Program Element: 0603216C/0603217C Project Number: 1502
PE Title: Theater Missile Defense / Ballistic Missile Defense (U) Budget Activity: 03
Adv Technology Dev (U)
February 1994
A. (U) RESOURCES: ($ in Thousands)
Project Title: Lethality and Target Hardening
FY1993 FY1994 FY1995 FY1996 FY1997 FY1998 FY1999 Total
Program Name: Actual Estimate Estimate Estimate Estimate Estimate Estimate Program
0603216C RDT&E 26,320 29,064 32,800 29,400 28,200 25,300 15,800 Continuing
0603217C RDT&E 10,776 1,358 0 0 1,000 1,800 2,000 Continuing
B. (U) BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF MISSION REQUIREMENT AND SYSTEM CAPABILITIES:
(U) The Lethality of BMD weapons is a measure of BMD systems effectiveness in fulfilling defense
mission requirements. The Lethality and Target Hardening program is developing a necessary and
sufficient understanding of physical principles involved in defensive weapon/target interaction, target
response and kill modes, and impact signatures for discrimination and damage assessment.
(U) This task provides supporting lethality technology for developmental ballistic missile defense
ground based kinetic energy weapons and directed energy weapons. This supporting lethality technology
includes lethality phenomenology analyses and tests to evaluate kinetic energy warheads hit-to-kill
interceptors and laser effectiveness against simulated threats. Theater threats include conventional,
chemical, biological, and nuclear warheads. Common validated lethality criteria for a high confidence
kill against any/all threat warheads is required. These lethality criteria are developed in coordination
with TMD interceptor development. Lethality of the interceptors will be validated in cooperation with
interceptor demonstration/validation flight test and evaluations.
(U) This project is assigned to the Budget Activity and Program Element codes as identified in this
descriptive summary in accordance with existing Department of Defense policy. Further justification of
the Budget Activity code assigned to each Program Element is contained within the Brief Description of
Element section of each Program Element Summary.
C. (U) PROGRAM ACCOMPLISHMENTS AND PLANS:
(U) FY 1993 Accomplishments:
o ($10,914) Conducted scaled hit-to-kill impact on chemical threat warheads, initiated a test series to quantify submunition kill mechanisms and demise parameters to develop lethality criteria for the TMD chemical threat warheads.
o ($4,262) Conducted laboratory scaled tests of biological threat targets and simulants to support deinition of lethality criteria for the TMD biological threat warheads.
o ($3,407) Conducted scaled test of fragments and hit-to-kill impacts on TMD nuclear threats and HE submunition threat targets to develop criteria for HE initiation and dismemberment of these threats.
o ($4,161) Conducted full-scale, high resolution sled impact tests of TMD interceptors against high fidelity threat warheads, completed test series for ERINT and developed capability to simulate THAAD engagement parameters.
o ($1,040) Provided direct support to TMD systems (ERINT and Patriot) flight tests-with target materials, lethality data collection and analysis.
o ($2,536) Published baseline TMD lethality criteria document, supported PAC-3 acquisition process by providing accredited lethality models, and conducted atmospheric transport analysis and modeling.
o ($9,397) Conducted high explosive initiation testing, ARE-2N and ARE-2HK flight tests, hit-to-kill impact tests of medium and large RVs, and PBV tests to extend strategic nuclear target lethality technology.
o ($1,379) Performed lethality criteria development, kill assessment, photonic hit indicator (PHI)
development and sensitivity analysis for strategic nuclear target lethality assessment and
modeling.
(U) FY 1994 Plans:
o ($8,232) Conduct scaled hit-to-kill impact on chemical threat warheads, complete a test series to quantify submunition kill mechanisms and demise parameters to develop lethality criteria for the TMD chemical threat warheads, conduct aerobreakup reverse ballistic tests.
o ($3,375) Conduct laboratory scaled tests of biological threat targets and simulants, define response to impact environment and develop accepted simulants for alternate threat agents and initiate testing on them, to support definition of lethality criteria for the TMD biological threat warheads.
o ($2,717) Conduct scaled tests of fragments and hit-to-kill impacts on TMD nuclear threats and HE submunition threat targets t continue development of lethality criteria for HE initiation and dismemberment of these threats.
o ($1,210) Provide direct support to TMD system flight tests - with target materials, lethality data collection and analysis, prepare for support of THAAD flight tests.
o ($5,170) Conduct full-scale, high resolution sled impact tests of the THAAD interceptor against high fidelity threat warheads.
o ($2,250) Conduct scaled hit-to-kill gun tests to evaluate interceptor mass, velocity, and geometry lethality trades, conduct parametric sensitivity study to evaluate influence of threat variations/uncertainties on interceptor lethality.
o ($500) Conduct ground effects study to quantify collateral effects from intercepts of chemical and biological submunition threat warheads.
o ($650) Conduct tri-service evaluation, verification, and validation of atmospheric transport codes for evaluation of collateral effects from chemical and biological threat warheads following intercept.
o ($750) Evaluate lethality enhancement techniques (EFP, enhanced penetration fragments, multi-fragment high explosive initiation, and reactive fragments).
o ($4,210) Publish update to the baseline TMD lethality criteria document, support PAC-3 acquisition process by providing accredited lethality models, and conducted atmospheric transport.
o ($1,358) Complete planned strategic nuclear target lethality assessment and modeling, to include
reduction of data from ARE-2HK flight tests and scaled SLBM PBV impact tests, and update
aerothermal/structural demise lethality criteria.
(U) FY 1995 Plans:
o ($6,000) Continue effort to expand TMD chemical target lethality technology into broader threat set, and examine hardening concepts that can be employed to enhance threat performance and mitigate against engagement effects.
o ($6,500) Continue effort to expand TMD biological target lethality technology, with evaluation of alternate threat materials and the effect of hardening and alternative threat bomblet and dissemination concepts, complete test series to define biological submunition kill mechanism and demise parameters.
o ($3,300) Continue testing to support lethality criteria development against the TMD ROW nuclear threats, and continue testing against hardened TMD HE threats.
o ($3,500) Provide direct support to THAAD system flight tests, with target materials, lethality data collection and analysis, includes surviving submunition dispersal experiments.
o ($3,000) Complete full-scale, high resolution sled impact tests of the THAAD interceptor against high fidelity threat warheads, employ counterfire techniques to replicate engagement dynamics at intercept.
o ($3,000) Continue evaluation of lethality enhancement designs and warhead concepts for increase of interceptor lethality.
o ($2,500) Continue ground effects study and test to quantify collateral effect from intercepts of chemical and biological submunition threat warheads and develop predictive models for post-engagement threat and hazard, support integration into lethality assessment code architecture.
o ($5000) Continue TMD lethality assessment and modeling effort, publish lethality criteria for low
mass interceptor, sponsor accreditation of lethality analysis software for use in THAAD acquisition
milestone support.
(U) Program Plan to Completion: This is a continuing program.
D. (U) WORK PERFORMED BY:
(U) In-house:
o Defense Nuclear Agency
o U.S. Air Force's Wright Labs - Eglin AFB
o U.S. Army Space and Strategic Defense Command
(U) Major Contractors:
o Kaman Sciences Corp. - AL and CO
o Science Applications International Corp. - NC and FL
o Teledyne Brown Engineering - AL
o Battelle Memorial Institute - AL and OH
o General Research Corp. - CA
E. (U) COMPARISON WITH FY 1994 DESCRIPTIVE SUMMARY:
1. TECHNICAL CHANGES
2. SCHEDULE CHANGES:
3. COST CHANGES:
F. (U) PROGRAM DOCUMENTATION:
o Preliminary TMD Lethality Criteria Report 2Q/FY91
o TMD Lethality Criteria Update 3Q/FY91
o NMD Assessment 4Q/FY92
o Baseline TMD Lethality "Design To" Criteria 1Q/FY93
o TMD Lethality Sensitivity Study 1Q/FY94
o Updated Aerothermal Demise Criteria 2Q/FY94
o Preliminary Assessment of GBI vs. SLBM 4Q/FY94
o Revised Strategic Target Lethality Criteria 2Q/FY95
G. (U) RELATED ACTIVITIES: None
H. (U) OTHER APPROPRIATION FUNDS: None
I. (U) INTERNATIONAL COOPERATIVE AGREEMENTS: None
J. (U) MILESTONE SCHEDULE:
o Sled track ERINT HTK lethality tests 2-4/FY92
o Baseline TMD Lethality Criteria for all threats 1Q/FY93
o Full-scale ERINT sled lethality tests 1-4Q/FY93
o Execute ARE-2N flight test 2Q/FY93
o Validation of pitch-down concept, THAAD sled tests 3-4Q/FY93
o Execute ARE-2HK flight test 4Q/FY93
o Conduct RV Donor/Acceptor test 3Q/FY93
o Support Multi-Mode Patriot intercept 1Q/FY94
o Conduct scaled GBI vs. SLBM impact tests 1Q/FY94
o TMD lethality criteria update 1Q/FY94
o Sled track THAAD HTK lethality tests 1-4Q/FY94
o TMD lethality flight test support 1-4Q/FY94
o Continue full scale TMD-HTK sled/gun tests 1-4Q/FY94
o Publish updated aerothermal demise criteria 2Q/FY94
o Continue TMD lethality flight test support 1-4Q/FY95
o Publish revised strategic target lethality criteria 2Q/FY95
o Complete full scale sled/gun tests 4Q/FY95
o Continue TMD lethality flight test support 1-4Q/FY96