Program Element: 0603216C/0603217C Project Number: 1501
PE Title: Theater Missile Defense / Ballistic Missile Defense (U) Budget Activity: 03
Adv Technology Dev (U)
February 1994
A. (U) RESOURCES: ($ in Thousands)
Project Title: Survivability
FY1993 FY1994 FY1995 FY1996 FY1997 FY1998 FY1999 Total
Program Name: Actual Estimate Estimate Estimate Estimate Estimate Estimate Program
0603216C RDT&E 3,120 3,024 4,900 3,800 3,800 3,800 3,700 Continuing
0603217C RDT&E 25,367 3,321 3,000 3,000 4,000 2,000 3,000 Continuing
B. (U) BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF MISSION REQUIREMENT AND SYSTEM CAPABILITIES:
(U) Develops and demonstrates survivability technologies to ensure that Ballistic Missile Defense (BMD)
elements can perform their mission in all expected environments and the face of all expected hostile
threats. Approaches include: studies/analyses; defense suppression threat mitigation technologies
development; Survivability Enhancement Option (SEO) development; Electronic Data/Guidelines for Element
Survivability (EDGES) development, Electromagnetic Environmental Effects (E3) engineering support,
survivability/operability demonstrations, development of issue resolution approaches, development of
Anti-Radiation Missile (ARM) Countermeasure Evaluator (ACE), and hardened technology integration.
Technologies will be available for incorporation into BMD elements at EMD and will also provide near-term
improvements to existing systems. Demonstrations will provide necessary risk reduction evidence to
support milestone decisions.
(U) This project is assigned to the Budget Activity and Program Element codes as identified in this
descriptive summary in accordance with existing Department of Defense policy. Further justification of
the Budget Activity code assigned to each Program Element is contained within the Brief Description of
Element section of each Program Element Summary.
C. PROGRAM ACCOMPLISHMENTS AND PLANS:
(U) FY 1993 Accomplishments:
o ($1.210M) Completed EDGES Version 1.0 for interceptor contractors.
o ($0.100M) Identified candidate RF-hardening technology for NMD sensors and communications
o ($0.200M) Demonstrated no-upset computer technology for interceptors.
o ($0.050M) Developed and demonstrated High Altitude Electromagnetic Pulse (HEMP) hardening technology for the GBR transmit/receive modules.
o ($0.310M) Identified and tested RF/HPM sensor Proof-of-Principle SEOs.
o ($1.295M) Demonstrated 3 wavelength rejection of infrared rugate filters
o ($1.382M) Demonstrated preliminary nonlinear optical response of electro-optic devices for agile wavelength lasers
o ($0.286M) Completed stray light analysis of innovative, survivable reflective baffle
o ($0.022M) Initiated survivability experiment to be demonstrated on the MSTI program
o ($0.200M) Developed initial Unified Electromagnetic Effects (UEME) guidelines for fixed facilities, joint project with DNA
o ($0.656M) Conducted Successful Synthetic Aperture (SAR) radar low probability of detection and identification test employing general purpose CCD material
o ($0.600M) Completed THAAD and GBR vulnerability analyses to ORD and TRD defined threats
o ($0.100M) Performed ARM discrimination and classification analysis for GBR
o ($0.030M) Designed and constructed two prototype radar and millimeter wave omni-directional corner reflector decoys
o ($0.100M) Conducted SEO tactical-technical trade studies for CCD vs hardening tradeoffs and ARM CM SEOs
o ($0.900M) Completed ARM countermeasure evaluator (ACE) test bed design
o ($1.150M) Completed 80% of development of ACE for NMD applications
o ($0.100M) Initiated integrated CCD and armor applique design for ground equipment and vehicles
o ($0.090M) Conducted joint Camouflage, Concealment, and Deception (CD) joint Proof-of-Principle (POP) demonstration
o ($0.050M) Initiated actions to acquire ARM test articles
o ($0.040M) Identified initial synthetic aperture radar (SAR) countermeasures SEOs
o ($0.200M) Completed draft electromagnetic environmental effects (E3) criteria for TMD-GBR, THAAD, ERINT, GBI
o ($0.200M) Demonstrated RV length bulk filter for risk mitigation in non-homogeneous atmospheric regions
o ($0.300M) Developed radar environment status assessment algorithm (RESA) and initiated integration into STARTACS
o ($0.300M) Developed and tested OPINE track algorithm with dynamic waveform allocation and dispersion
o ($0.210M) First time demonstration of VIS/UV adjunct sensor operating in a nuclear disturbed optical background
o ($1.150M) Evaluated firing strategies for interceptor engagement planner
o ($0.810M) Prototyped command control decision aid for dynamic display of disturbed regions vs interceptor RF link paths
o ($2.310M) Provided survivability technology support (multithreat response modeling, risk mitigation studies, survivability assessment planning) for the Brilliant Eyes (BE) SPO
o ($1.277M) Performed tests and analyses of prompt and delayed nuclear environment effects on critical sensor components including hardened optical coatings, lightweight mirrors, UV/Vis detectors and seeker telescopes
o ($0.582M) Continued development and radiation testing of a hardened 60 GHz RF communication cross-link transceiver
o ($0.796M) Demonstrated prompt and Total Dose hardness of a light-weight ring laser gyro assembly; initiated data analysis of Hunters Trophy SPO materials experiment; provided preliminary evaluation of nuclear hardness of selected solar array concepts
o ($0.275M) Evaluated candidate BE contractor sensor designs for possible RF susceptibilities
o ($0.165M) Completed Vol I of the "Electromagnetic Environmental Effects (E3) Hardening Guidelines for Space Systems"
o ($0.135M) Developed equipment and test apparatus to evaluate RF susceptibility of advanced detectors and focal plane array for space based sensors
o ($0.283M) Performed review and evaluation of models predicting low altitude micrometeroid and debris environments and characterized debris degradation of pristine and space-aged (LDEF) optical samples
o ($0.200M) Develop and updat survivability technology status reports for GBR, GSTS, and ROC-COMM
o ($0.300M) Assessments of advanced/emerging survivability technologies in other countries
o ($1.441M) Development and maintenance of nuclear weapon environment and effects simulations and kinetic debris simulation.
o ($0.680M) Development of operation in a nuclear environment (OPINE) algorithms for system simulations (e.g. level 2 system simulation and extended air defense testbed simulation)
o ($0.200M) Conducted pre- and post tests for optical material characterization for AGT/UGT testing
o ($0.400M) Conducted predeployment survivability countermeasures and threat assessment
o ($0.150M) Initiated GBR propagation emulator development
o ($0.250M) Tested RF technology and countermeasures
o ($0.160M) Developed specific technologies and design guidelines for countermeasures to a reconnaissance surveillance and target acquisition sensor
o ($0.350M) Developed Nuclear weapons effects impact assessments on discrimination and classification algorithms for NMD GBR
o ($1.952M) Conducted above ground tests (AGTs) of interceptor and surveillance component electronics
o ($1.250M) Completed development of portable optical radiation/radar
o ($1.350M) Completed Data reduction and analysis of optical and electronic test data from Hunter's Trophy underground test
o ($0.240M) Developed methodologies and simulations for prioritization of conventional, chemical, biological, and RF survivability enhancement options within operational and logistic constraints
o ($0.850M) Provided electromagnetic environmental effects boards to THAAD, ERINT, Corps SAM, GBR, AOC-COMM, targets and GBI and conducted assessments of specific E3 issues
0 ($0.250M) Supported GBR, GBI and GSTS design reviews of survivability enhancement options
o ($0.600M) Developed hardened design for analog signal processor in a surveillance sensor
(U) FY 1994 Plans:
o ($0.350M) Identify sea-based and joint service BMC3 systems for survivability evaluation
o ($0.250M) Develop Survivability test criteria for sea-based and joint service BMD BMC3 systems
o ($0.200M) Conduct laboratory demonstration of thin film limiting device
o ($0.225M) Conduct Acquisition and Tracking Experiment on MSTI 2 satellite
o ($0.465M) Provide MSTI 3 flight hardware for survivability experiments and evaluate the performance of MSTI 3 on-board hardening devices
o ($0.030M) Design MSTI 4 flight hardware for survivability
o ($0.275M) Release EDGES Version 1.5 which permits SEO impact calculations for seekers subsystem
o ($1.332M) Complete ACE development and conduct initial HWIL ECCM/Decoy SEO assessments
o ($0.290M) Upgrade ACE capability to engage non-domestic ARMs employing unique guidance and signal processing techniques
o ($0.280M) Conduct GBR Discrimination and Tracking mitigation SEO development
o ($0.465M) Develop software for GBR Block II - mitigate nuclear propagation effects and weather effects
o ($0.150M) Complete E3 updates for all TMD elements
o ($0.457M) Complete CCD SEO definition for TMD UOEs
o ($0.050M) Maintain survivability technical information center
o ($0.585M) Design SW/HW for Radar Propagation Evaluation in Nuclear Environment
o ($0.265M) Complete kinetic impact debris distribution model
o ($0.212M) Electromagnetic effects and E3RB support
o ($0.294M) Assessment of technology, planning and travel for NMD technology readiness programs
o ($0.170M) Terminate nuclear, RF and space debris protection technology efforts for BMD space
assets
(U) FY 1995 Plans:
o ($0.800M) Validate verification tests and survivability demonstrations of sea-based and joint service BMC3 systems
o ($0.600M) Conduct Acquisition and Tracking Experiment on MSTI 3 and MSTI 4 satellites
o ($1.200M) Evaluate the performance of MSTI 4 on-board mitigation devices
o ($0.785M) Release EDGES integrated interceptor version which includes RF seeker and endo environments
o ($0.350M) Use ACE and develop initial ARM ECCM techniques for GBR, PATRIOT and other TMD program radars
o ($0.550M) Integrate ACE and RFSS Anechoic test facility
o ($0.500M) Publish initial HATMD CCD and conventional hardening SEO design guidelines for EMD
o ($0.465M) Integrate corruptor hardware/software into GTF
o ($0.250M) Develop and test discrimination algorithms and advance tracking algorithms
o ($1.000M) Provide E3 annual assessments for ERINT, THAAD, ROC/COMM, GBR, CorpsSam, and TMD target
o ($0.700M) Conduct SAR countermeasures POP test
o ($0.700M) Develop and validate RF countermeasures to RF weapons
(U) Program Plan to Completion: This is a continuing program.
D. (U) WORK PERFORMED BY:
o Naval Command, Control and Ocean Surveillance Center
o Air Force Space and Missile Systems Center, Phillips Laboratory, Wright Laboratory
o United States Army Space and Strategic Defense Command
o United States Army Research Laboratories
o Defense Nuclear Agency
o Missile and Space Intelligence Command
E. (U) COMPARISON WITH FY 1994 DESCRIPTIVE SUMMARY:
1. TECHNICAL CHANGES: A small survivability effort was initiated as a result of the successful MSTI 1 flight experiment and the subsequent MSTI flight opportunities. This MSTI survivability effort was initiated in June 1993. A program was initiated in October 1993 to support the survivability of sea-based BMD elements. Sea-based elements will be assessed for possible vulnerabilities and survivability enhancements will be identified and recommended, as appropriate, leveraging on previous research performed for ground and space-based systems.
2. SCHEDULE CHANGES:
3. COST CHANGES: The reduction in total funding by approximately 75% has resulted in cancellation of major parts of the program and slippage of most remaining milestones. All survivability efforts in support of space Missile Tracking Sensors (MTS) in nuclear and RF environments has been canceled, and efforts in supporting space MTSs in laser environments has been reduced to a minimum. For ground-based elements, Integrated Effects Testing for Survivability (INETS), nuclear effects of electronics and optics, SEOs for operation in nuclear environments, and SEOs against unconventional warfare have been cancelled, and all other work has been severely reduced.
F. (U) PROGRAM DOCUMENTATION:
o Survivability Technology Program Master Plan 2Q/FY94
G. (U) RELATED ACTIVITIES:
o Defense Nuclear Agency PE No. 0602715H
(U) The DNA generic research and development program supports efforts to provide the technology base
for the nuclear survivability of all U.S. weapons systems. It supports above ground testing and test
facility upgrades, high fidelity calculation of nuclear environments, and system hardness validation
methodologies. Technology programs are coordinated with BMDO and a memorandum of understanding executed
to preclude duplication of effort and provide POM leverage of DNA generic efforts.
o Air Force Satellite Systems Survivability PE No. 0603438F
(U) The Air Force Satellite Systems Survivability Program directs research and development studies,
analyses, planning and demonstrations for technologies to improve the survivability of US military space
systems against current and future threats.
H. (U) OTHER APPROPRIATION FUNDS: None
I. (U) INTERNATIONAL COOPERATIVE AGREEMENTS: BMDO Cooperative Research Exchange with United Kingdom
Ministry of Defense (SCORE).
J. (U) MILESTONE SCHEDULE:
o Thin film limiting device demonstration 2Q/FY94
o MSTI 2 Acquisition and Tracking Experiment 3Q/FY94
o Deliver MSTI 4 Flight Hardware 4Q/FY94
o Achieve ACE IOC 1Q/FY94
o Begin GBR ARM countermeasures HWIL testing 2Q/FY94
o Complete ACE Upgrade for additional threat ARMS 3Q/FY94
o Conduct limited SAR countermeasures POP test 3Q/FY94
o Complete integrated CCD/Armor SEO Design 3Q/FY94
Provide BM/C3 user demo 4Q/FY94
o Develop initial ARM CM algorithms 4Q/FY94
Complete initial CCD SEO definition for 4Q/FY94
Upper Tier Theater Missile Defense UOES
o Complete E3 Updates for TMD 4Q/FY94
o Release EDGES Version 1.5 which includes SEO 4Q/FY94
SEO Impact Calculations for Seeker Subsystem
o Provide GBR user demo 4Q/FY94
o Complete initial CorpsSam SEO Study 1Q/FY94
o MSTI 4 Acquisition and Tracking Experiment 2Q/FY95
o Integrate ACE and MICOM RFSS Anechoic facility 2Q/FY95