GLOBAL BROADCAST SERVICEJOINT OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS DOCUMENT (JORD)

1. General Description of Operational Capability.

a. Overall Mission Area. Joint operations require high-speed, multimedia communications and information flow for deployed, on the move (in-transit), or garrisoned forces. Current and future joint operations require taking advantage of new technology and information transfer systems to support modern warfare. The Global Broadcast Service (GBS) will augment and interface with other communications systems and provide a continuous, high-speed, one-way flow of high volume information to deployed, on the move, or garrisoned forces. GBS will support routine operations, training and military exercises, special activities, crisis, situational awareness, weapons targeting, intelligence, and the transition to and conduct of opposed operations short of nuclear war. GBS will provide the capability to quickly disseminate large information products to various joint and small user platforms. Coverage will be worldwide.

b. Type of System Proposed. The Global Broadcast Service (GBS) system is proposed as a satellite-based broadcast capability.

The broadcast signals would be transmitted to a large inventory of user receive units within the CINCs' AOR. The basic capability, previously unavailable, would provide a high data rate bit stream of video, data, imagery, and other information from high powered broadcast satellites to a large section of the force structure and numerous warfighting platforms. The satellites will eventually be required to provide continuous and simultaneous coverage to broad regions of the earth's surface in support of widely dispersed forces. The high data rate bit stream would be transmitted from a limited number of fixed and deployable injection terminals and controlled by the CINCs, and managed by the broadcast management segment in each satellite field of view. The information being transmitted is envisioned to have been received from a myriad of sources and packaged for the high data rate bit stream by the Satellite Broadcast Manager (SBM) at the direction of the CINCs.

The CINCs theater information manager is concerned with establishing CINC priorities, authorizing user access, coordinating broadcast schedules, and allocating resources. The system will take maximum advantage of commercial products, technologies, and non-developmental items. Decisions previously made: The Global Broadcast Service was designated as a joint program on 27 March 1996, by direction of the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Technology (USD(A&T)). A number of decisions were embedded in the formal program designation and have also been approved by the Congress.

These include the current phased approach for providing satellite broadcast payload assets over time. A major decision was made to place a limited capability GBS payload onboard the last three UHF Follow-On (UFO) spacecraft (UFO 8, 9, and 10). The major performance features of the UFO GBS payload were briefed to and endorsed by the Joint Requirements Oversight Council (JROC) and the Expanded Defense Resources Board (EDRB). Due to the decision regarding the UHF Follow-On spacecraft GBS capability, the space segment assets will have at least three distinct phases of fielded capability. The three phases are described below:Phase 1 (FY96 - FY98): Limited leased commercial satellite services operating at Ku-band for concept of operations development, demonstrations, and limited operational support.Phase 2 (FY98 - FY06+): Payload packages hosted on UHF Follow-On satellites 8, 9, and 10 with the downlink broadcast operating at 20.2-21.2 GHz (Ka-band). As only three UHF Follow-On satellites will be equipped with the GBS Ka-band payloads, the continued lease of commercial satellite services at Ku-band will be required to augment UFO GBS where coverage gaps exist and may be required to complement the UFO GBS limited number and size of downlink beams.Phase 3 (FY06+):

The objective GBS on-orbit capability will provide increased capacity, worldwide coverage, and the capability to broadcast near continuous or time critical information to broadly dispersed users. The specific solution for the GBS long-term capability will be developed in accordance with the DOD MILSATCOM Architecture as maintained by the DOD Space Architect.This GBS ORD accommodates the decisions that have been made regarding the phased approach for providing GBS on-orbit satellite payload capabilities, the requirements for the fixed and transportable injection terminals along with their associated broadcast management functions that will support the use of the UHF Follow-On GBS payloads, and those that will support the use of the Phase 3 space segment assets.

This ORD also describes the requirements of the user receive units that will receive information from the UHF Follow-On satellite GBS payloads and that will receive information from the Phase 3 space segment assets. Additionally, this ORD describes the requirements for the Phase 3 GBS space segment capability, as known today.

(1) Space Segment. The GBS space segment will be implemented in three phases. Ground based Telemetry, Tracking and Control (TT&C) resources will be required to manage the space segment to ensure payload objectives are achieved. The TT&C resources will be responsible for the space segment's "health" and will resolve any space segment anomalies.

(2) Broadcast Management Segment (BMS). The broadcast management segment will accept, coordinate, and package (if required), information (general broadcast products, smart push products, user pull products) from national and theater sources to be broadcast based on the direction and priorities of the supported CINCs, commanders, and their functional users. The BMS will also include the functions necessary to support the efficient use of GBS. These functions include, but are not limited to, providing interface protocols and standards to allow information producers to submit information in a form acceptable by the GBS broadcast, coordinate with Theater Information Managers (TIMs) to apply CINC dissemination priorities to information destined for broadcast in their respective AOR, coordinate with TIMs and information producers to attempt to satisfy users requests forwarded by the TIM and unable to be satisfied by other means. The broadcast management segment will include both transmit management and receive management functions. The transmit function will manage the information flow to the appropriate injection point for transmission to the satellite. The receive function will support the filtering of user determined relevant information from the broadcast streams and the dissemination of the receiver information from receive suites to end users' servers or application. The broadcast management segment will maximize on-orbit capabilities to include uplink and downlink beam steerage and transponder configurations. The broadcast management segment will require manning to meet operational requirements.

(3) Primary Injection Point (PIP): The PIP will uplink information received from the broadcast management segment to the space segment. The PIPs will be fixed facilities. For Phase 2 there will be a PIP located within the footprint of each GBS equipped UFO satellite.

(4) Theater Injection Points (TIP): The TIP includes transmit broadcast management and transmit uplink capabilities necessary to accept, coordinate, package, and to transmit vital CINC/CJTF/component directed in-theater information to the space segment. The TIP will be a transportable system located ashore or afloat. Afloat operations will require modifications to the TIP.

(5) Receive Suites: The receive suite includes the receive terminal, cryptographic equipment, (when required) and the receive broadcast management equipment. The receive terminal will consist of a small satellite antenna and receiver equipment that will receive and convert downlink GBS radio frequency (RF) signal into a bit stream. The receive broadcast management equipment will provide the functions necessary to convert the broadcast into a video and DII and COE compatible format. The receive suite will be owned, operated, and fielded to lower echelons. The user is responsible for all peripheral devices (i.e., TV, computer hardware, monitor, special encryption devices, etc.) needed to make information useable.

c. Operational Concept.

The operational concept for GBS is defined in the Joint Concept of Operations dated 24 January 1996. Today's deployed, on-the-move, and garrisoned forces require large volumes of information tailored toward specific operations. Required tactical information products include Air Tasking Orders (ATOs), Tomahawk Mission Data Updates (MDUs), logistics, movement time tables, message traffic, weather and environmentals, imagery, intelligence, Tactical Ballistic Missile (TBM) warning, Integrated Broadcast Service (IBS)and various tactical video (e.g., UAV video, commanders tactical briefings, etc.). Other required information products include global news, joint and service unique news, education and training, AFRTS, and commercial TV products. Standard products and theater tailored information that are placed on a broadcast as they become available, in accordance with established user needs and priorities, and in conformance with the CINC's dissemination policy, constitute "Smart Push." Still other information products are one-time needs identified by a user in response to operational circumstances. Methods for identifying and processing these needs constitute "User Pull." A broadcast system with the capability for "Smart Push" and "User Pull" holds great potential for providing warfighters with the right information, at the right time, and the right place. Current commercial digital broadcast satellite technology uses satellite-based transponders communicating to users with small receive-only terminals (24-inch or smaller antennas). GBS will apply this technology to meet DoD requirements for high-volume information transfer to the warfighters. GBS will provide one-way broadcasting of relevant tactical and non-tactical products. Information products will be sent from many distributed locations to reach the broadcast management segment. It is imperative that GBS be fully integrated as a part of the Defense Information Infrastructure (DII). GBS must also support military operations with U.S. Allies and Coalition Forces. GBS is not designated as a critical command and control system, meaning that it will not have nuclear survivability and hardening features incorporated. If the system must be used for critical C2, it will be as a secondary delivery means. A primary means of delivery will remain intact and be trained and sustained to ensure mission success. Anti-jam is not required for GBS phase 2. There may be an anti-jam requirement for phase 3. In order to meet the need for worldwide deployment of forces, the GBS system must support the National Military Strategy. A key feature of the GBS is CINC-responsive broadcast management functions. CINCs will have the ability to tailor broadcast services for field units to optimize the "Smart Push" aspect of the system. In order to accommodate "User Pull," users will request information through existing information retrieval paths. Requested information will then be provided through existing information source paths (using GBS when appropriate) to users. Transmit broadcast management will be provided through the Satellite Broadcast Manager (SBM) and TIM. The SBMs will be responsible to the GBS system operational manager for managing all the broadcast resources across the GBS system. The TIMs will have primary operational control over what, when, and to whom information is disseminated in a particular Area of Responsibility (AOR). The SBM will coordinate with the TIMs to accept, package (if required), and schedule the information to be broadcast. The Receive Broadcast Manager (RBM) is the end user's tool to process the broadcast so that information can be disseminated to end user systems (networks, workstations, display devices, etc.) CINCs require the ability to broadcast real-time and near real-time in-theater source information to the in-theater users. This may be accomplished by either the TIP or by virtual injection. The TIP is a transportable uplink terminal with broadcast management functionality for direct injection to a satellite's GBS payload. Virtual injection is the ability to transmit in-theater source information back to the broadcast management segment via other communications resources for ultimate transmission to the theater via a PIP. The GBS will provide broadcast services to selected echelons through a layered or scaleable architecture.

This architecture will compensate for differences in security (classification) levels and classes of users, and the ways in which users receive information products. It is the user's responsibility to process user addressed information in the manner that best suits their needs. Depending on the user's needs, receive suite equipment will support a variety of configurations, from stand alone to networks

. d. Support Concept.

The GBS will be supported by the military service's and agency's existing organizational, direct support and depot maintenance levels or contractor logistics support. This system will take maximum advantage of commercial products, technologies and non-developmental items. The government may choose to retain rights regarding intellectual properties developed for the GBS. Additionally, industry proprietary components should be avoided to the maximum extent practicable. Manning may be required for the operations and maintenance of the system.

e. Mission Needs Statement Summary.

The need for a GBS is defined in the joint validated Mission Needs Statement (MNS) for Global Broadcast Service dated 3 Aug 95. Current military satellite communications systems are oversubscribed and are not designed to deliver high volume, continuous information to multiple users.

Many products today require transmission of imagery and data files with sizes in the megabyte range that require excessive time to transmit via existing low data rate channels. Additionally, many of these products require the use of multiple low speed channels to transmit to multiple users. The implementation of GBS will provide a worldwide, high capacity, one-way transmission means for a variety of data, imagery, and other information required to support joint forces.

2. Threat.

a. Threat to be Countered. In a strategic environment threats are diverse and multi-national.

Threats include regional instability caused by ethnic, religious, historical, and economic disputes; proliferation of weapons of mass destruction; and trans-national dangers such as global terrorist groups and drug traffickers. From a tactical perspective, theater commanders are challenged by regional factions seeking to expand their influence by coercion or force. These potential opponents range from nations with modern conventional military forces, organized terrorists and insurgent organizations to small bands of individuals armed with any weapon available. b. Projected Threat Environment.

The threats to GBS include warfare directed against the GBS broadcast and GBS information systems, electronic warfare directed against the satellite links, and physical destruction of the GBS segments.

The general threat environment for all information systems is described in the Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) publication DST-2660F-210-94, Command, Control, Communications, Computers, and Intelligence Systems and Networks; Telecommunications Networks; and Automated Information Systems Threat Environment Description (TED), dated 15 January 1994. The general threats to GBS satellite links are described in the DIA publication DST-26110S-111-94, Electronic Warfare Threat to Satellite Communication Links - Foreign, dated 31 March 1994. The general threat environment for the GBS space segment is described in the National Air Intelligence Center (NAIC) publication NAIC-1571-727-95, Space Systems TED, dated 11 September 1995. A MILSATCOM System Threat Assessment Report (STAR), to include threats to the GBS, is being developed by the 497th Intelligence Group and National Air Intelligence Center.

3. Shortcomings of Existing Systems.

The current MILSATCOM architecture does not meet modern, high data dissemination rate requirements such as video and imagery transmission. Current military satellite assets either cannot support, or would have difficulty delivering, multi-megabit broadcasts to multiple receivers using small antennas or to mobile users without significantly limiting or curtailing other critical two-way voice and data services to the warfighter.

The Conduct of the Persian Gulf War--The Final Report to Congress, April 1992 highlights the limited ability of current military and civilian satellite communications systems to provide responsive, high-capacity communications to deployed, mobile tactical units.

4. Capabilities Required.

GBS Phase 2 requirements are identified. GBS Phase 3 required capabilities have been identified where known. Phase 3 requirements either specified or unspecified (TBD) will be addressed in future revisions. Requirements are delineated as Threshold or Objective, and some threshold requirements are further defined as a Key Performance Parameter (KPP). The threshold value is the minimum acceptable value that, in the user's judgment, is necessary to satisfy the need. If threshold values are not achieved, program performance is seriously degraded, the program may be too costly, or the program may no longer be timely. The objective value is that desired by the user and which the PM is attempting to obtain. The objective value could represent an operationally meaningful, time critical, and cost-effective increment above the threshold for each program parameter. Program objectives (parameters, and values) may be refined based on the results of the preceding program phase(s). A Key Performance Parameter (KPP) is that capability or characteristic so significant that failure to meet the threshold can be cause for the concept or system selection to be reevaluated or the program to be reassessed or terminated.

a. System Performance:

(1) GBS System Shall: (a) Comply with the open system, non-proprietary network and communications protocol standards outlined in the DII COE Integration and Runtime Specification (I&RTS), Version 2.0, October 1995, and subsequent revisions as deemed appropriate by Service Acquisition Executive (SAE) at program reviews or milestone decisions. (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold)

(b) Meet DII interoperability standards for the interfaces, protocols, and equipment required to receive and disseminate video and data from existing systems. (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold)

(c) Provide an unclassified program guide so that users receiving the broadcast can easily determine what, when, and where information will be or has been broadcast. (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold)

(d) Support the passing of information ranging in classifications from Unclassified up to and including Top Secret Sensitive Compartmented Information (TS SCI). (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold) (KPP)

(e) Provide the capability to rekey GBS specific cryptographic equipment manually. (Phase 2 Threshold) Provide the capability to rekey GBS specific cryptographic equipment through Over-the-Air Rekey (OTAR). (Phase 2 Objective) (Phase 3 Threshold)

(f) Include the ability to remotely enable or deny user access to the broadcast. (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold)

(g) Receive suites and TIP(s) shall have removable crypto key(s), or similar capability for sanitization. (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold)

(h) Provide a Bit Error Rate of 10-10 under clear weather conditions. (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold)

(i) Once products are received by the SBM and within the parameters specified in this JORD, support dissemination of national and theater generated products within the timeline specified in the Assured Receipt of Imagery for Tactical Forces, Mission Need Statement, dated 2 July 1990. (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold)

(j) Be capable of broadcasting and receiving at variable data rates to provide the required system BER and end-to-end link availability in the following UFO GBS terminal combinations: 

      BEAM                 TERMINALS*                                   

2000 nm           FGRT, TGRT, SRT               Phase 2 Threshold       

2000 nm           SSRT                          Phase 2 Objective       

500 nm            FGRT, TGRT, SRT, SSRT         Phase 2 Threshold       

500 nm            ART                           TBD
*FGRT: Fixed Ground Receive Terminal TGRT: Transportable Ground Receive Terminal SRT: Shipboard Receive Terminal SSRT: Sub Surface Receive Terminal ART: Airborne Receive Terminal

(k) Enable the user to develop "smart push" information profiles for identifying specific information needs. (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold)

(2) Space Segment Requirements:

(a) The Phase 2 space segment (UFO GBS satellites) is defined in MCM 234-96, 3 Oct 1996. Coverage areas shall be 65o North latitude to 65o South latitude, with longitude coverage limited by orbital positions and spot beam locations. Leased commercial satellite services or other forms of transporting the GBS information shall be required to augment UFO 8, 9, and 10 GBS coverage gaps. Packages hosted on UFO satellites 8, 9, and 10 will provide coverage with two steerable 500 NM spot beams and one steerable 2000 NM spot beam per satellite. (Phase 2 Threshold)(KPP)

(b) Each UFO GBS satellite shall be capable of simultaneously supporting one PIP and one TIP. (Phase 2 Threshold)(KPP)

(c) Each GBS satellite shall be capable of simultaneously supporting TBD PIP and TBD TIP. (Phase 3 Threshold) (KPP)

(d) GBS satellites under direct operation of DoD shall use the AFSPC Standard Satellite Control Systems (SSCS) for Satellite TT&C. (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold)

(e) GBS space segment requirement is for worldwide coverage (65o North latitude to 65o South latitude, 180o West to 180o East longitude). (Phase 3 Threshold)(KPP) Global coverage, (900 N to 650 south latitude, 1800 west to 1800 east longitude) is required. (Phase 3 Objective)

(f) GBS space segment shall provide a broadcast of near continuous or time critical information to widely dispersed users with TBD Mbps of capacity per satellite over TBD coverage areas. (Phase 3 Threshold)(KPP)

(g) The GBS Phase 3 space segment shall provide TBD Mbps of capacity per satellite. (Phase 3 Threshold)

(3) Satellite Broadcast Management (SBM)

shall:

(a) Share and reallocate available bandwidth between various users, information products, multi-media types (data, video, audio), and security releasability levels, without interruption to the broadcast. (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold)

(b) Schedule the broadcast to meet the timeliness requirements of each product when taken in aggregate, within the constraints imposed on the broadcast by information product availability, the CINC's dissemination policy, the user needs, the information priorities, and the satellite spot beam coverage. (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold)

(c) Have the ability to provide minimum 90 percent (Phase 2 Threshold), and 95 percent (Phase 2 Objective), (Phase 3 Threshold) statistical assurance of receipt of the selected information to end users. System shall also provide flexibility to ensure selected CINC's information is delivered to end users with a range of confidences up to statistical assurance of receipt.

(d) Spot beam pointing command processing will not exceed 10 minutes from receipt at SBM to command uplink. (Phase 2 Threshold) Support an automated queue driven spot beam pointing capability. (Phase 2 Objective)

(e) Be the primary means for tasking steerable satellite GBS antennas to cover mission specific requirements. Provide for continuous control by the SBMs for UFO GBS satellite payload commanding to permit frequent pointing of steerable spot beam antennas. (Phase 2 Threshold) (KPP)

(f) Receive DII compliant information from information producers, provide it to the uplink, and coordinate with the TIMs, to meet smart push and user pull requests. (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold)

(g) Have the ability to protect and store queued information and system equipment in order to resume broadcast operations after loss or fluctuations of external power. When power fails or fluctuates, the system shall automatically provide uninterrupted power for 10 minutes (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold) and 20 minutes. (Phase 2 Objective)

(h) Provide an automated resource allocation tool to assist CINC planners in efficient utilization of GBS resources. (Phase 2 and 3 Threshold)

(4) Primary Injection Point (PIP)

shall:

(a) Be capable of uplinking 94 Mbps to the UFO GBS space segment. (Phase 2 Threshold) Be capable of uplinking TBD Mbps to the GBS space segment. (Phase 3 Threshold)

(b) Be capable of operating in 45 mph sustained winds, 60 mph gusts. (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold)

(c) Meet environmental conditions appropriate for each particular site location. (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold)

(d) Have a minimum uplink availability of 97 percent with UFO GBS satellite (Phase 2 Threshold), and 99.5 percent. (Phase 2 Objective)

(5) Theater Injection Point (TIP)

shall:

(a) Be capable of uplinking to the UFO GBS Space Segment, (Phase 2 Threshold) and be capable of uplinking to leased commercial satellite for GBS augmentation. (Phase 2 Objective)

(b) Be capable of uplinking 6 Mbps (Phase 2 Threshold) and 24 Mbps. (Phase 2 Objective)

(c) Have a two-way voice radio communications capability, (Army requirement, Combat Net Radio (CNR)) and Global Positioning System (GPS) capability mounted in the prime mover for the TIP. (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold)

(d) Have primary power provided by both noise suppressed generators or commercial power 110/220 AC at 60/50 Hz for 24 hours continuous operations. (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold)

(e) Have the ability to protect queued information and system equipment in order to resume broadcast operations after loss or fluctuation of external power. When power fails or fluctuates, the system shall automatically provide uninterrupted power for 10 minutes (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold) and 20 minutes. (Phase 2 Objective)

(f) Shall be configured with water tight, corrosion resistant, full face covers to protect the controls and components from environment and moderate impact damage. (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold)

(g) Be capable of operating in blowing sand, dust and snow environments during 45 mph sustained winds, 60 mph gusts and survive 90 mph in stowed configuration. (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold)

(h) Be capable of operating in -250 F to 1100 F climatic conditions at all humidity levels. (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold)

(i) Be capable of being set up and operated by persons in full MOPP IV NBC protective gear or cold weather clothing. (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold)

(j) Have a minimum uplink availability of 93 percent (Phase 2 Threshold) and 98 percent. (Phase 2 Objective) for terminal elevation angles greater than 10o.

(6) Receive Suites

shall:

(a) Be comprised of a receive terminal, cryptographic equipment (when required), and a Receive Broadcast Manager (RBM) equipment.

(b) Receive broadcasts at variable data rates in accordance with the beam and terminal combinations listed in the table below. (Phase 2 Threshold) (KPP) Automatically adjust their receive data rate to correspond with a change to the broadcast data rate within 10 seconds. (Phase 2 Objective) (Phase 3 Threshold) 

     BEAM                TERMINALS                                         

2000 nm         FGRT, TGRT, SRT             Phase 2 Threshold (KPP)        

2000 nm         SSRT                        Phase 2 Objective              

500 nm          FGRT, TGRT, SRT, SSRT       Phase 2 Threshold (KPP)        

500 nm          ART                         TBD
(c) Receive one transponder data stream at a time from a single satellite. (Phase 2 Threshold) Simultaneously, receive 4 transponder streams from a single satellite. (Phase 2 Objective)

(d) Be scaleable and configurable to satisfy a variety of user installations and broadcast receive requirements. Scaleable configurations shall include at a minimum the following: 1. Unclassified video; 2. Unclassified video and one classified video or data stream for connection to user supplied peripheral devices; 3. Unclassified video and two or more classified video or data streams with the capability for a local area network or DISN interconnection. (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold)

  1. Operate from 110/220 AC at 60/50 Hz power. (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold) (f) Receive suite (less antenna system) shall operate in a sheltered environment at 95% relative humidity (non-condensing) and temperature range from 300 F - 900 F. (Phase 2 Threshold). Operate from 00 F - 1100 F in all humidity levels. (Phase 2 Objective) (Phase 3 Threshold) (7) All Receive Terminals shall: (a) Operate in an unattended mode during steady state broadcast data rate operation. (Phase 2 Threshold) Operate in an unattended mode. (Phase 2 Objective) (Phase 3 Threshold)

    (b) Receive at the UFO GBS frequency band of 20.2-21.2 GHz. (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold) (KPP) Receive at one or more commercial satellite frequency bands. (Phases 2 and 3 Objective)

    (c) Be able to acquire and continuously receive satellite downlink in less than 5 minutes, (Phase 2 Threshold) and 3 minutes (Phase 2 Objective) (Phase 3 Threshold) after initial hardware setup.

    (8) Fixed Ground Receive Terminals (FGRT)

    shall: (a) Include an antenna capable of operating in blowing sand, dust and snow environments during 45 mph sustained winds, 60 mph gusts in -250 F to 1100 F climatic conditions at all humidity levels. (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold) (b) Provide antenna cross section not to exceed 1 meter (Phase 2 Threshold), not to exceed 24 inches. (Phase 2 Objective) (Phase 3 Threshold) (c) Provide a minimum downlink availability of 97% for terminal elevation angles greater than 10o. (Phase 2 Threshold) (d) Be capable of reacquiring the satellite downlink in less than 5 minutes (Phase 2 Threshold), and 3 minutes (Phase 2 Objective) after loss of satellite downlink due to beam repositioning. (Phase 2 Objective) (Phase 3 Threshold)

    (e) Include a configuration capable of receiving at the commercial Ku band between 10.5-13.5 GHz. (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold)

    (9)Transportable Ground Receive Terminals (TGRT)

    shall:

    (a) Incorporate all the requirements of the Fixed Ground Receive Terminals with the exception of 4.a.(8).(a). (b) Be packaged in protective, impact resistant transit cases which are water tight, offer a means of physical security, not exceed two-person lift weight limit with equipment, and can be lifted by two persons (applies to all TGRT receive suite equipment)(Phase 2 Threshold) 37.5 pounds, single person lift (Phase 2 Objective). (c) Prior to satellite acquisition, the maximum one-man set-up time from transport configuration to receive configuration is 1 hour (Phase 2 Threshold) and 30 minutes (Phase 2 Objective) ( Phase 3 Threshold) (applies to all TGRT receive suite equipment). (d) Require no special tools for set-up or breakdown (applies to all TGRT receive suite equipment). (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold)

    (e) Be capable of being setup and operated in full MOPP IV NBC protective gear or cold weather clothing (applies to all receive suite equipment). (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold) Setup time requirements above do not apply. (f) Include an antenna capable of operating in blowing sand, dust and snow environments during 30 mph winds, and in -250 F to 1100 F climatic conditions at all humidity levels. (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold) (10) Airborne Receive Terminal (ART) shall: (a) Interoperate with TBD on-board systems (e.g., power, cooling, and weapon systems) and be flight certified. (Phase 3 Threshold) (b) Receive GBS broadcast on aircraft at an attitude within 30 pitch and 30 roll from level flight (pitch and roll rates TBD). (Phase 3 Threshold) ART shall receive the GBS broadcast in all flight configurations and attitudes. (Phase 3 Objective) (c) Be operable by aircrews wearing biological protective ensemble and cold weather gear. (Phase 3 Threshold) (11) Shipboard Receive Terminals (SRT): (a) SRT above deck equipment shall be protected by radome or other protective covers capable of protecting the equipment to withstand conditions of salt spray and icing from -40 to 1220 F. The above deck equipment shall be capable of operating in winds of 75 knots and shall be capable of surviving winds up to 100 knots. The terminal shall not sustain damage due to ship motions. The terminal shall be capable of operating in sea state 5 and surviving sea state 6 (Beaufort's wind scale). (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold) (b) Tracking error due to platform motion, excluding all other sources of pointing error, shall not cause degradation of the receive signal level in excess of 0.5 dB rms at the specified frequency ranges. The antenna system shall provide unlimited azimuth motion and a -10o to 100o range of elevation. (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold) (c) In addition to meeting the frequency requirements specified in 4.a.(7)(b), (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold) the SRT shall also receive at the frequencies of 19.2-20.2 GHz (commercial Ka band), and 10.5-13.5 GHz (commercial Ku band). (Phase 2 Objective) (d) Shipboard receive suite shall conform to standard 19 inch equipment rack configuration and operate on existing shipboard power. (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold) (12) Sub Surface (Submarine) Receive Terminal (SSRT): (a) SSRT incorporates all the requirements of the shipboard receive suites plus the additional requirements listed below: (b) SSRT antenna may be as small as 16 inches in diameter, and must be mast retractable. (Phase 2 Threshold) (c) All external SSRT components shall be capable of withstanding all submarine class dependent environmental and operating conditions to test depth pressures and salt water environments. (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold) (d) SSRT and all below deck equipment must be able to pass through a 25 inch hatch with minimum disassembly. (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold) (13) Ground Mobile Receive Terminal (GMRT) shall be capable of receiving and processing the GBS downlink while on the move. (Phase 3 Threshold) (14) Manpack Receive Terminal (MRT) shall be a manpackable version suitable for special operations. (Phase 3 Threshold) b. Logistics and Readiness: (1) Mobility Requirements:

  1. The TIP shall use the HMMWV family, or its life-cycle replacement, as its prime mover. The vehicles shall not exceed vehicle weight limits when loaded with maximum prescribed load and a normal combat load of equipment, personal gear, and supplies for two persons per vehicle. (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold) (b) The TIP shall be palletized and easily dismounted, by three persons, from its primary mover and transferred to another prime mover, within 2 hours, in a tactical environment without any specialized equipment. (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold) (c) The TIP equipment and components shall be secured to the pallet in such a manner as to facilitate physical security, dismounting for replacement, storage, and repair. (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold) (d) The TIP shall be capable of unrestricted highway and marine transport, have military standard lifting and tie-down provisions, and meet applicable rail transportation requirements. (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold) (e) The palletized TIP, minus prime mover, shall be capable of being sling loaded by a UH-60 aircraft. The complete TIP with prime mover shall be capable of being sling loaded by CH-47D and CH-53E/D aircraft. (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold) (f) The complete TIP with prime mover shall be capable of single C-130 roll-on/roll-off. (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold) (2) Reliability, Maintainability, and Availability: The availability requirements specified below do not include link availability, which is specified elsewhere. (a) The mean repair time (unscheduled maintenance) for the PIP and TIP shall be 1.5 hours or less. (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold) (b) The mean time between operational mission failure (MTBOMF) for all receive terminals minus crypto shall be 2,000 hours (Phase 2 Threshold) and 5,000 hours. (Phase 2 Objective) Does not apply to SSRT antenna systems. (c) The SBM shall have an operational availability of 99.00 percent (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold) and 99.99 percent. (Phases 2 and 3 Objective) (d) The PIP shall have a minimum operational availability of 99.00 percent, (Phase 2 Threshold) and 99.9 percent. (Phase 2 Objective) (e) The TIP shall have a minimum operational availability of 93 percent. (Phase 2 Threshold) c. Other System Characteristics: Security Accreditation. (1) The GBS shall meet Designated Accreditation Authority (DAA) accreditation requirements. (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold) (2) GBS receive suites without crypto shall be releasable to allied forces for receiving appropriate GBS broadcasts and shall not be a controlled cryptographic item. (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold) (3) GBS receive suites with approved crypto shall be releasable to allied forces for receiving appropriate GBS broadcast. (Phases 2 and 3 Threshold)5. Program Support. The GBS should take maximum advantage of existing logistics support infrastructures. When practicable, GBS components shall be common and modular in order to minimize logistic concerns and allow greater flexibility in the potential for cross-matching fielded components. All training, maintenance and support will be in accordance with Service policies and procedures. a. Maintenance Planning. (1) A direct exchange capability shall be developed for GBS receive suites. The materiel developer shall perform supportability analysis as an integral part of the systems engineering process, and will develop logistics support concepts that provide for cost effective total life-cycle logistics support. Operator level maintenance will be limited to basic care, cleaning, and replacement of expendables such as fuses and filters. Lowest level repair shall be accomplished at the organizational or direct support level. All other maintenance shall be accomplished at the depot level. For Navy, intermediate level maintenance involvement should be limited to the installation and deinstallation of above deck equipment. (2) Scheduled routine maintenance for the SBM, PIP, and TIP shall be performed without disruption to service operations and shall not exceed one maintenance hour per 24 hour period. (3) The scheduled routine maintenance for all receive suites shall not exceed 20 minutes for a 24 hour period. (4) Vehicle and generator maintenance shall be accomplished in accordance with existing maintenance procedures. (5) Cryptographic equipment shall be repaired in accordance with COMSEC maintenance policies and procedures. b. Support Equipment. (1) Where applicable, GBS shall use Built-In-Test (BIT) diagnostics that fault isolate to a single Line Replaceable Unit (LRU) or component. (2) Special purpose electronic test equipment, special purpose support equipment and special purpose tools should be avoided to the maximum extent possible. When required, non-developmental test equipment shall be used.c. Human Systems Integration. (1) Training and Documentation: (a) Initial operational and maintenance (O&M) training on the JPO funded receive suites will be provided by the installation team. Since SBMs and PIPs will be contractor operated and maintained, there are no initial training requirements. Provisions shall be available for training should it be desired to transition from contractor to government operation and maintenance at a later date. TIP training shall be provided by the manufacturer upon delivery. Initial factory training shall be provided to service selected O&M instructors (train the trainers) on receive suites and TIPs. Follow-on training will be provided through Service specific formal training channels. Service unique training requirements will be service funded. Maximum advantage will be taken of commercially available embedded training. (b) Training materials provided will include as a minimum video and hardcopy, (electronic form where available): Operator and maintainer tutorials. (c) Operator and maintenance technical documentation will be provided with the receive suites and TIPs at the time of delivery. This documentation will also be provided at a later date for the PIPs and SBMs, if transition to government operations and maintenance is desired. (2) Manpower and Force Structure Assessment: Operation of the GBS receive suites should not require additional manning. Additional manning will be required for the PIP, TIP and SBM. Additional manning may be required for the maintenance of receive suites. (3) Personnel Assessment: No new Skill Identifier shall be required to operate or maintain the GBS. (4) Health Hazards/System Safety: GBS must conform to applicable human engineering design criteria. The Materiel Developer will arrange for a Health Hazard Assessment (HHA) on GBS. The GBS program will include system and personnel safety programs. The system safety program will be in compliance with the latest DoD policies or an equivalent commercial standard. Safety critical issues will be addressed and documented during system design and deployment. Federal Occupational Safety Health Administration (OSHA) regulations, Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulations, appropriate service regulations, and appropriate industry standards will be implemented for safety. (5) Manpower Estimates: Each Service component shall provide a separate personnel estimate needed to operate, maintain, support, and provide training for the program. d. Computer Resources. When applicable, GBS software updates will be installed at the operator level by manual and automatic over the air broadcast means. The GBS broadcast management and terminal components shall provide checks for computer operating system viruses during systems initialization and routine operations. e. Other Logistics Considerations. For Army and Air Force employment, logistics support should include sufficient quantities of Mobility Readiness Spares Packages and Peace-time Operating Stocks for continued supportability. For the Navy and Marine Corps, spares will be based on On Board Repair Parts requirements as calculated for each platform. If required, spares will be pre-positioned. In compliance with Continuous Acquisition Lifecycle Support, GBS shall comply with specifications and standards approved within DoD for creation, use, and management of technical and other data in digital form. f. Command, Control, Communications, Computers, and Intelligence. (1) GBS is not a critical command and control system. Critical command and control information products may be transmitted over GBS but not as a primary means. (2) "User Pull" requests will utilize other communications systems from the users to the information source, TIM, or SBM for requesting specific GBS information. The goal of GBS is to minimize the impact of these requests on existing tactical and strategic communications systems. User pull requests will be minimized through habitual profile for customer types. g. Transportation and Basing. Terminal distribution and basing location will be consistent with existing force structures and deployment concepts. The actual terminal allocations and delivery rates will be IAW the priorities established by service requirements and missions. The number and locations of injection points will be established as required to support operations in support of the theater CINC. h. Standardization, Interoperability, and Commonality. (1) GBS will conform with applicable information technology standards outlined in the DoD Joint Technical Architecture (JTA). (2) Only National Security Agency (NSA) endorsed and approved security products, techniques and protective services shall be used to secure classified GBS telecommunications. Electronic keying shall be applied to all cryptographic processes implemented by the GBS. All cryptographic systems must be interoperable with the Electronic Key Management System (EKMS), and the Joint Key Management System (JKMS). (3) Comply with the open system, non-proprietary network and communications protocol standards outlined in the DII COE Integration and Runtime Specification (I&RTS), Version 2.0, October 1995, and subsequent revisions as deemed appropriate by Service Acquisition Executive (SAE) at program reviews or milestone decisions. (4) When practicable, GBS connection into the existing and future communications architecture will be through established DISN gateways. i. Mapping, Charting, and Geodesy Support. PIPs, TIPs and receive suites require accurate geographic positional information. j. Environmental Support. Climatic data and analysis will be required to determine: (1) Suitable locations for PIPs and TIPs. (2) Conditions that would cause rapid and excessive corrosion to normally exposed antennas. (3) Excessive temperature and humidity conditions that would require above normal protection of sheltered system equipment. (4) Solar-geophysical vulnerabilities of the space segment, PIP, and TIP. (5) Suitable receive site antenna upgrades to achieve high link availability in heavy rain regions. (6) Appropriate GBS broadcast data rates to users in harsh climatic environments.6. Force Structure. Additional manning will be required for the PIPs, TIPs, SBMs and may be required for the operation and maintenance of receive suites. The force structures for these facilities are presently TBD. The GBS receive suite will be operated by general purpose users. a. The Theater Injection Point (TIP) will be fielded to: (1) Army: The TIP will be fielded to signal brigades and to division signal battalions. Three TIPs will be fielded during Phase 2 and 14 will be fielded during Phase 3. Approximately 7 personnel will be required to operate each TIP (3 for uplink, 4 for broadcast management). (2) Navy: None. The Navy intends to use organic communications to accomplish virtual theater injection. (3) Air Force: TBD (4) USMC: None b. Ground Receive Suites will be fielded to: (1) Army: A total of 504 receive suites will be fielded to Force Packages I, II, and III, and Force Support Packages I and II. (2) Navy: Total of 166 receive suites, of which, 50 will be manpackable receive suites. All shore requirements shall be met by 2004. 
          FIXED        Quantity                 TRANSPORTABLE    Quantity  
                       Required                 MANPACKABLE *    Required  

         NCTAMS           10                      SPECWAR *         50     

          NCTS            18                       EODGRU           20     

         COMMDET          4                        TACGRU           10     

          MAST            7                       BEACHGRU          10     

         MICFAC           5                      CINC-MOBILE        4      

           TSC            15                                               

           MOC            9                                                

        CINC CCC          4                                                

          TOTAL           72                        TOTAL           94
(3) Air Force: 300. The Air Force may require additional receive suites pending the outcome of their current receive suites fielding analysis. (4) USMC: Estimated total of 70 receive suites. Unit Quantity Required TotalSJTF 1 1MARFORPAC/MARFORLANT 1 ea 2MEF Command Element 2 ea 6Marine Division Command Element 2 ea 6 Infantry/Artillery Regt 1 ea 10MAW Command Element 2 ea 6 MAG/Support Group 1 ea 13FSSG Command Element 2 ea 6 Standing CSSD 1 ea 6MEU 1 ea 7MCCES 2 2Marine Reserve 5 5
Total 70The number of required receive suites may change (increase or decrease) pending the outcome of fielding analysis. c. Airborne Receive Suites will be fielded to: (1) Army: TBD (2) Navy: TBD (3) Air Force: TBD (4) USMC: TBD

d. Shipboard and Submarine Receive Suites will be fielded to: (1) Navy: 300 shipboard, 66 submarine. The Navy intends to field receive suites on all classes of ships and submarine platforms. With the exception of submarines, all ships in every deploying battle group shall be equipped. Specifically, at least three battle groups in FY 1998, four in FY 1999, and four in FY 2000. All command and Flag capable ships not assigned as members of deploying battle groups shall be equipped by April 1999. All ships in each deploying Middle Eastern Force (MEF) or comparable task force shall be equipped. Starting in FY 2001, a minimum of 42 ships not assigned to deploying battle groups shall be equipped each year until the total requirement is achieved. Fifty-five percent of the total ship requirement should be equipped by FY 2000. All ship and submarine requirements should be equipped by FY 2004. Submarines shall be equipped in conjunction with installation of their submarine high data rate antenna capability. The quantity of platforms by ship class is shown. 

  SHIP   Quantity       SHIP   Quantity       SHIP   Quantity       SHIP    Quantity 
 CLASS                 CLASS   Required      CLASS   Required       CLASS            
         Required                                                           Required 

  CVN       10           CG       27          MCS        1           TAE       8     

   CV       3           DDG       50          MCM       10          TAFS       8     

  AGF       2          DDG993      4          MHC       11          TAGOS      8     

  LCC       2            DD       31          AOE        8           TAH       2     

  LHA       5           FFG       20           AO        5           TAO       12    

  LHD       7         FFG NRF     10          ARS        4          TATF       5     

  LPD       12          SSN       52           AS        3          ISEA       1     

  LSD       17          SSBN      14           PC       13         TRAINER     1     

                                                                    TOTAL     366
(2) Army: TBD 7. Schedule Considerations. a. Phase 2 IOC: (1) The GBS packages on UFO 8, 9, and 10 are operational. (2) Each satellite has access to a PIP. (3) When all JPO funded receive suites are fielded. (4) The SBMs are operational. (5) Unit personnel are fully trained in operation and maintenance.

(6) Demonstrated smart push and user pull capability. (7) Logistical support is in place to support the system. (8) Leased commercial satellite services or other forms of transporting GBS information shall be required to augment UFO GBS coverage gaps over CONUS.

b. Phase 2 FOC:

(1) Three TIPs are operational.

(2) When 90 percent of each Service's validated requirements for receive suites are fielded. c. Phase 3: IOC: TBD d. Phase 3: FOC: TBD