SENSORS, ELECTRONICS AND BATTLESPACE ENVIRONMENT DTOs

DEFENSE TECHNOLOGY OBJECTIVES
SENSORS, ELECTRONICS AND BATTLESPACE ENVIRONMENT

SE.01.01.ANF Multi-Mission UAV Sensor ATD. In order to effectively plan operations and engage targets beyond line-of-sight in inaccessible regions, DoD forces require UAV borne sensors with data links back to forces which can plan and execute missions. A Multi Mission UAV Radar Payload will demonstrate a low cost, lightweight, multi-function sensor and signal processor capability that will provide the battlefield commander with continuous, real-time, all-weather capability to detect, locate, and identify high priority fixed and mobile targets in all theaters of operation. A moving Target Indicator/Synthetic Aperture Radar sensor will be integrated in the objective UAV, along with a Line of Sight Data Link for Display on the objective Ground Control Station. A commercial processor approach to the sensor will provide enhanced capability for target cueing. MIMIC technology will be incorporated to reduce size and weight. The sensor data will be integrated in the Common Ground Station and UAV Ground Control Station. By FY97, Mission requirements and payload design will be determined. By FY98, candidate sensors and signal processor will be selected and development initiated. By FY99, sensor development and payload integration will be completed, captive flight tests initiated and interface documents for Common Ground Station will be prepared. By FY00, Performance testing and operational demonstration in support of early entry and deep attack scenarios completed.

Svc/Agency POC:	USD(A&T) POC:	Customers:
Carolyn Nash SARD-TT DSN 227-8433	Susan Turnbach DDR&E (703) 695-0005	Mounted BL, D&SA BL, BC BL, EELS

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

FY96 FY97 FY98 FY99 FY00 FY01

Total 0.4 1.9 4.5 6.1 7.0 0.2

SE.02.02.N Smart Skins Array ATD. The need to locate and ID stealthier targets requires options for enhancing sensor capabilities on platforms with restricted real estate. If sensors can be embedded in the structural pars of platforms, many options become available for designing sensors in the structure itself. This is particularly critical for radar sensors. This ATD is demonstrating the technical feasibility, operational utility, and support benefits of structurally embedded antenna arrays. By FY96, demonstrate Sub-Array test models. By FY97, demonstrate smart skins array on F-18 Leading Edge Flap ADM. F-18 Low Observable Leading Edge Flap, and Pole Model F-18. By FY98, conduct F/A-18 C/D ADM validation/flight test. By FY99-FY01, validate on:

Aircraft:
Submarine:
Ships:

F/A-18 C/D, E2-C, S-3, P-3, JAST
Antenna Mast: SATCOM: Comm/Weapon Link
CEC: SATCOM: Fleetcomm, Radar

Svc/Agency POC:	USD(A&T) POC:	Customers:
Jim Hall ONR DSN 226-5754	John Transue (703) 614-0212	Drew Glista NAVAIR (703) 604-3027

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

FY96 FY97 FY98 FY99 FY00 FY01

Total 3.6 4.2 0 0 0 0

SE.03.02.N High Frequency Surface Wave Radar (HFSWR) Demonstration. The advent or Mach 2+ Antiship Cruise Missile has reduced the depth of fire to, at most, one engagement under good conditions. If a first engagement can be moved out to the horizon, depth of fire could be increased to two. This ATD is aimed at demonstrating over-the-horizon detection of low-flying anti-ship missiles by a shipboard radar operating in the high frequency band near 20 MHZ. Detection and tracking of the targets will exploit sea \-surface hugging features of surface wave propagation. The HFSWR will provide critical early warning (30 sec for a M2.0 target) of missile attack and cueing of weapon engagement radars. Critical issues to be addressed by the demonstration include compatibility of the radar with other shipboard HF systems and the effects of the complex shipboard scattering environment on target detection and tracking. Target transitions include both forward fit (CVN-76 and SC-21) and backfit (LSD-41 class, and other ships slated for the self-defense system). The HFSWR is currently under development for testing on the Self-Defense Test Ship (SDTS) and LSD-41-class ship. Fabrication and factory testing of the radar will take place in FY96; at-sea testing will begin in Jan 97 and extend throughout FY97. Performance goals include detection of supersonic sea-skimming missile at two-an-a-half times the range currently achievable with a microwave radar, with better than a 1.0-deg azimuth tracking accuracy.

Svc/Agency POC:	USD(A&T) POC:	Customers:
J. Hall ONR (703) 696-5754	John Transue (703) 614-0212	PEO(TAD) A. Supsiri

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

FY96 FY97 FY98 FY99 FY00 FY01

Total 6.0 4.0

SE.04.01.ANFE Penetrating/Identification Radar. The use of foliage, buidings and ground, by enemy forces, to hide targets jeopardized the U.S. and friendly personnel and slows the pace of engagement. To improve knowledge of the battlespace, ultra wideband and narrow band radar and radiometric technology to detect and identify tactical targets in the clear and hidden in foliage, buildings, or beneath the ground. Optimum foliage penetration (FOPEN), building penetration (BPEN) and ground penetration (GPEN) frequency bands with appropriate bandwidths will be determined. Single and multi-static radars and passive technology will be developed to meet target detection requirements and platform constraints. Different radar processing techniques will be developed to meet different medium penetration. Synthetic Aperture Radar techniques will be developed to gain fine target resolution. Advances will be made in clutter and interference rejection, target resonances and other identification phenomonology, and very low sidelobe imaging techniques for efficient implementation on military platforms. To enhance warfighting capability, real-time target detection and recognition capabilities will be implemented to expedite target data dissemination through the battlefield situation awareness network. Demonstrate in FY97, foliage penetration (instrumentation grade hardware). In FY98, demonstrate building penetration (instrumentation grade hardware). In FY99, demonstrate ground penetration (instrumentation grade hardware). In FY01, initiate development of prototype hardware for tactical platform demonstration.

Enhance battlefield situation awareness by developing and demonstrating an ultra wideband Synthetic Aperture Radar on a UAV platform to detect tactical targets hidden both in foliage and beneath the ground. Optimum foliage penetration (FOPEN) and ground penetration (GPEN) UHF band with bandwidth greater than 600 Mhz will be used. To enhance warfighting capability, real-time target detection and recognition capabilities will be implemented to expedite target data dissemination through the battlefield situation awareness network. In FY99, the UWB SAR will demonstrate detection of armored vehicles, missile launchers, trucks, and other vehicles concealed or camouflaged under tree canopies. In FY01, demonstrate detection of underground mines, bunkers, communication wires, tunnels, and other man-made objects.

Svc/Agency POC:	USD(A&T) POC:	Customers:
Allan Tarbell CERDEC/NVESD 908-427-3103	Susan Turnbach DDR&E (703) 695-0005	D&SA BL, Mounted BL, EELS BL, US Central Command, US European Command, US Force Command, JPO UAV

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

FY96 FY97 FY98 FY99 FY00 FY01

Total 30.3 35.7 35.9 39.0 14.1 5.8

SE.05.01.ANFE Affordable and Enhanced Radar Signal Processing. In order to improve battlespace awareness, detection and identification of potential targets must be increased. This is particularly true in a stealthier, faster moving battlespace in a cost effective manner. This effort seeks to develop advanced signal processing techniques and radar architectures which fully leverage commercial technology in hardware, software, and operating systems to drive down cost and enhance capability. Rapidly insert advancing capabilities of commercial computer technology into tri-service, military systems to greatly enhance radar performance capabilities in these mission areas. This advanced computing capability will allow the use of the technology developed under this to improve SAR image formation and motion compensation, moving and stationary target discrimination, clutter rejection, target identification and all-digital radar front ends. The benefits provided include enhanced target detection in clutter and jamming, higher resolution target imaging, reduced cost, size, power consumption, weight, and complexity. By FY98, autonomous adaptive clutter rejection for STI radar. By FY00, demonstrate super resolution techniques for real beam radars. By FY03, demonstrate space-based theater surveillance (Space JWACST)

Svc/Agency POC:	USD(A&T) POC:	Customers:
Carolyn Nash SARD-TT DSN 227-8433	Susan Turnbach DDR&E (703) 695-0005

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

FY96 FY97 FY98 FY99 FY00 FY01

Total 25.5 31.7 32.7 31.1 28.5 29.9

SE.06.01.A Air/Land Enhanced Reconnaissance and Targeting (ALERT) ATD. The objective of this ATD is to identify stationary and moving targets. The fast pace of many engagement scenarios requires a significantly improved capability to demonstrate the ability to automatically acquire stationary and moving targets from a highly dynamic platform such as a scout/attack helicopter by FY00. ALERT will exploit emerging developments in search-on-the-move ATR algorithms, including long range detection, target identification, scene/scan correlation, smart sensor management, and temporal FLIR processing for MTI. ALERT will also evaluate the additional benefit provided through enhanced laser rangefinder functionality. By FY98, demonstrate baseline on-the-move performance using 2nd GEN FLIR and standard rangefinding mode. By FY99, integrate laser range mapping capability and enhanced on-the-move search/detection algorithms. By FY00, integrate laser profiling capability to demonstrate target identification and transition to the Survivable Armed Reconnaissance on the Digital Battlefield ACTD. Demonstrate the ability to provide long range detection (in excess of 4000 m) from a platform moving at speeds of up to 180 kts. Demonstrate that automation can extend the safe ingress rate of the platform by 50-75% for full threat coverage over manual acquisition. Demonstrate search correlation false alarm suppression modes to reduce false alarm rate to meet RAH-66 Comanche requirements.

Svc/Agency POC:	USD(A&T) POC:	Customers:
Carolyn Nash SARD-TT DSN 227-8433	Susan Turnbach DDR&E (703) 695-0005	Mounted BL, D&SA BL, BC BL, EELS BL

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

FY96 FY97 FY98 FY99 FY00 FY01

Total -- 1.3 5.8 5.8 1.9 0

SE.07.02.ANF Advanced Pilotage. The Warfighter must be capable of fighting day or night in all environment in the execution of his or her primary mission. This DTO develops and demonstrates advanced pilotage technology for night and adverse weather pilotage/navigation for aircraft and surface craft to enhance survivability. By FY97, develop and flight test an image intensified sensor and fast (60 Hz) focal plane array for a wide field of view FLIR. Demonstrate a 50% improvement in resolution for both poor thermal conditions and starlight, and a 25% increase in field of view over currently fielded systems. By FY98, demonstrate an integrated, wide field of view pilotage/navigation sensor and display suite with image fusion. Image fusion combines the most salient features from the complimentary FLIR and image intensified sensor imagery to show a single, complete picture of the operating area on the pilot's helmet mounted display.

Svc/Agency POC:	USD(A&T) POC:	Customers:
Carolyn Nash SARD-TT DSN 227-8433	Susan Turnbach DDR&E (703) 695-0005
James Buss ONR DSN 226-0590

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

FY96 FY97 FY98 FY99 FY00 FY01

Total 7.5 8.0 7.7 0 0 0

SE.08.02.A Target Acquisition ATD. To effectively employ weapon systems at night or in poor visibility, the Warfighter must have full knowledge of the battlespace in real-time. The Target Acquisition ATD provides this capability. BY FY98, develop and demonstrate an extended range, multi-sensor target acquisition suite for future tank, cavalry, and scout vehicles. The multi-sensor suite will consist of a second generation thermal imaging sight with automated widefield-of-view search and aided target recognition, a low cost MTI radar (growth to STI), and a multi-function laser. These enhanced target acquisition capabilities will be coupled with combat identification technologies to significantly improve the light armored combat vehicle's lethality and survivability. Identification range will be extended 67% for exposed targets and 50% for partially obscured targets. Automation will reduce search timelines by 60-80% over manual search and streamline crew workload for future main battle tanks.

Svc/Agency POC:	USD(A&T) POC:	Customers:
Carolyn Nash SARD-TT DSN 227-8433	Susan Turnbach DDR&E (703) 695-0005

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

FY96 FY97 FY98 FY99 FY00 FY01

Total 6.2 8.3 1.9 0 0 0

SE.09.02.A North Finding Module. Situation awareness and knowledge of both the enemy and friendly force location are critical to the warrior to effectively engage. The North Finding Module development provides the warfighter with an accurate means of determining azimuth. By FY97, demonstrate a compact, self contained, affordable ($5-$10K/unit), azimuth measurement device with an accuracy of 5 to 10 mils and the capability to provide initial measurements within 3 minutes when static or 1 minute when moving. More accurate and timely azimuth data is critical to target handoff accuracy, use of situational awareness data for Combat ID and full use of GPS data. The North Finding Module will overcome weakness of GPS alone (jamming, occlusion, multipath etc.) through the use of inertial measurement systems (Interferometric Fiber Optic Gyro, Dynamically Tuned Gyro) and will provide synergy with GPS on the digital battlefield at a low cost-performance ratio. The module could also be used on instrumented ranges such as the National Training Center as a sensor for battle control and scoring.

Supports: Hunter Sensor Suite, Remote Sentry, Precision Guided Mortar Munition, Objective Combat Weapon ATDs; RFPI; PM Combat ID, PM Mortars.

Svc/Agency POC:	USD(A&T) POC:	Customers:
Jonathan Barnstein ARL-WT (410) 278-3737	Susan Turnbach DDR&E (703) 695-0005	Mounted DFD (502) 624-1963 DSN 464-1963

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

FY96 FY97 FY98 FY99 FY00 FY01

Total 1.0 0.3 0 0 0 0

SE.10.02.NF EO Sensor, Fusion, and Targeting. Allow targeting capability in an expanded battlespace with improved precision for direct fire, indirect fire, precision guided weapons and enhanced location and identification of a wider variety of targets. Capitalizing on emerging electro-optical sensor-based approaches incorporating advanced focal plane arrays, image and sensor fusion, automatic target recognition, precision designation and location and C4I to sharply increase the target acquisition and target ID range, target location accuracy, multiple target tracking capability and target servicing rates. Applications include precision target hand-off and capture among surface-to-surface and air-to-air platforms. By FY99, demonstrate system integration. By FY00, demonstrate 40% target ID range improvement and 100% reduction in target location error for surface-to-surface platforms. By FY02, demonstrate fixed-wing air-to-surface weapons launched beyond 15 km. Demonstrate surface-to-surface sensor-to-shooter command and control interface to reduce cycle time for indirect and precision strike fire to time-of-flight plus 40 seconds for surface-to-surface platforms.

Svc/Agency POC:	USD(A&T) POC:	Customers:
Dennis Van Derlaske CERDEC/NVESD 703-704-1258	Susan Turnbach DDR&E (703) 695-0005	Mounted BL, EELS, BL D&SA BL
Hank Lapp Air Force WL
Jim Buss Navy ONR

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

FY96 FY97 FY98 FY99 FY00 FY01

Total 3.4 3.5 4.5 4.5 5.4 5.1

SE.11.01.ANFE Advanced Infrared Search and Track (IRST) Systems. Develop and demonstrate autonomous and affordable passive IRST capabilities for over-the-horizon targeting of TBMs at extended range, horizon detection of cruise missiles for ship self defense, detection and precision tracking of threat aircraft for ground combat vehicles, and air-to-air warfare. By FY96, conduct static demonstration of IRST combat vehicles. By FY97, collect data to support development of shipboard IRST capable of detecting cruise missiles and aircraft in littoral environment and demonstrate limited on-the-move IRST operation on a combat vehicle. Transition to Engineering Development surveillance IRST capable of autonomous detection and precision tracking of aircraft and theater ballistic missiles at ranges beyond 500 km, in a sensor configuration compatible with carrier-based surveillance assets (i.e., E-2C). Application of staring focal plane arrays and digital signal processing provides high performance in a small aperture, in turn, facilitating compact and affordable systems for tactical aircraft (e.g., F-22, F/A-18, JAST techniques).

Svc/Agency POC:	USD(A&T) POC:	Customers:
Navy: Jim Buss ONR DSN: 226-0590	Susan Turnbach DDR&E (703) 695-0005	Air Defense School (Army), Mounted BL, D&SA BL, BC BL, EELS BL Cpt. Shepard PMA-231
Army: Carolyn Nash SARD-TT DSN 227-8433

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

FY96 FY97 FY98 FY99 FY00 FY01

Total 11.5 9.1 5.4 2.5 1.4 1.4

SE.12.02.ANF Multi-Wavelength Multi-Function Laser. Develop and demonstrate high efficiency, compact, laser diode pumped, wavelength diverse laser source in the 0.26 - 5 micron spectral region and system controller software for multi-functional applications. By FY96, demonstrate low to moderate (1KHz) repetition rate laser with multiple mode operation. By FY97 develop modules with multiple wavelength outputs from 0.26 - 10 microns obstacle avoidance, biological agent detection, rangefinding, enhanced target recognition, and laser radar for integration with vehicle target acquisition sensors. By FY98, develop compact modules for multiple applications and integrate laser modules with Target Acquisition ATD. By FY99, complete development of multi-application software and investigate Horizontal Technology Integration approach to multi-function and multi-application laser sources.

During battle conditions the Warfighter must be able to accomplish multiple goals such as range finding, target designation and identification with a minimum of equipment to maintain battle tempo.

Svc/Agency POC:	USD(A&T) POC:	Customers:
Carolyn Nash SARD-TT DSN 227-8433	Susan Turnbach DDR&E (703) 695-0005	PEO-Aviation, PM-ASM, PEO-IEW

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

FY96 FY97 FY98 FY99 FY00 FY01

Total 2.5 3.5 5.7 5.1 3.7 4.6

SE.13.03.NF Aircraft Signature Measurement/Modeling Technology. Demonstrate, by 1997, an ability to accurately predict the infrared signature of aircraft and cruise missiles for a variety of altitudes, speeds, power settings, and environmental conditions. This prediction capability will reduce the number of flight test hours required to characterize the target signature by over 50%. Demonstrate, by 1999, the ability to integrate these target signature models into missile engagement models, and thereby reduce the number of flight test hours required for decoy effectiveness testing by 25%. Demonstrate, by 2001, the ability to predict the signature of the F-022 Advanced Tactical Fighter and determine the infrared specification compliance for the program. The use of this signature prediction capability will reduce the number of flight test hours by over 50% from classical electro-optical signature flight test procedures.

This supports the Aerospace Systems Center in their development of the F-22 Advanced Tactical Fighter, the Air Combat Command in their tactical analyses for the F-15, F-16, F-117, B-1, and B-2 aircraft, the Air Mobility Command in defensive systems testing for the C-130H, C-17A, C-141, and C-5 cargo aircraft, and Hq. AFOTEC in their operational test and evaluation of C-17, F-15, C-130J, and CV-22 aircraft. The target signature prediction models will be transitioned to STRATCOM, ACC, AFOTEC, AFIWC, and ASC for their test and evaluation analyses.

Svc/Agency POC:	USD(A&T) POC:	Customers:
ONR Dr. W. Stachnik (703) 696-5752	Donald Dix (703) 697-7922	ASC, ACC, AMC, STRATCOM, AFIWC, AFOTEC, and PEO(TAD) J. Misanin

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

FY96 FY97 FY98 FY99 FY00 FY01

Total 1.7 1.3 1.2 1.4 1.4 1.4

SE.14.02.N Lightweight, Broadband Variable Depth Sonar (Acoustic, Magnetic, Seismic). Develop and demonstrate a towed sonar system to reliably detect and classify small, very-quiet, slow-moving submarines in the shallow water littoral warfare environment to provide the surface ship platform with a critically needed shallow water warfighting capability. A broadband sonar with large time-bandwidth products (~ 10,000) and good spatial (~0.3 m) and doppler (~0.3 m/s) resolution is required to suppress reverberation and channel fading effects that dominate shallow water active acoustic returns. A variable depth sonar is required to match the signal to the sound channel occupied by the target while reducing surface reverberation (>10 dB) and damping projector motion. A lightweight (<1,500 kg) tow body is required for tactical handling considerations at sea. Transducer material development and selection will be completed by 1997. Sea trials to evaluate system issues and collect broad-bandwidth data will be conducted in 1997, 1998 and 1999. The control, transmit, receive and handling subsystems will be designed, fabricated and tested by 2000. System integration, at-sea demonstration and final report will be completed in 2001. This DTO is Navy critical/Navy specific.

Svc/Agency POC:	USD(A&T) POC:	Customers:
Navy: Mr. Ken Dial ONR 321 (703) 696-0806	John Transue (703) 614-0212	CAPT Robert Murphy N863E (703) 695-2352

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

FY96 FY97 FY98 FY99 FY00 FY01

Total 10.0 13.7 16.7 14.0 14.3 9.0

SE.15.01.ANE Sensor Signal Processing Technology (Acoustic, Magnetic, Seismic). Develops and demonstrates innovative, real-time, adaptive signal processing algorithms and techniques to detect, classify, localize, and engage threats in the littorals, open ocean, and land battlespace. Active algorithms and techniques will improve clutter reduction and reduce false alarm rates while improving target detection and correct classification probability. Applications will be made to surface, fixed wing, helicopter, wide area surveillance, and submarine ASW platforms. Validated algorithms will be transitioned to PMO-411 on two year intervals beginning in 1996 and to PMA-299 in 1999. Algorithms for impulsive active classification and false alarm rejection will be transitioned to PMA-264 in 1997. Multi-static techniques are developed to activate Advanced Deployable Systems and other active receivers and to enable ALFS/SQQ-89 interoperability. Products are planned to transition to PD-80 and PMA-299/PMO-411. Automation techniques are developed to reduce operator loading and to reduce manning requirements. Passive algorithms and techniques will exploit the full spectrum of available acoustic signals by employing non-linear processes and incorporating propagation models into the processing string for application to the submarine, surface ship, fixed wing, and wide area surveillance ASW communities. Battlefield air acoustic efforts will demonstrate real time tracking and identification of ground targets in 1996, demonstrate a broader range of vehicle identifications in 1997, and demonstrate the ability to track large vehicle formations in 1998. Products are expected to significantly improve ASW performance relative to fielded systems and will transition to PEO USW (ASTO) for application to submarines. Adaptive beamforming and array shape estimation techniques will transition to PMS-425. Air acoustic efforts will transition to the Remote Sentry ATD and the Hunter Sensor Suite ATD portions of the Rapid Force Deployment Initiative. This DTO is predominately Navy specific and is Navy critical.

Svc/Agency POC:	USD(A&T) POC:	Customers:
Navy: CDR Mitchell Shipley ONR 321 (703) 696-4399	John Transue (703) 614-0212	Mr. Tampa PMA-264 (703) 604-2200
DARPA: Dr. Theo Kooij TTO (703) 696-2333		CAPT Cable PMA-299 (703) 604-2700
Army: Mr. John Eicke ARL (301) 394-2620		CAPT Nifontoff PMO-411 (703) 604-5064
		CAPT Jeriback PMO-425 (703) 602-1299
		CAPT Hatcher PD-80 (703) 602-4869
		CDR Polcari PEO USW (703) 602-8530

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

FY96 FY97 FY98 FY99 FY00 FY01

Total 82.6 62.6 74.3 78.4 81.1 78.7

SE.16.01.NE Active/Passive Sensor Technology (Acoustic, Magnetic, Seismic). Develops and demonstrates sensors, sources, and arrays for towed, hull, dipped, floating, and deployed applications in the undersea battlespace. Active transducers will be developed to provide broader frequency bandwidths, lower frequencies, smaller weights and volumes, and higher source levels for application to diverse platforms. High energy density transduction materials such as the electrostrictive lead magnesium niobate (PMN) and the magnetostrictive Terfenol will be developed to reduce transducer size/weight while increasing source levels and bandwidth. Material scale-up, transducer, and impulsive source tests will be conducted in 1997. Battery powered, deployed sources to activate distributed sensor fields will be tested in 2000. Efforts will transition to LFA SURTASS (SPAWAR PD-80), LBVDS (PEO USW PMO-411), LELFAS (PEO AIR PMA-264 and NAVSEA), AEER (PEO AIR PMA-264), and ALFS (PEO AIR PMA-299). Passive acoustic, magnetic and seismic sensors will be developed for larger passive aperture arrays, volumetric arrays and rapidly deployable systems to provide higher array gains. Magnetic sensors will be improved to provide longer detection ranges for fixed wing applications. Fiber optics and associated laser, coupler and splitter technology will be leveraged from the commercial sector and adapted to Navy applications to demonstrate lower cost towed arrays in 1998 and to demonstrate ultra light, long life deployable arrays in 1999. Wider band magnetic sensors will be tested in 1998. Efforts will transition to BQQ-5, BSY-1, and BSY-2 (NAVSEA PMS-425), NSSN (PEO USW PMO-401), DMAD (PEO AIR PMA-264), ADS (SPAWAR PD-80), and SQQ-89. This DTO is Navy Critical and Navy Specific.

Svc/Agency POC:	USD(A&T) POC:	Customers:
Ken Dial ONR 321 (703) 696-0806	John Transue (703) 614-0212	Terry Tampa PMA-264 (703) 604-2200
David Johnson ONR 321 (703) 696-0807		CAPT Gerald Nifontoff PMO-411 (703) 604-5064
		CAPT John Jarabak PMS-425 (703) 602-1299
		CAPT William Hatcher PD-80 (703) 602-4869
		CDR John Polcari PEO USW ASTO (703) 602-8530

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

FY96 FY97 FY98 FY99 FY00 FY01

Total 31.3 34.3 48.8 50.5 60.4 63.8

SE.17.01.ANFEC ATR Dominant Target ID. A key element of Battlespace Awareness is the capability to recognize targets on land, sea, or air. This technology is critical to the ability to find, identify, and neutralize targets in adverse conditions such as weather, obscurants, jamming, denial, and deception. It reduces operator workload, provides real-time situational awareness, and enables rapid sensor to shooter handoff. This capability is needed for both ISR and Weapon Delivery systems. This is the primary DTO transitioning the product oriented ATR technologies�algorithms and embedded processors�to demonstrate aided/automatic cueing and recognition of aerospaceborne and surface targets on ISR (Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance) and Attack platforms. Single and multi-sensor systems including advanced thermal sensors, multifunction laser systems, and multifunction radars are utilized for recognizing both stationary and moving targets. By FY96; Initial Lab Demo SAIP (SAR Image Exploitation), UGV Demo of Multi-sensor ATR; FY97 Tier 3-/U2R SAIP CONUS Demonstration; By FY98; SAIP OCONUS Transition of Stationary Target Recognition Capability, JSTARS demo of Moving and Stationary Target ATR, Airborne Demo of Data Compression on U2R, NRT Lab Demo of ATR of 20 ground targets with multiple configurations & partial obscuration; By FY99; Demo of Moving Target ATR using Tier 2+, By FY00; Sensor to Shooter Demo, by FY01; Comanche Aided FLIR ATR Demonstrated The ATR Metrics are: Isolated Stationary Ground Target Cueing with Pd=.9 at .01 FA/KM2, Force Structure Recognition by Maneuver Battalion Detection with Pd=.9 at .001 FA/KM2, 35 Class Problem Aircraft ID, Discriminate Crude Decoys, Sensor to Shooter Cycle Time Consistent with Precision Strike. Transitions to JointSTARS; P3,S3; U2R; Tier 2,2+,3-; F14, F15, F16, F18, F22; Apache, Comanche; AWACS; Abrams, Bradley; MSX, THAAD.

Svc/Agency POC:	USD(A&T) POC:	Customers:
Carolyn Nash SARD-TT DSN 227-8433	Susan Turnbach DDR&E (703) 695-0005	Mounted BL EELS BL, D&SA BL Dismounted BL

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

FY96 FY97 FY98 FY99 FY00 FY01

Total 73.5 108.1 110.2 89.5 68.6 59.9

SE.18.02.NFE Integrated Platform Avionics Demonstration. Demonstrate low cost solutions for future Tri-Service retrofit and forward-fit applications in integrated avionics by utilizing Tri-Service Development Products in a series of testbed demonstrations. Areas of concern encompass system architecture, multi-function apertures, integrated RF and EO subsystems, core signal and data processing, vehicle management system, weapon stores management, power generation and environmental control systems. Tri-Service transition vehicles would be JAST variants, NF-22, and current operational aircraft upgrades, both fixed wing and rotocraft (F-16, F-15, F-117, CH-47, UH-60, AH64). The objective is to lower entire life cycle cost by attacking all aspects of the system acquisition process and many cost inducing factors (weight, volume, power, reliability, performance and mission capabilities). FY96-98 will develop technology applications such as RF photonics, fiber optic networks, Integrated Sensor Systems and digital IF processors. FY99-00 will produce "stairstep" demonstrations of system capability threads. Technology goals for the 2000 time period include 30% reduction in avionics suite cost, reduced weight/volume/prime power by 30%. FY01 will integrate the full avionics testbed. The Tri-Service testbed will allow timely integration of current enabling technologies and provide opportunities for Tri-Service access, common interface and joint utilization of products.

Svc/Agency POC:	USD(A&T) POC:	Customers:
AF: Lt Col John Haynes 703-602-9200 xt24	Dr. Don Dix 703-695-4885	JAST Variants, NF-22, CH-47, F-15, F-16, F-117, C-17
Navy: huck Caposel NAVAIR 703-604-6240 xt2864

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

FY96 FY97 FY98 FY99 FY00 FY01

Total 40.2 23.7 35.0 34.1 38.1 50.5

SE.19.01.NF Compact High Power RF Transmitters.Develop compact, light weight, highly efficient microwave and millimeter wave solid state and vacuum electronic transmitter building blocks for use in high performance EW, radar, and communications systems. Develop novel GaAs-based and InP-based compound semiconductor devices that overcome barriers to meeting operating frequency requirements, operate at temperature levels that provide increased reliability, and have increased fabrication density resulting in reduced cost per function. Combine a solid state monolithic integrated circuit driver amplifier, a vacuum power booster, and an integrated electronic power conditioner into a compact microwave power module (MPM) transmitter. The scope of work to be carried out to provide high power vacuum electronic and solid state transmitters includes development of advanced millimeter wave devices and monolithic format integrated circuits, broadband, high efficiency microwave transmitters, and development and implementation of advanced design and simulation techniques to reduce module and system non recurring engineering (NRE) costs. Develop RF devices for high power and/or high temperature applications from wide bandgap materials such as SiC, GaN, and AlN, to meet military systems requirements. Special material growth processes must be developed and employed to meet performance objectives. In FY97, complete development of a 50 watt output power, 18-40 GHz power module for compact EW transmitters; demonstrate a >20 watt, >0% efficient solid state power amplifier for SHF SATCOM systems; develop ZnO substrates for near-lattice-matched (Al, Ga)N films for advanced power devices; and demonstrate 15 watt 6 GHz SiC MESFET power transistors for advanced RF sensors to provide reliable high temperature operation. In FY98, develop higher quality, lower cost semi-insulating InP substrates for millimeter wave sensors; make available GaN substrates for growth of superior (Al,Ga)N films used in advanced RF power devices; complete development of MPM EW arrays and reduce their fabrication cost by 2X; increase millimeter wave solid state amplifier output power by a factor of 2x for radar and communications systems. This DTO supports F-22 radar and EW, GBR, GEN-X, CEC, MILSTAR, SCAMP, LONGBOW, BCIS, SADARM, STAFF, BAT, and AEGIS SPY -1D UPGRADE, ALQ-131 and ALQ-136. The following Joint War Fighter Operational Needs/Capabilities are supported: Dominant Battlespace Knowledge, Information Warfare, Precision Force, Combat Identification, Electronic Warfare, Joint Theater Missile Defense, Military Operations in Urban Terrain, Joint Countermine, and Joint Readiness.

Svc/Agency POC:	USD(A&T) POC:	Customers:
Navy: ONR Ingham Mack ONR DSN 226-4825	Susan Turnbach DDR&E (703) 695-0005	Navy/NAVSEA
Air Force: AFMC/STC Richard Davis		Air Force/ACC Richard Neff & SPC Lt.Col. Doug Owens
Army: SARD Fenner Milton		Army: SARD Fenner Milton
DARPA: L. Glasser

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

FY96 FY97 FY98 FY99 FY00 FY01

Total 8.8 9.4 9.9 5.8 5.6 5.2

SE.20.01.AFE Affordable Multi-Chip Modules for Phased Array Antennas. Develop advanced high density microwave and millimeter wave packaging and interconnect technologies for shallow depth/conformal phased array antennas used in radar, EW, smart weapons, and communications applications. In FY97, develop tile-type modules that have a 5:1 weight reduction and a 10:1 cost reduction over conventional module technologies. In FY98, use the tile modules to develop array technologies that will have a 5:1 volume reduction, 10:1 cost reduction and a 2.5:1 weight reduction. A millimeter wave thrust includes development of integrated tranceivers for smart weapons.

Svc/Agency POC:	USD(A&T) POC:	Customers:
Lisa Sobolewski DARPA	Susan Turnbach DDR&E (703) 695-0005	Navy/NAVAIR Air Force/ACC Army/CECOM
Carolyn Nash SARD-TT DSN 227-8433

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

FY96 FY97 FY98 FY99 FY00 FY01

Total 3.3 3.3 3.7 3.6 3.7 3.2

SE.21.01.AFE Low Power Consumption RF Electronics. Develop affordable, low power consumption RF electronics for military man-portable communications and for airborne and space-based platforms that are volume and weight starved. The scope of work encompasses design, fabrication and simulation of device structures and materials for high power-added efficiency, miniaturized low loss filters, and circulators, ultrastable frequency control oscillators and clocks, enhanced component thermal management technologies, and mixed mode integrated circuits. In FY97, develop RF low power consumption GaAs RF ICs for advanced receivers. In FY98, develop communications and radar subsystems demonstrations illustrating the approach being taken to achieve a 5X reduction in power consumption and conduct demonstrations of miniature digital receivers aimed at increasing performance at a reduced cost, size and weight for radar/EW multi-function systems. This DTO supports F-22 radar and EW, GBR, GEN-X, CEC, MILSTAR, SCAMP, LONGBOW, BCIS, SADARM, STAFF, and BAT. The following Joint War Fighter Operational Needs/Capabilities are supported: Dominant Battlespace Knowledge, Information Warfare, Precision Force, Combat Identification, Electronic Warfare, Joint Theater Missile Defense, Military Operations in Urban Terrain, Joint Countermine, and Joint Readiness.

Svc/Agency POC:	USD(A&T) POC:	Customers:
Navy: ONR Ingham Mack	Susan Turnbach DDR&E (703) 695-0005	Navy/NAVAIR
Air Force: AFMC/ST STC Richard Davis		Air Force/ACC Richard Neff & SPC Lt.Col. Doug Owens
Army: SARD Fenner Milton		Army/CECOM Robert Giordano
DARPA: L. Glasser

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

FY96 FY97 FY98 FY99 FY00 FY01

Total 14.3 28.4 37.8 31.7 29.4 23.1

SE.22.01.ANFE Advanced IRFPA. DoD platforms have achieved superior reconnaissance, surveillance, tracking, and acquisition (RSTA) functions through the use of optical sensors with much of these achievements coming from focal plane sensors (i.e. Infrared Focal Plane Arrays (IRFPA)). Obstacles remain in developing truly autonomous and reliable RSTA functions because of limitations in range, detection in clutter, and false alarm rates. Advanced focal plane array technologies can be used to construct high performance multi-spectral sensors integrating both sensors and electronics in the same package, thereby greatly improving the range, sensitivity and performance of the optical sensor packages. Application of commercially compatible manufacturing techniques is expected to make affordable production of these sensors feasible. Spectral regions include UV, visible/NIR, MWIR, LWIR, VLWIR and MM wave in active or passive modes of operation and will include polarization effects.

A very long Wavelength IR (> 12mm) FPA employing an InGaAs/GaSb superlattice system and two color sensors is planned by FY98, enabling detection of quiescent man-made objects in deep space, an important new capability . Integration of on-chip signal processing with multi-spectral sensing components will demonstrate, by FY99, a detection range increase of 2x for cluttered scenes with acceptable false alarm rates and at a cost that is less than half of comparable multi-sensor approaches. Using three band IR FPAs and automated manufacturing, an automatic foveal search and targeting system will achieve a 10x increase in target detection capability for situational awareness by FY00. By employing active/passive 3D imaging with common aperture sensors, an improvement of up to 20x detection in clutter will be demonstrated by FY01. Integration of MM wave and IR sensors and processing on-chip will enhance detection of LO targets in clutter by FY02.

Svc/Agency POC:	USD(A&T) POC:	Customers:
Carolyn Nash SARD-TT DSN 227-8433	Susan Turnbach DDR&E (703) 695-0005	LtCol William Jacobs USA Mounted Battlespace Battle Labs DSN 464-3654
		Charles Thorton USA Dismounted Battlespace Battle Labs DSN 835-3082
		T Finch B-52 FLIR HQ ACC/LGFSZ 804-764-2791
		I. Fujawara Sidewinder AIM-9X 619-939-1851
		Joe Misanin Shipboard IRST NAVSEA06D3 703-602-4351

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

FY96 FY97 FY98 FY99 FY00 FY01

Total 39.6 34.3 19.5 24.7 9.9 8.9

SE.23.01.E Militarized Flat Panel Display Technology. Develop affordable and manufacturable displays for use military use and in particular for man portable applications. These flat panel displays must meet military unique needs that are not currently being addressed by commercial sources including operation under rugged conditions and extended temperature ranges, as well as the need to be legible in sunlight. Of particular importance is the miniature display thrust which will enable for the first time true heads up displays for helmets and cockpits, weapons sights and future soldier systems. Blue & white phosphors with brightness adequate for production displays will enable flat panel displays that should reduce power consumption by 4x in display systems and reduce weight and volume by 5x by FY96. Develop (1)low voltage and high luminous efficiency materials to reduce power requirements by 10x with current display addressing requirements by FY97, and (2) lightweight (10x size and weight decrease over flat panel), low power, high definition (2000x2000 element), full color miniature(i.e.1"x1") displays by the end of FY00.

Svc/Agency POC:	USD(A&T) POC:	Customers:
Carolyn Nash SARD-TT DSN 227-8433	Susan Turnbach DDR&E (703) 695-0005	H. Girolamo Command and Control Vehicle HMD NATICK RDEC DSN 256 5017
		D. Mariani Robotic Control Center RCC TACOM DSN 786 5696
		MARSS C. Boscoe TMDE DSN 746 1132

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

FY96 FY97 FY98 FY99 FY00 FY01

Total 85.5 50.9 57.3 56.1 56.7 59.0

SE.24.01.ANFE Optical Control of Radar, Comm. and Electronic Warfare Systems. Develop technology to control RF and microwave signals using fiber optic links for radar, communication and electronic warfare systems and achieve performance improvements due to better bandwidth capability as well as cost savings due to lighter, smaller, less complex and demanding assemblies. This approach can be applied to phased array radars and communications systems, automatic target recognition, electronic warfare and high-speed networks to achieve communication rates 10x-100x beyond of conventional electronic communication. Develop components for the optical control of phased array radars (including optical transceiver chips for high speed interconnection in noisy environments) and demonstrate that 100x weight saving in interconnection assemblies over electrical waveguide approaches can be achieved by FY98.

Develop fiber optic links for RF and microwave antenna remoting and optical control of phased arrays that can demonstrate a 10x enhanced system performance within current platform size, weight, power consumption and volume constraints by FY99. Demonstrate in FY05 an optical beamforming phased array radar employing opto-microwave integrated circuits (OMICs) and fiber optic links that has a 100x reduced weight and size and supports true time-delay and allows broadband RF beamsteering without "squint"(which is not possible with current systems).

Svc/Agency POC:	USD(A&T) POC:	Customers:
Ingham Mack ONR DSN 226-4825	Susan Turnbach DDR&E (703) 695-0005	John Montgomery NRL TEWD 202-767-6278
		Jerry Trunk 2573Radar Div. NRL 202-767-?
		Richard Britton PMS400 (AEGIS)NSEA 703-602-7296
		Glenn Kilpatrick Army Vint Hill Farm 540-349-7167
		Mark Posey, AIA Kelly AFB TXDSN 969-4589
		Tom Hamrock ASC/RAJ WPAFB 513-255-2388

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

FY96 FY97 FY98 FY99 FY00 FY01

Total 16.6 27.4 39.9 56.7 56.5 60.7

SE.25.01.NFE High Performance Microelectronics for Signal Processing and Computing. Develop devices and circuits to enable information dominance of the battlefield and provide survivable systems for information warfare defense. These technologies must provide superior performance (over commercially available products) for key military applications in high speed computing, signal conversion, and processing while extending density and reducing power dissipation. Leverage commercially available technology and develop novel silicon-based and III-V compound semiconductor devices that overcome barriers to the operating speed, the operating temperature and fabrication density. Develop memories with a 20x increase in speed-power performance by FY97, a family of analog to digital converters ranging from 4 bits at 20 Gsps to 20 bits at 20 Msps by FY99, improved neural network with 100K synapses with large fanout (>1000) and improved linearity and resolution (> 60 dB SFDR) by FY98, a medium scale integration SiC process that can produce circuits capable of operating up to 500oC by FY98, and extremely dense devices and circuits able to operate at high speed but consuming less then 0.1mW/gate-MHz by 2001 (200X improvement in power dissipation). Programs that are expected to directly employ these technologies are the F-22, Commanche, JAST with higher performance density circuits, AEGIS SPY 1-D, F-16 APG/68 upgrade, E2C AEW, F-22 and JAST with conversion circuits, and Commanche with neural networks]

Svc/Agency POC:	USD(A&T) POC:	Customers:
Ingham Mack ONR (703) 696-4825	Susan Turnbach DDR&E (703) 695-0005	Mr. Robert Kolesar NRad 619-553-9893
		Mr. T. J. Tampa NAVAIR Syscom 703-604-2200

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

FY96 FY97 FY98 FY99 FY00 FY01

Total 60.6 34.9 27.5 33.1 44.9 48.3

SE.26.01.AFH Radiation Resistant Microelectronic.. High performance and extremely dense radiation resistant microelectronics are crucial to achieving dominant battlespace knowledge and joint theater missile defense objectives. A major objective is to provide space and strategic systems with timely access to affordable state-of-the-art radiation resistant microelectronics, which increasingly involves leveraging commercially available microelectronics technology. Space applications which dominate current requirement for radiation resistant microelectronics demand significant reductions in weight, size and power while simultaneously increasing performance. Technical barriers include; achieving radiation survivability in high-performance, low-power, deep submicron (<0.35 (m) feature size microelectronics; reducing the cost; and delay in radiation hardening through the use of modeling and simulation, ad significantly increasing the density of electronic systems. Development of a submicron radiation resistant microelectronics fabrication process will produce a 16 fold increase in density and enable the demonstration of power converters with 95% efficiency, a radiation resistant 4 Mb static memory and a 32 bit data processor in FY98. Increasing performance by 100x, density by 10x and reducing power dissipation by 50x will be achieved using a radiation resistant deep submicron fabrication process demonstrating a radiation resistant 1000K gate array, 64 bit advanced microprocessor, 16 Mb static memory and a 12-16 bit, 40-100 Msps analog to digital converter by FY01. Customers for radiation resistant microelectronics include strategic missiles and satellites such as EKV, SMTS, GPS, MILSTAR, UHF follow-on, SBIRS, DSP, and NPOESS.

Svc/Agency POC:	USD(A&T) POC:	Customers:
Mr. R. C. Webb DNA 703-325-7016	Susan Turnbach DDR&E 703-695-0005	ADM Goebel/ Lt. Col. Langer USSTRATCOM 402-294-8304
Mr. Matt Holm DNA 703-325-0818		LtCol. David Lewis SAF/AQT 703-602-9300
Dr. B. K. Singaraju USAF Phillips Lab 505-846-0484		Maj. J. Wicklund DSN 692-5031
		Mr. Cullen USSPACECOM (DSRC) 609-734-2851
		Ms. K. Basany USAF SMC/MT (SD/CNVS) 310-363-0217
		Capt. B. Figgie BMDO/TRS 703-695-8841

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

FY96 FY97 FY98 FY99 FY00 FY01

Total 12.0 13.4 12.2 11.2 10.0 6.6

SE.27.01.E Microelectromechanical Systems. Develop advanced MEMS technology to significantly increase the capabilities of weapon platforms and information systems, while simultaneously decreasing their size, weight, cost and assembly complexity. Develop reliable repeatable fabrication techniques for microscale integrated electrical and mechanical systems. Demonstrate integration techniques for microscale sensors integrating thousands of transistors and 10-20 mechanical components on the same chip in FY96 and then use these techniques to develop an integrated inertial guidance system on a chip in FY97. Overcome fabrication, materials and physical barriers to develop highly integrated nanometer-feature-size microsystems that integrate sensors, processing circuits, and I/O (actuators, displays), produced by affordable, flexible fabrication techniques by FY01. Demonstrate a detailed model of aircraft flight under control of multiple (>10,000) distributed and embedded MEMS sensors, actuators, and processing elements in FY01. Positioning systems and inertial guidance systems are key applications areas, with the GPS program already employing MEMs, and it is expected that many future smart munitions will use MEMs for inertial guidance. Other applications include sensor and actuator systems for smart munitions, inertial guidance, chemical/biological agent detection, and for conformal surface control of aircraft structural elements.

Svc/Agency POC:	USD(A&T) POC:	Customers:
Ken Gabriel DARPA/ETO	Susan Turnbach DDR&E (703) 695-0005

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

FY96 FY97 FY98 FY99 FY00 FY01

Total 30.1 56.8 65.1 66.6 24.3 0

SE.28.01.FE Integrated Design Environment Technology. Demonstrate, by FY97, via an integrated design environment, virtual prototyping, and design reuse, a 4X improvement in the quality, acquisition cost, design cycle time, and life cycle cost for new digital signal processing systems and system retrofits. Demonstrate, in FY98, an upgrade to the AN/UYS2a-based Sonar Signal Processor with a 15X processing throughput improvement, to execute Echo Tracking Classifier (ETC) algorithms in real time for enhanced object detection in shallow water. New design technology will allow reduction of hardware from 13 printed circuit boards to 3, with minimal impact on existing software. The processor will be flight-tested in the ALFS`07 on the SH-60 helicopter. The Rapid Prototyping of Application Specific Signal Processors (RASSP) methods and tools will be transitioned commercially through major domestic CAD vendors starting in FY96. Beyond FY00, CAE technology will address the full integration of analog, digital, optical and microwave/millimeter wave circuits and yield an additional 50% reduction in integrated models cost.

Svc/Agency POC:	USD(A&T) POC:	Customers:
Army: Mr. Gelnovatch (908) 427-4884	Susan Turnbach DDR&E (703) 695-0005	Army: Linda Graceffo CECOM Night Vision Electronics & Sensors Directorate (703) 704-1745
Navy: Dr. Mack (703) 696-4825		Navy: Tim Singleton PMO-428 (PEO USW) (703) 602-0280
Air Force: Lt. Gen. Scofield (513) 255-5714		Navy: LT Cmdr Allison PMA-299 (703) 604-4000
DARPA: Dr. Glasser (703) 696-2213

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

FY96 FY97 FY98 FY99 FY00 FY01

Total 1.3 6.4 12.4 14.3 15.6 17.0

SE.29.01.FE Electronic Module Packaging and Interconnect Technology. The growing need for increased functionality in mobile military systems requires the use of modern integrated circuits with advanced multi-chip module (MCM) packaging and interconnection technologies. Significant military capabilities such as smart weapons, wireless communications, covert tags, individual soldier computers, navigation aides and tactical information assistants will be enabled using affordable MCM capabilities. Since military assemblies are often required to operate over a wide temperature range, meet stringent size, weight and power requirements, while remaining affordable, this DTO will focus on the research and development of technologies to design, fabricate, assemble and test high-density, electronic modules (including digital, analog, electromechanical, and optical components) that are suitable for small-quantity military system applications. In FY98, the ability to design MCMs in 1 month, at a tenth of the current cost, will be demonstrated. By FY00, scaleable manufacturing capabilities for mixed-signal MCMs, operating at 1 GHz clock rates, will be demonstrated.

Svc/Agency POC:	USD(A&T) POC:	Customers:
Army: Mr. Gelnovatch (908) 427-4884	Susan Turnbach DDR&E (703) 695-0005	Army: Bob Zanzalari CECOM (ATRJ) (908) 427-4676
Navy: Dr. Mack (703) 696-4825
Air Force: Lt. Gen. Scofield (513) 255-5714
DARPA: Dr. Glasser (703) 696-2213

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

FY96 FY97 FY98 FY99 FY00 FY01

Total 69.7 45.6 66.1 95.1 113.2 140.2

SE.30.01.ANFE Energy Storage and Distribution Technology. Provide, by FY98, at least 50-100% increased energy density for both primary and rechargeable batteries. This advance in battery energy density will enable corresponding reductions in portable energy source size and weight, and support increased demands for man-portable electronics contributing to the military's ability to project mobile forces and execute longer missions. Delivery of next-generation primary batteries for the 21st century Land Warrior Field demonstration (Soldier-System Command) are planned for FY96 and FY98. Power distribution on shipboard, airborne and vehicular platforms currently relies on diverse approaches, mostly reliant on military unique power components. Improvements in distribution efficiency of 10X in power density, and 3-5X in reliability and switching speed, are planned for year FY00. These improvements, along with digitally controlled common power elements, are expected to reduce power distribution costs to one-tenth of current approaches. Flexible digitally controlled building blocks should simplify large and complex power distribution problems on military platforms. Further, 3-5 fold gain in power density will be realized beyond year FY00 by utilizing wide-band gap materials for Power Electronic Building Blocks (PEBBs.)

Svc/Agency POC:	USD(A&T) POC:	Customers:
Army: Ms. Nash SARD-TT DSN 227-8433	Susan Turnbach DDR&E (703) 695-0005	Power Generation -Army: Dr. Lewis Dep Cmdr Soldier Systems Command (508) 651-5313
Navy: Dr. Mack (703) 696-4825		Power Distribution - Army: Mr. Khallil TARDEC (810) 574-7989
Air Force: Lt. Gen. Scofield (513) 255-5714		Power Distribution -Navy: Lt. CDR Whitcomb (703) 696-7742
DARPA: Dr. Glasser (703) 696-2213		Power Distribution - Navy: Lt. CDR Whitcomb (703) 696-7742

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

FY96 FY97 FY98 FY99 FY00 FY01

Total 16.9 10.0 8.7 12.3 13.2 15.6

SE.31.01.A Advanced Optics and Display Applications. Develop and demonstrate a family of core optics and sensor display technologies for future head-mounted high resolution display/sensor systems (HRDS). By FY96, select and develop state-of-the-art optics (defractive, aspheric, hybrids, etc.) sensors (CCD or Image Intensified DDC), and display (AMEL, FED, FLCD, etc.) technologies for integration into high performance, low weight/cg head-mounted vision systems. Utilize concurrent development of sensor read-out and display drive electronic architectures for power/bandwidth optimization. By FY97, develop laboratory concept demonstrator for integrated high resolution, 60° FOV, low power HRDS suitable for infantry use, with cross platform (Armor/Aviation) horizontal technology applicability. By FY98, complete fabrication of two (2) units using increased performance HRDS components for parallel demonstration with 21 CLW (Gen II Soldier) Integrated Helmet System.

Svc/Agency POC:	USD(A&T) POC:	Customers:
Carolyn Nash SARD-TT DSN 227-8433	Susan Turnbach DDR&E (703) 695-0005	Tom Mims BC-BL (706) 791-2800 DSN: 780-2800

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

FY96 FY97 FY98 FY99 FY00 FY01

Total 3.2 3.3 3.3 0 0 0

SE.32.01.ANE Warfare Support in Littoral Battlespace. Building upon a strong base of completed and on-going research in the open and coastal ocean, this initiative will develop and demonstrate selected capabilities to acquire and exploit meteorological and oceanographic battlespace environmental information for the current and predicted status of expeditionary, mine warfare, and anti-submarine warfare (ASW) (underwater acoustic) systems and scenarios. A significant aspect of the program is the application of such capabilities to Joint Logistics Over The Shore (JLOTS). Recent experience in JLOTS has demonstrated that accurate surface wave predictions require detailed wind conditions, bathymetry, and current conditions (FY96). Components of this initiative include: the exploitation of the existing AEGIS system to provide NEXRAD-like doppler radar weather monitoring and measurement to 150 nmi excess (FY97); demonstration of a finite element model for coastal application/complete global hindcast climatologies for JLOTS applications (FY97); demonstration of an integrated Autonomous Ocean Sampling Network of oceanographic measurement nodes for high-resolution spatial and temporal characterization of a regional littoral under-ocean environment (FY98); generation of a prototype On-Scene Analysis and Forecast System capable of regional battlespace environment prediction, from inputs of current meteorological and oceanographic conditions and use of developed coupled atmospheric and oceanographic models (FY99); demonstration of an integrated wave, water level, currents, and sediment model for coastal areas (FY99); extension of the acoustic-based ASW capability in shallow water in specific environments (Yellow Sea, Persian Gulf, Mediterranean Sea, Red Sea, Baltic Sea) by a factor of 2 to 5 by using coupled air-ocean environmental predictions for acoustic propagation conditions (FY99); extension the ASW performance prediction to all littoral areas with a relocatable prediction model that can be executed in real-time with minimal advance notice (FY01); and an expansion of our knowledge base and understanding of the physical conditions and variables that affect the performance of sensors and operating systems for expeditionary, mine warfare, and ASW, including quantitative measures of environmental influences in all these topics. In particular, these components include research efforts on the development of an integrated model for the effects of suspended atmospheric particulates (aerosols, in cooperation with the Lower Atmosphere topical area) upon the performance of electromagnetic and optical sensors used for sea mine hunting and coastal ship defense (FY98); the derivation of "auto-focusing" algorithms to correct for mine-hunting synthetic aperture sonar phase perturbations produced by spacial variabilities of sound speed in water (FY97); the development of improved predictions of wave dynamics which can affect the performance of undersea pressure and acoustic influence mines, as well as the operating dynamics in an amphibious operating area (FY00); and the demonstration of a 3-D turbulence model for localized sediment scour to support JLOTS (FY00).

Svc/Agency POC:	USD(A&T) POC:	Customers:
M. Briscoe ONR DSN 226-4120	Capt. Smith ODDR&E (703) 695-9604	Fleet Numerical Meteorology and Oceanography Command (FNMOC) CAPT R.J. Plante DSN 878-4327
		Naval Oceanography Office (NAVOCEANO) Dr. Andy Johnson DSN 485-4403

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

FY96 FY97 FY98 FY99 FY00 FY01

Total 12.1 16.1 18.0 18.4 6.9 6.9

SE.33.01.ANF Combat Weather Support. Demonstrate by FY97, new capabilities to incorporate battlefield weather observations from different sources/times into analysis fields for data limited battle areas on land and at sea. Participate in operational test exerciser such as FOAL EAGLE and Advanced Warfighting Experiment (AWE). This will improve 48 hour target weather forecast accuracy by 20%. Deliver by FY98, an artificial intelligence 1 to 12 hour forecast model "first-in" capability for communication-denied battle areas. This will improve target weather forecast accuracy at 12 hours by 40% over currently used climatology. Deliver distributed shipboard and battlefield weather prediction systems FY00.

This improved analysis and forecast capability satisfies the joint needs of the services of battlespace (mesoscale) weather support to combat operations. As such, it supports Precision Force through improved Joint Force decisions concerning the best times to neutralize enemy targets under specific weather conditions. For example, a recent DoD study showed that a 10% forecast improvement would lead to a 15% increase in Probability of Kill (Pk) accuracy calculation resulting in a huge cost savings from better smart weapons utilization. By FY00, deliver compregensive, distributed shipboard and battlefield weather prediction systems. These products will be tranistioned through a joint tactical weather system.

Svc/Agency POC:	USD(A&T) POC:	Customers:
Catherine Kominos SARD-TP (703) 697-3558	CAPT Smith ODDR&E (703) 695-9604	Air Weather Service Col Joseph Dushan, AWS/CC DSN 576-3265 ACC AFSOC PEOC3S USN Fleet US Army through Air Force Director of Weather.

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

FY96 FY97 FY98 FY99 FY00 FY01

Total 4.7 4.4 4.4 4.4 3.4 3.5

SE.34.01.A Smoke, Obscurants, and Camouflage. The need exists to conceal friendly force assets from threat sensors, and for sensors to acquire enemy low observable (LO) targets. Signature management systems provide mobile and semi-mobile assets (e.g., Abrams, Theater Missile Defense -TMD) with low cost, low burden survivability enhancements addressing detection avoidance and hit avoidance in global battlefield conditions. Low Observable Simulation (LOSIM) will provide a capability to evaluate operational effectiveness of sensors and LO targets against one another and provide the input data to realistically portray LO and deception wargame simulations. Obscurant materials will block or defeat enemy RSTA assets in the millimeter wave region of the electromagnetic spectrum. By FY97, demonstrate a millimeter wave screening material that degrades to non-harmful residues after completing its intended mission. By FY99, develop reactive IR suppressive coatings to reduce vehicle and solar loading signature over an extended period of a 24 hour cycle and varying background. By FY99, demonstrate LOSIM non-real-time simulation capability for scene generation and target assessment to determine LO requirements and effectiveness. Demonstrate feasibility for inserting real-time multiple sensor simulation of LO target effects into wargame simulations. By FY00, develop a hybrid passive/reactive signature management system to reduce the detection range of moving vehicle by 50% and an active/passive camouflage screen that significantly reduces the signature of general purpose platforms. By FY02, develop a fully active multi-spectral signature management and deception system, operating in the radar, infrared, and visual spectrums, for combat vehicles.

Svc/Agency POC:	USD(A&T) POC:	Customers:
Carolyn Nash SARD-TT 703-697-8432 DSN: 227-8432	CAPT Bradley Smith 703-695-9604
Tricia Werss ERDEC DSN 384-5378

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

FY96 FY97 FY98 FY99 FY00 FY01

Total 1.0 1.0 1.0 0 0 0

SE.35.01.ANF Electro-Magnetic & EO Propagation in Lower Atmosphere. The objective of this program is to develop and validate the models which translate the measured or forecasted state of the atmosphere into terms that define the state of the atmosphere on specific systems and operations. All battlefield activities require sensors that operate in or through the lower atmosphere: Communication systems, weapons systems, reconnaissance systems, etc. A common requirement for all of these systems is a knowledge of the propagation characteristics at the required wavelengths. The spectral range of interest extends from the visible through the infrared to the microwave region. This objective will be met through joint Service developments of atmospheric propagation models and comprehensive decision aids incorporating the propagation models into a complete description of targets, backgrounds, atmospheric propagation and system characteristics. Specific developments include, by FY98, complete development of refractivity model in support of communications in the littoral region. This model will be transitioned for shipboard C4I applications and is expected to provide a 20% improvement in the prediction of communication outages. By FY98, transition to DMSO, a capability to ingest climatological statistics from satellite observations directly into DoD standard transmission models. This will provide a world-wide capability to specify the propagation state of the atmosphere in real-time. By FY99, transition tactical targeting EO simulator to AF Mission Planning Systems. This development includes the capability to specify detailed scenes according to the spectral response of the weapon system. By FY99, develop and validate propagation and background models including the high resolution effects of smoke, camouflage, concealment, deception and low observables. This capability will be developed for urban and complex terrain and will improve target acquisition by 50%. By FY01, demonstrate a capability of satellite remote sensing of the battlespace environment and its tactical application in operational decision aids. This capability is expected to revolutionize mission planning.

These products will be transitioned to AWS (AF), CECOM and STRICOM (Army), and USN Fleet (Navy).

Svc/Agency POC:	SMC/XRT POC:	Customers:
Catherine Kominos SARD-TR (703) 697-3558	Capt. Bradley Smith ODDR&E (703) 695-9604	Air Weather Service Col. Joseph Dushan, AWS/CC DSN 576-3265
		US Army through AF Director of Weather USN Fleet, ACC, AFSOC, CECOM, STRICOM

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

FY96 FY97 FY98 FY99 FY00 FY01

Total 4.4 4.5 4.7 5.0 5.3 5.4

SE.36.01. F Specification of the C3I Battlespace Environment. The efficient and unrestricted flow of information between all levels of Command is critical to the success of every military operation. The ionosphere, that region of the earth's upper atmosphere that supports or hinders the propagation of electromagnetic signals must be factored into the design and operation of military C3I Systems. Direct support to Commander in the field (via JCS) during Desert Storm was key to strategic planning and important to engineering support costs. Ongoing support in present areas of conflict is now integrated into mission planning, to minimize surprise loss of access to GPS and C3I space assets. A 95% increase in specifying global ionospheric disturbances (scintillation) conditions by FY07 will result in a commensurate decrease in the number of times warfighting units will unexpectedly suffer C3I outages and a 66% decrease in the time (and costs) associated with anomaly resolution. Improving the reliability of specifying global ionospheric disturbance (scintillation) conditions by a factor of five, by FY98, will provide a ten-times decrease in the number of times the warfighter will suffer surprise losses of C3 system operational capabilities, including GPS, and will reduce by a factor of three the time/cost of determining the cause of C3I system interruptions/degradations. By FY02, with the availability of space and ground-based sensor data to drive physical models of the battlespace environment, the technology will be available to provide the capability for prompt, accurate, specifications and forecasts of the battlespace environment and its impact on C3I systems, anywhere in the world.

Svc/Agency POC:	USD(AT)POC:	Customers:
William Vickery PL/GPI (617) 377-3031 DSN 478-3031	CAPT Smith ODDR&E (703) 695-9604	Col Joseph Dushan AWS DSN 576-3276
		Jack Miller AFSPC/SCZ DSN 692-3898
		LtCol Alan Ronn AFSPC/DOOW DSN

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

FY96 FY97 FY98 FY99 FY00 FY01

Total 2.5 2.4 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.3

	FY96	FY97	FY98	FY99	FY00	FY01
Total	0.4	1.9	4.5	6.1	7.0	0.2

DEFENSE TECHNOLOGY OBJECTIVESSENSORS, ELECTRONICS AND BATTLESPACE ENVIRONMENT

DEFENSE TECHNOLOGY OBJECTIVES
SENSORS, ELECTRONICS AND BATTLESPACE ENVIRONMENT