the safety, security and effectiveness of the Nuclear Posture Review stockpile, and (2) validate system survivability/operability in the threat environments produced by proliferant weapons. Technology development/assessment focuses will include; collaboration with DOE labs for simulation of effects, achieving capability in system-scale effects simulation by increasing available fluence area products 400%, implementing major improvements in x-ray fidelity, improvements in plasma sources, a factor of 10 increase in debris-free soft x-ray testing, and a 50% increase in power flow efficiency and control for pulsed power sources. By FY96, deploy DoD stockpile revalidation teams to DOE physics labs and accomplish IOC for Large Blast/Thermal Simulator. By FY97, develop non-ideal airblast simulation capability at LB/TS and complete safety assessment for strategic aircraft. By FY98, transition new nuclear system physical security technologies to Air Force and Army and bring first quadrant of DECADE radiation simulator on-line (assuming favorable FY96 decision). Collaborate with DOE on stockpile revalidation through FY05. Credible nuclear capabilities are needed for accomplishment of JWSTP Counterproliferation and other objectives.

Svc/Agency POC: USD(A&T) POC: Customer POC:
RADM Weiss
DNA
(703) 325-7066
Dr. Smith
ATSD(AE)
(703) 697-5161
Presidential Guidance for
revalidation and effects simulation
capabilities; Chairman, JCS for
revalidation/ certification;
development system-specific
customers for survivability
validation and physical security
Mrs. Pierre
DNA
(703) 325-7302
Mr. Holm
DNA
(703) 325-0818


Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

FY96
FY97
FY98
FY99
FY00
FY01
Total
53.9
50.2
55.9
52.9
49.9
48.2




CB-11-07-H Planning Systems for Contingencies Involving Proliferants. Develop and transfer to operational commands a suite of automated planning support systems responsive to warfighter requirements for operational planning and targeting assessments in contingencies involving WMD proliferant antagonists. By FY98, complete transfer of new planning systems to NATO. Commencing in FY96, implement direct technical modeling and simulation center responsive to CINC requirements, and initiate development of Intelligent Target Interface and NATO nuclear planning system trainer project; automate JCS nuclear targeting publication Joint Pub. 3-12.2, giving particular emphasis to minimization of collateral effects and maximizing survivability of deployed forces. Effort responds to Joint Warfighting S&T Plan Counterproliferation and Precision Force objectives by significantly improving warfighters' capabilities for assessing attack options and collateral hazards during contingency planning and operations. SHAPE support is responsive to Joint Readiness objectives. Customer feedback concerning responsiveness to customer-defined requirements is the primary measure-of-effectiveness. Program develops previously unavailable tools for new types of contingencies to enable precision targeting with minimal collateral effects. A primary technical challenge is to develop, validate (with customers), and implement automated planning support systems responsive to new contingency requirements, notably the need for precision delivery of limited numbers of munitions, and the emphasis given to prediction and minimization of collateral hazards.

Svc/Agency POC: USD(A&T) POC: Customer POC:
Mr. McFarland
DNA
(703) 325-7115
Dr. Smith
ATSD(AE)
(703) 697-5161
JCS/J-5, Nuclear Division;
USSTRATCOM, J-5; NATO,
Director, Nuclear Planning,
International Staff
COL Ford
USANCA
Mr. Anderson
DNA
(703) 325-1248
Mr. Holm
DNA
(703) 325-0818


Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

FY96
FY97
FY98
FY99
FY00
FY01
Total
8.9
11.7
13.7
15.8
16.0
16.8




CB-12-01-H Electronic System Radiation Hardening. Develop enabling technology to provide the means to produce affordable state-of-the-art radiation hardened microelectronics to enable DoD systems to survive and perform their mission in natural and nuclear weapons generated radiation environments. This program is the only DoD source of enabling technology for highly integrated and high performance microelectronics capable of withstanding the very severe radiation environments associated with nuclear threats. Program addresses the continuous need for missile and space systems to have increased information processing capability within size, weight, survivability and cost constraints. This is accomplished through use of static random access memories (SRAM) as the technology demonstration vehicle for the enabling technology to produce a broad range of radiation hardened digital and analog microelectronics.

Specific technology objectives include: by FY98, demonstrate, test, and evaluate radiation hardened silicon-on-insulator analog microelectronics, allowing a 5 times reduction in the size and weight of sensor electronics; by FY99 demonstrate prototype radiation hardened 4 M SRAM technology for a factor of 16 improvement in power and weight; by FY00, demonstrate the technology for radiation hardened low-power 1000k gate array and 16 M SRAM technology, leading to two orders of magnitude advance in performance and reduction in power and weight. In short, this program develops the enabling technology for critical path radiation tolerant items essential for the Space Based Infrared System (SBIRS) and USSTRATCOM priority weapon systems and C4I systems. This enabling technology forms the basis from which DTO SE.26.01 AFH, Radiation Resistant Microelectronics, in the Electronics TAP produces final products with System Program Office funds.

Survivable space-based systems are preconditions for accomplishing the Joint Warfighting S&T Plan objectives of Dominant Battlespace Knowledge and prevailing in Information Warfare. The key technical barrier is that each succeeding generation of commercial microelectronics becomes increasingly susceptible to radiation. DoD must therefore maintain an ongoing effort to radiation harden new generations of microelectronics as they evolve to ensure that future warfighters have the survivable state-of-the-art electronics systems needed to complete their missions. Program priority directed by Dr. Jones, DDR&E.

Svc/Agency POC: USD(A&T) POC: Customer POC:
Mr. Webb
DNA
(703) 325-7016
Dr. Smith
ATSD(AE)
(703) 697-5161
Adm. Goebel/LtCol Langer
USSTRATCOM J5
(402) 294-8304
Mr. Holm
DNA
(703) 325-0818
DDR&E POC:
Dr. Turnbach, DATO
(703) 681-4753
Ms. Basany, USAF-SMC
(310) 363-0217
Mr. Kuehl, USASSDC
(205) 955-3777
Mr. Cullen, DSRC
(609) 734-2851


Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

FY96
FY97
FY98
FY99
FY00
FY01
Total
24.3
20.7
22.0
21.9
25.1
27.2




CB-13-07-H Hard Target Defeat. Develop the technology base required to characterize, defeat or disrupt, and assess battle damage for buried and/or hardened targets, particularly targets containing WMD. By FY98, accomplish testing to demonstrate and assess options for functional kill of hardened NBC and C3I facilities. Technologies are lacking for target characterization and conventional defeat or functional kill of some hardened targets. The Joint Warfighting S&T Plan Counterproliferation objective specifically includes counterforce defeat of hardened WMD storage and production facilities. Defeat of underground targets was a top priority (number 3 of 14) as defined by the warfighting CINCs (Counterproliferation Program Review Committee Report to Congress, 1995, pg. 27).

Technical issues differ for two classes of hardened targets. The first are surface and shallow buried facilities that are more susceptible to defeat, but which may generate unacceptable collateral effects if attacked with conventional munitions. The second set consists of deeply buried targets, a number of which cannot be physically defeated with current conventional munitions, but may be subject to functional disruption; collateral effects are of lesser concern when these targets are engaged with conventional weapons. Target characterization and battle damage assessment are problems for both sets. A variety of weapon options and damage/disruption mechanisms will be evaluated.

Svc/Agency POC: USD(A&T) POC: Customer POC:
Dr. Goering
DNA
(703) 325-7140
Dr. Smith
ATSD(AE)
(703) 697-5161
Responsive to priority defined by
CINCs and JCS
Mr. Holm
DNA
(703) 325-0818


Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

FY96
FY97
FY98
FY99
FY00
FY01
Total
7.9
5.6
10.5
12.2
13.7
14.4




CB-14-07-H Prediction and Mitigation of Collateral Hazards. Establish the capability to accurately predict in an operationally suitable manner the effects on both civilian and military populations of WMD hazards released into the atmosphere due to battlefield WMD use or to conventional counterforce attacks on WMD facilities. FY96 IOC for Hazard Prediction and Assessment Capability. By FY99, demonstrate significant improvement in ability for long-range high-resolution forecasting of WMD hazards. Specific technical challenges/objectives are (1) prediction/mitigation of effluence from breached targets, (2) integrated capability for high resolution mesoscale weather prediction, (3) extended capability to model non-weapon-related sources (including accidents and terrorist devices), (4) ability to calculate mass consistent wind fields, (5) use of such calculations to accurately predict transport and to track very low concentrations over long (1,000km+) ranges, and (6) calculate mean depositions and probabilities of detection or kill. Host on multiple platforms, PC through mainframe. This program responds to two of the Joint Warfighting S&T Plan Objectives - Counterproliferation (in which planning tools for collateral damage assessment are specifically identified as requirements) and Chemical-Biological Detection (the Joint Warfighting S&T Plan identifies the capability for standoff detection of biological agents as the single most pressing requirement). Detection and characterization of agent hazards was the top priority defined by CINC warfighters in their articulation of unmet mission requirements (Counterproliferation Program Review Committee Report to Congress, 1995, p. 27).

Svc/Agency POC: USD(A&T) POC: Customer POC:
Dr. Wittwer
DNA
(703) 325-7143
Dr. Smith
DATSD(AE)
(703) 697-5161
Responds to CINC priority.
USEUCOM is partner for ACTD
that includes preliminary
demonstrations of this capability.
Mr. Holm
DNA
(703) 325-0818


Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

FY96
FY97
FY98
FY99
FY00
FY01
Total
4.4
5.2
5.8
5.8
6.0
5.5




CB-15-01-H Balanced Electromagnetic Hardening Technology. This is a not fully funded program that responds to requirements identified by JCS/J-6 and USD(A&T). A minimum/baseline program would, by FY01, develop and demonstrate innovative, affordable technology and methodologies for integrated hardening and testing of military systems against High Power Microwave (HPM) and High Altitude Electromagnetic Pulse (HEMP) effects. Integrated hardening against multiple battlefield threat environments, e.g., HPM and HEMP, will reduce hardening cost, size/weight, procurement (design and test time), and provide residual protection against other electromagnetic threats, e.g., indirect lightning. Target hardening cost reductions of 15-20 percent are expected, plus weight reductions of up to 30 percent if composite shielding materials become realizable. Cost savings of 20-25 percent over the lifetime of a system are also expected with the improved testing and maintenance/surveillance methodologies developed under this program. An integrated approach to hardening against a range of effects is both more cost-effective and prudent given the anticipated increased use of commercial parts and specifications in DoD acquisitions and wider frequency range of possible battlefield electromagnetic environments. Using the same rationale, a more comprehensive program (as proposed by the Army, but completely unfunded) would accomplish the following: by FY96, define proliferant threat scenario systems to be deployed in 2005+, and test facilities available; by FY97, complete life cycle milestone planning for integrated protection of systems and conduct initial tests to validate new protocol for hardening; by FY98, define requirements for protection protocol improvements and develop/distribute software to assist system developers in achieving integrated protection; and by FY99, finish application of complete integrated protection protocol on deployed system.

Svc/Agency POC: USD(A&T) POC: Customer POC:
Mr. Webb
DNA
(703) 325-7016
Dr. Smith
ATSD(AE)
(703) 697-5161
Responds to requirements identified by
JCS/J-6 and USD(A&T)
Mr. Walters/Mr. Pfeffer
USANCA
(703) 806-7860
Mr. Holm
DNA
(703) 325-0818


Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

FY96
FY97
FY98
FY99
FY00
FY01
Total
5.0
2.7
2.7
2.9
2.8
2.9