Program Element: 0603217C Project Number: 1111
PE Title: Ballistic Missile Defense (U) Budget Activity: 03
Adv Technology Dev (U)
February 1994
A. (U) Resources: ($ in Thousands)
Project Title: Advanced Sensor Technology
FY1993 FY1994 FY1995 FY1996 FY1997 FY1998 FY1999 Total
Program Name: Actual Estimate Estimate Estimate Estimate Estimate Estimate Program
0603217C RDT&E 43,989 36,527 48,000 48,000 48,000 48,000 48,000 Continuing
B. (U) BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF MISSION REQUIREMENT AND SYSTEM CAPABILITIES:
(U) The overall objectives of this program are to provide for the development, independent government
testing, and integration of state-of-art advanced technology demonstrations (ATDs) to develop sensor
systems and demonstration of system operational concepts in realistic scenarios. Specifically, it
develops follow-on sensor components, subsystems, and integrates developmental systems and conducts
functional demonstrations to support theater air defense and dual use applications. The focus of follow-on sensor technologies, while exploring increased capabilities in the infrared, will include other small,
lightweight, low power sensor concepts such as synthetic aperture radars, LIDAR, hyper spectral UV-to IR,
on-FPA processing, multi-color FPA's, higher efficiency/long-life cryocoolers, etc. This broad range of
activities may include potential projects of mutual benefit with our foreign friends and allies.
(U) This project also provides funding for the Miniature Sensor Technology Integration (MSTI) technology
development program. The MSTI program will continue the development, integration, test and verification
of on-orbit advanced miniaturized sensor technologies for space-based surveillance and ballistic missile
track capability as well as environmental/ecological dual use applications. Using off-the-shelf hardware
to the maximum extent possible, MSTI satellites are manufactured and launched rapidly, enabling MSTI
technology achievements to aid the development efforts of space-based surveillance systems and
demonstration of system operational concepts in realistic scenarios. MSTI will demonstrate monocular
tracking capability in several IR wavebands, and will serve as a test bed for handover solutions to an
interceptor with sufficient accuracy to enable a missile intercept. The MSTI satellites will observe the
LEAP flights throughout the Navy LEAP and SRAM/LEAP flight test programs tracking the targets and handing
off the information to suitable ground assets. The MSTI satellites will be used to validate the
contribution of a space-based sensor to state-of-the-art interceptor flights. The MSTI bus will also
perform orbital tests of interceptor seekers, processors, propulsion systems, communications systems, and
other components in a long-duration space exposure environment which will provide performance data in
support of interceptor EMD decisions. With MSTI satellites on-orbit together in a managed constellation,
distributed sensor concepts using data fusion techniques will be explored. Concomitantly, launch point
identification will be demonstrated as a by product of the on-board track file generation to evaluate the
potential use of space-based sensors for counterforce operations. Additionally, the MSTI program
includes the development of a mobile command and control capability, and will explore the potential use
of space-based sensors for environmental/ecological monitoring and for executing joint, international
space missions. It is expected that at an appropriate time during FY94, MSTI activites will be
transferred to the Air Force.
(U) This project is assigned to the Budget Activity and Program Element codes as identified in this
descriptive summary in accordance with existing Department of Defense policy. Further justification of
the Budget Activity code assigned to each Program Element is contained within the Brief Description of
Element section of each Program Element Summary.
C. (U) PROGRAM ACCOMPLISHMENTS AND PLANS:
(U) FY 1993 Accomplishments:
o ($2.9M) Demonstrated first (pathfinder) Miniature Seeker Technology Integration (MSTI) satellite in orbital launch from Vandenberg on SCOUT launch vehicle. Collected MWIR background data for future mission planning.
o ($39.089M) Incorporated advanced SWIR and MWIR sensor technologies into MSTI-SCOUT 2 and planned tracking experiments of LEAP targets and targets of opportunity in several wavebands. Completed satellite design and planning 2Q94 launch. Initiated design of MSTI-3 satellite. MSTI-3 to utilize multiple waveband sensors to track targets, collect phenomenology and compute on-board limited track files for handoff to ground control assets. Developed system requirements for MSTI-4 satellite. Completed design for initial orbital cross-link and distributed sensor processing using multiple MSTI satellites.
o ($.4M) Assessed feasibility of dual use of missile tracking space-based sensors and conducting joint technology cooperation projects with Russia, Israel, France, and UK.
o ($1.6M) Initiated design efforts for long-duration, stressing space environment mission (MSTI-5).
Conducted preliminary feasibility tests for MSTI-5 subsystems.
(U) FY 1994 Plans:
o ($33.219M) Complete development and testing of MSTI-2 and -3. Execute on-orbit operations of MSTI-2 and -3 missions, including tracking of interceptor targets trajectories. Demonstrate advanced sensors in flight experiments on MSTI satellites. Continue development for advanced technology flight tests.
o ($2.0M) Perform closed loop tracking of theater ballistic missile-class targets and targets of opportunity in multiple wavebands. Collect background phenomenology data as secondary objective.
o ($308K) Continue integration of LEAP derived components into the Deep Space Program Science Experiment missions.
o ($200K) Develop advanced sensors concepts for future on-orbit demonstrations.
o ($800K) Develop and conduct joint program plans with the UK, France, Israel, and others.
(U) FY 1995 Plans:
o ($6.5M) Execute on-orbit operations of missions. Conduct advanced stereo-imaging experiments, generating track files of NAVY LEAP targets and other cooperative targets.
Perform closed-loop tracking for boosting and warm body targets in multiple band passes.
o ($38M) Evaluate and develop advanced sensor concepts (i.e., LWIR and LIDAR) for future BMDO missions. Pursue advanced sensor deployment on alternative satellite platforms. Evaluate advanced technology communications such as high data rate space-space cross-links and down down links.
o ($2.6M) Continue data analysis/modeling efforts with data and with environmental/ecological communities. Continue to study innovative concepts for applying BMDO sensor technology to gather additional data of non-DoD, civilian, and environmental benefit.
o ($900K) Conduct joint data experiments gathering analysis with international partners.
(U) Program Plan to Completion: This is a continuing program.
D. (U) WORK PERFORMED BY:
(U) In-House:
o Air Force Phillips Laboratory - Edwards AFB, CA
o Jet Propulsion Laboratory - Pasadena, CA
o AF Phillips Laboratory - Albuquerque, NM
o AF Phillips Laboratory - Hanscom AFB, MA
o Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, CA
o US Army Space and Strategic Defense Command - Huntsville, AL
(U) Contractor:
o Spectrum Astro, Inc. - Gilbert, AZ
o Rocketdyne Div, Rockwell Corp. - Canoga Park, CA
o ANSER Corp. - Arlington, VA
o Loral EOS - Pasadena, CA
o Wyle Laboratories - El Segundo, CA
o SPARTA Inc. - Laguna Hills, CA
o ISI - Santa Clara, CA
o SEMCO - San Diego, CA
o Hughes Missile Systems Company - Canoga Park, CA
o SAIC, San Diego, CA
E. (U) COMPARISON WITH FY 1994 DESCRIPTIVE SUMMARY:
1. TECHNICAL CHANGES:
o Increased MSTI-3 payload capabilities by adding a visible wedge filter spectrometer to enhance data gathering efforts.
o Increased MSTI participation with international partners to conduct joint data gathering (analysis efforts. Agreements are evolving with Israel, the UK, and France.
o Delete MSTI-4 and MSTI-5 missions. Deleted space-to-space communications capability.
o Adds Advanced Sensor Techology Program
2. SCHEDULE CHANGES:
o MSTI-2 launch slipped to 2QFY94 due to late hardware deliveries and correction of payload camera problems identified in integration and test. Slip provides increased data opportunities with MSTI-3.
3. COST CHANGES:
o MSTI-4 and MSTI-5 have been terminated.
o Budget reductions required MSTI-3 downsizing
o Advanced Sensor Technology Program added for FY95 and beyond.
F. (U) PROGRAM DOCUMENTATION:
o MSTI-2 Mission Requirements Document 4/93
o MSTI-2 Mission Ops Plan 7/93
o MSTI-2 CATEX 7/93
o MSTI-2 Treaty Certification 1/93
o MSTI-3 Mission Requirements Document 10/93
o MSTI-3 Mission Ops Plan 2/94
o MSTI-3/4 CATEX 1/94
o MSTI-3 Treaty Certification 1/93
G. (U) RELATED ACTIVITIES:
o 1210 LEAP Tech Demo Program PE No. 0603216C
o 1504 Materials and Structures Technology PE No. 0603217C
o 1201 Miniaturized
Integration Technology and Validation PE No. 0603217C
Facilities Support PE No. 0603217C
o 1101 Passive Sensor Technologies
o 1102 Radar Technologies
o 1104 Signal Processing and Microelectronics
o There is no unnecessary duplication of effort within BMDO or the DoD.
H. (U) OTHER APPROPRIATION FUNDS: None
I. (U) INTERNATIONAL COOPERATIVE AGREEMENTS: Draft Agreement in place with Israel for joint data collections. Israel Foreign Disclosure Guidelines completed March 1, 1991, others are in work.
J. (U) MILESTONE SCHEDULE:
o MSTI SCOUT- 1 Launch 1Q/FY93
o MSTI SCOUT- 2 Launch 2Q/FY94
o MSTI - 3 Launch 3Q/FY94
o Advanced Technology Program Initiated 1Q/FY95