Strategic technology development will focus on advanced ballistic intercept missile configurations such as Standard Missile. Demonstrate by FY98, through flight tests, missile response times that are less than one-third of those currently achieved and lateral aerodynamic maneuver levels that are 2-3 times those currently achieved using a Standard Missile size airframe. By FY99 demonstrate, through flight tests, enhanced lateral maneuverability under low Q conditions (where aerodynamic control alone is insufficient to produce the desired lateral maneuver) using a Standard Missile sized airframe incorporating a forward to mid-body mounted jet reaction thruster (having a thrust magnitude on the level of the AIM9 motor) integrated via the autopilot with the missile's tail control surface.

Tactical technology developments will focus on advanced anti-air missile configurations including Sidewinder, AMRAAM and ship defense systems. While the Navy and Air Force are both developing advanced flight controls using reaction jet control (RJC) technologies, fundamental differences in implementation and target application produce an entirely different set of technology development and system engineering challenges.

Advanced flight control technologies involve hybrid canard-RJC on a Sidewinder sized airframe. A standalone RJC system which is independent from the missile main motor will be developed. Milestones include the demonstration, by FY98, through flights tests, of a 400°/sec body turn rate and 60-g lateral acceleration capability. This effort supports an increased survivability of surface and air platforms against potential increasingly sophisticated threat weapons, i.e., current and next generation Russian and French short-range anti-air missiles and current and next generation supersonic anti-ship cruise missiles. Canard-RJC will increase Navy Air Platform survivability against current and anticipated threat short range missiles and will increase the rapidity of pitch over maneuvers immediately after vertical launch as well as provide end-game lateral maneuverability for hit to kill lethality against current and anticipated supersonic anti-ship cruise missiles. High body turning rates and hi-g (400°/sec; 60g) airframes will reduce the next generation short range air-to-air missile turn radius by a factor of eight when compared to the AIM-9 Sidewinder and double the outer boundary intercept range. The airframe component technologies that will be demonstrated are a lightweight hybrid composite material airframe structure, an ultra high-speed electromechanical fin actuator; adaptive robust autopilot designs based upon H-infinity, u-synthesis design techniques and canard-RJC flight control system.

Advanced flight control technologies will be developed involving hybrid tailfin-RJC primarily for advanced AMRAAM application. The Air Force has chosen RJC. technique which use the main missile motor as an energy source. In addition, an electronically steered, conformal active RF seeker is being developed for flight demonstration on the advanced missile airframe. The Air Force will demonstrate, by FY00, unguided flight tests, the ability to reorient an AMRAAM sized vehicle through 180 degree flight path angle in just under 3 seconds after launch. This turning performance is possible due to very robust, nonlinear flight control software which enables the missile to capture 90 degree angle of attack approximately 1 second after launch. Upon reorientation toward a very high off boresight target, a kinematic flyout capability of more than 25 miles to the beam, and more than 15 miles to the rear of the launch aircraft will be demonstrated. In addition, this effort will demonstrate, by FY02, captive carry experiments, an electronically steered seeker concept with an instantaneous field of regard of more than 155 degrees off-boresight. This effort will also demonstrate, by FY04, guided flight test, an integrated advanced seeker/airframe which will provide a tremendous rear hemisphere intercept capability while also improving AMRAAM forward hemisphere performance. This activity supports documented Air Combat Command AIM-120 kinematics and seeker deficiencies as well as Aerospace Control TPIPT identified next generation Dual Range Missile technology needs. The time frame for demonstration of these technologies will allow timely transition of these technologies to planned AMRAAM follow-on system improvements as well as planned next generation missile Demonstration/Validation programs.

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

Achievement of this DTO will yield a baseline IR self-protection capability for rotary wing, tactical fighter and large airlift/transport/tanker class of slow-moving aircraft from existing and projected advanced IR missile threats. Current capabilities for such aircraft are little or no missile warning capability, augmented with limited capability, conventional flare technology. Benefit to the warfighter will be increased survivability, achieving over a 2X increase in effective jamming ranges, at affordable life-cycle cost. Added long term benefits of integrated EO/IRCM capabilities will be realized in EW effectiveness versus optical tracking and laser-designating/tracking threat functions.

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

In a parallel effort, develop and demonstrate Space-Based Laser (SBL) technology to support a system development decision for a multi-mission SBL (Theater Missile Defense, National Missile Defense, ASAT, Air Defense, and Surveillance). The previously demonstrated MW-class Alpha HF chemical laser, LAMP (Large Aperture Mirror Program) 4-meter segmented telescope, and LODE (Large Optics Demonstration Experiment) out-going wave beam control technologies will be integrated in the Alpha/LAMP Integration (ALI) demonstration to be completed in FY97. The High Altitude Balloon Experiment (HABE) will demonstrate at low power in the target environment a complete acquisition, tracking and pointing suite which is scaleable to SBL operational requirements. The primary remaining technical issues for SBL involve integration of hardware components into a light-weighted flight-ready configuration for final ground tests and an optional space flight/demonstration (SHIELD program), and integration of the target acquisition and tracking system which will be demonstrated in a separate integrated experiment (HABE program). LAMP and LODE technologies are currently being integrated in a vacuum chamber (for space simulation) adjacent to the current Alpha vacuum chamber. In FY97, ALI will demonstrate integrated generation, stabilization, and projection of a megawatt class high power laser beam. Critical parameters of beam quality, wavefront error, and jitter will achieve near weapon scale performance with power and aperture size (area) at 1/4 scale of an operational SBL system. Advanced technology demonstrations to double brightness, such as phase conjugation and operation at HF overtone will be conducted in FY99. An uncooled remotely aligned Alpha laser resonator will be completed in FY99 and tested in FY00.

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

The benefits will be demonstrated over 2 phases. The first phase will baseline small munition technology and runs from Sept 95 to June 97. During phase I, the following technologies will be demonstrated: (1) demonstrate a 250lb munitions ability to penetrate 6 feet of re-enforced concrete; (2) demonstrate that a 250lb munition is effective against 85% of the BLU-109 2010 fixed target threats; (3) demonstrate that a GPS/INS guidance, navigation, and control (GN&C) system with folding fins can be packaged to fit within a 6 inch diameter, 18 inch length; (4) demonstrate that the GN&C can control the airframe and meet terminal impact conditions of <1 degree angle of attack and > 80 degree impact angle; (5) demonstrate a GN&C accuracy of 3 meters excluding target location error using differential GPS/INS.

The second phase starts in FY98 and runs through FY02. During Phase II, the following technologies will be demonstrated: (1) demonstrate an enhanced fragmentation/enhanced blast warhead with an explosive 1.5 times the energy in tritonal; (2) demonstrate that the warhead in conjunction with the Hard Target Smart Fuze's (HTSF) ability to sense layers/voids can be detonated at the appropriate location to ensure the warheads effectiveness against 85% of the JDAM MK83/BLU-109 2010 fixed target threats; (3) demonstrate that an anti-jam GPS with a 120 db jam to signal ratio (50 db better than commercial systems) is effective up until 1 NMI from a 100k watt jammer; (4) demonstrate a less than 3 meter accuracy (400% improvement over JDAM accuracy) using a LADAR terminal seeker.

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

The new warhead design will employ a sub-caliber, high density penetrator to achieve the higher sectional pressures (i.e., Weight/Area) necessary for increased penetration. The AUP program will employ ultra-high density tungsten explosives to achieve the highest possible sectional pressures. The external dimensions, physical interfaces, and aerodynamic characteristics of the BLU-109 warhead will be maintained by placing the smaller diameter dense penetrator within a light weight aerodynamic shroud/faring, which is designed to serve as the interface between the aircraft/penetrator/standard guidance kit components. The AUP employment of the HTSF, will eliminate the current need for mission planners to precalculate the fuze's time delay, based on target intelligence data, this is often in error. Perfect knowledge of the target, perfect penetration predictions, and exact repeatability of impact conditions will no longer be required to achieve optimum results. The HTSF uses accelerometer-based technology which provides warhead detonation based on layer/void count, depth of burial, or backup electrically settable time delay. The HTSF is also being adapted for the large unitary penetrators such as the GBU-28 and the I-2000 (BLU-109/B). A smooth, low risk transition of the fuze to a streamlined Engineering Manufacturing Development (EMD) is being insured by concurrently addressing issues such as producibility, product assurance, human factors, manufacturing, environmental qualification testing and by the operational representative F-117/GBU-27 flight test during the Advance Development (6.3) program. The HTSF program will continue to mature this technology and reduce the overall risk for future inventory use and provide a demonstrated, producible, tactical baseline fuze.

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

The GPS/Inertial Competent Munitions program will develop an integrated GPS/IMU unit that will provide in-flight guidance, navigation and control with anti-jam capability in a form factor small enough to fit into a 9 in ³ NATO standard fuze-well. The small size of the unit will allow it to be used on the JDAM, which makes use of the 'dumb' bombs and projectiles thereby preserving the current investment while substantially increasing their accuracy. In the initial development phase a GPS translator will be used on the registration/spotting round to provide the warfighter accurate flight path data for calculating the fire control solution for the subsequent ordnance delivery rounds. The ordnance delivery rounds will be equipped with a GPS/IMU unit for guidance, navigation, and in-flight trajectory correction thereby reducing the average miss distance for a 30 kilometer shot from 250 meters to a few meters in a non-jamming environment. The anti-jam features of the unit will insure that the predicted level of accuracy can be maintained in a jamming environment. The GPS/IMU guidance unit will also be integrated with an improved delivery projectile capable of extending the range of the current Navy 5"/54 munitions from 30 out to 50+ miles thereby improving the range, accuracy, and effectiveness of Naval Surface Fire Support (NSFS) to the Marines in littoral operations.

Technology will be developed that will verify the Auto-registration capabilities of the GPS/Inertial Competent Munitions program. The Auto-registration effort will involve building a GPS translator unit capable of surviving a high-g launch environment. This GPS translator will be used to receive and relay the GPS navigation signals needed to track the trajectory and impact of the projectile thereby providing unobserved round registration and automated fire control correction. The ability to accurately determine the impact point of the spotting rounds provides a significant increase in the effectiveness of the subsequent ordnance delivery rounds. In FY96-98 the GPS/Inertial Competent Munitions program will demonstrate an operational system that implements a tracking projectile using GPS, predicts an impact point of the projectile, and then generates real time fire correction coordinates. This effort will also develop the technology required to enable the GPS/IMU to provide in-flight trajectory corrections of projectiles. This effort will directly feed in-flight guidance and control development work.

The GPS/Inertial Competent Munitions program consists of developing the technology to miniaturize the GPS/IMU to fit into a 9 in³ volume and to utilize this guidance package to control the trajectory of the projectile in-flight and to increase the range of the weapons used for NSFS. The Navy will leverage the Army's work on inertial in-flight correction to develop the technology to change the trajectory of the munitions by adjusting control mechanisms based on position readings from the GPS/IMU. By constantly monitoring actual versus planned trajectory, the unit can calculate the control inputs necessary to bring the munition back on trajectory and thereby reduce the average miss distance and increase the lethality of the munitions. Integrating the GPS/IMU in-flight guidance and control work with the technology required to increase the range and payload of the projectiles used for NSFS will be accomplished. Increasing the range and effectiveness of NSFS means more kills per round which translates into improved fire support for Marine operations from fewer NSFS assets. The range extension portion of the program will develop a high lift-to-drag, double ram composite projectile that is capable of delivering a 70 pound projectile at a distance of 50 or more miles. This program will leverage technologies from both the DNA composite projectile and the Army's HICAP programs.

The Anti-jam GPS Technology Flight Test (AGTFT) program will develop the technology to provide an anti-jam (AJ) capability for the GPS/IMU guidance system in order to maintain the current JDAM performance requirements in a jamming environment. The objective of the AGTFT program is to provide the best AJ capability for the lowest incremental cost with respect to the JDAM unit production cost ($72,000 unit by FY92 dollars). The AGTFT program is specifically tailored to address a JDAM PIP concern - GPS performance while being jammed. JDAM PIP is funding a portion of this program in order to ensure this concern is addressed. The AGTFT AJ Subsystem will undergo testing (FY96) to characterize both the AJ electronics functionality as well as the antenna patterns of the AGTFT four element-controlled radiation pattern antenna. The AJ subsystem will then be integrated into the AGTFT flight test vehicles (JDAM weapons) and ground tested (FY01). The flight tests will utilize a modified F-16 aircraft, and the launches will be performed in jamming environments. Flight testing is expected to be completed in early FY98 in order to meet the current JDAM PIP milestone schedule.

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

The Munitions Survivability program will develop technologies to improve the survivability of vulnerable munitions logistics nodes, to include airheads, ports and ammunition storage areas. Munitions survivability is obtained by (1) increasing munitions distribution velocity, (2) protecting munitions storage areas, and (3) developing systems to provide emergency resupply directly to forward fighting units.

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

The ATD addresses common deficiencies that exist in the Air Superiority and Defense Precision Strike Thrusts which require extended range, high-speed missile concepts. FASTHAWK will deliver weapon payloads to address the needs of the warfighter as defined in the "Joint Warfighting S&T Plan" and the individual Service requirements documents, including increased platform survivability, precision strike, low cost, longer range, and less visibility. FASTHAWK can be either surface-launched, subsurface-launched (ABL or VLS), or air-launched and would provide a common low-cost delivery platform. The supersonic velocity provided by the FASTHAWK missile will provide significantly reduced time-to-target (13 min @ 500 nmi) and provide increased maneuverability and range. These attributes will provide a supersonic, low-observable, high-energy payload delivery to fixed targets, including hardened targets, eliminating the need for precision delivery by aircraft. It will result in an increased launcher survivability with the resultant cost savings. These technologies are also applicable to other sized missile airframes including 12" diameter surface-to-air configurations with equivalent ranges and reduced target times. It will also significantly reduce maintenance costs (standardized off-the-shelf equipment and simpler systems) and logistics costs (S/F commonality). Technology in this ATD will transition to the Tomahawk Block 5 missile system. Major Area Defense programs which have indicated interest in this technology include Navy (PEO CU), PEO(TAD), AEGIS), Army (Corps SAM, Patriot), and Air Force. A letter of intent has been received from the Army at MICOM to jointly investigate this concept. Transition will be coordinated with block program efforts and with the technical POC for each program.

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

In a parallel effort, develop and demonstrate laser system technologies for a disrupt/destroy (D2) laser weapon to counter the next generation IR-guided SAM and AAM threats. Applies moderate-power laser device and beam control technology to demonstrate a robust capability to negate IR-guided missiles by degrading/destroying the IR seeker. The FY99 demonstration will be conducted initially against live-fire missiles, flown against a cable-car mounted laser system. Demonstrate by FY01 a D2 IRCM prototype laser/beam control system on a large aircraft platform. This program will be a coordinated Army/Navy/Air Force effort to address self-protection for large aircraft and helicopters against shoulder- and air-launched IR missiles. This will provide a more robust IR countermeasure than conventional jamming but requires a higher power laser and necessary effects database. Also develop by FY01 Fotofighter laser technology by combining technology development for semiconductor laser diodes, coherent laser diode array architectures, and electronic beam steering into demonstration of moderate- to high-power laser systems which can be constructed as conformal arrays of phased, electronically steerable diode lasers in the skin of an advanced aircraft. This demonstration will establish the technology for low drag, compact, high efficiency laser weapons for use in both offensive and defensive roles. Fotofighter provides an all-aspect capability for air-to-air and air-to-surface engagements. Technology advancements needed include wide-angle beam steering, high power thermal control of laser arrays, and wavelength versatile semiconductor laser materials. The criterion for success is demonstration of a building block, kilowatt-class phased array laser module for scaling to multi-kilowatt applications. Demonstrate by FY05 kilowatt-level short wavelength phased laser arrays. Demonstrate by FY06 100 Watt infrared phased laser arrays. This will be a coordinated Air Force/Navy effort.

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

Key Demos:
FY96-

• A Combustion Driven Pulsed Acoustic Device will be demonstrated.

FY97-

• Acoustic bio-effects activities continue with the goal of acoustic device testing by the Soldier
• A downselect (conducted by Soldier live firings) will take place from amongst 40mm (M203), Muzzle Launched Ordnance (M16A2) and 12 gauge blunt impact non-penetrating munitions.
• A non lethal Claymore mine which dispenses rubber "sting" balls will be demonstrated.
• An anti-personnel entanglement munition fired from an 40mm (M203) will be demonstrated.
• Also being pursued is Speed Bump, a pre-emplaced remotely activated vehicle stopper, ready for demonstration in FY97.
• A Volcano mine dispensed concertina wire demonstration will take place in FY97 for use as both an anti-personnel and anti-materiel barrier.
• In Riot Control Agents, a Mid-sized dispenser test item will be available for Soldier test.

FY98-

• A variable velocity barrel is also being pursued for demonstration in FY98.

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

An alternate approach for a miniaturized IMU being pursued by the Navy, the Precision Strike Navigator, will be demonstrated, by FY98. Using advanced polymer on silicon technology, a low cost ($2K/axis), 1 NM/hr (inertial grade), hybrid fiber optic gyro (FOG) based inertial measurement unit (IMU) chip, containing the accelerometer, FOG optics and all of the IMU electronics will be demonstrated. The fiber coil is external to the chip. It provides a potential low cost miniature inertial grade IMU whose projected cost is $6K (based on 100,000 unit production volume) for a complete 3-axis IMU. This IMU could then be integrated with a miniaturized GPS receiver.

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

In parallel, develop and demonstrate HPM technology for suppression of enemy air defense (SEAD) applications. Objectives include permanent damage of integrated air defense systems electronics. First step is determination of lethality parameters to defeat a wide range of targets. Primary technical challenge is development of a compact, high peak power narrowband HPM source with pulse energy sufficient to destroy system electronics within the required target irradiation area. Single or multiple pulses are required dependent on platform and mission scenarios. Substantial advancement in both pulse power (factor of two increase in efficiency) and RF source technology (factor of five in pulse energy) is needed, as well as technology to extract high power RF from a small platform. Air Force plans to demonstrate explosively-powered, single pulse device compatible with bomb delivery in FY99 and multi-pulse device compatible with UAV in FY03.

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):

Programmed DTO Funding ($M):