Mission Description and Budget Item Justification: This program element (PE) provides ballistic technologies required for defensive (armor) and offensive (anti-armor) weapons systems to counter changing threats. Project AH80 is focused on anti-armor warhead mechanics, penetrator mechanics, munition-target interactions, terminal effects, propulsion dynamics, launch and flight dynamics, remote sensing, and computational physics. It also includes work in hypervelocity penetrators and electro thermal chemical (ETC) technology that will greatly increase anti-armor capabilities. Corresponding emphasis is placed on advanced armor technology and vulnerability, lethality and survivability analyses and efforts to optimize effectiveness and survivability of armored combat vehicles. Beginning in FY 96, funding for electric gun and ETC technologies was moved from AH80 to a separate project - AH75. Project AH75 focuses on pulsed power technologies for electric armaments which offer the potential to field leap ahead capability in providing a hypervelocity and hyperenergy launch well above the ability of the conventional cannon. Project AH81 taps the innovation of industry and pursues the most promising and affordable approaches to developing armor/anti-armor technologies. This program element has been coordinated with the other military services through the Tri-Service Reliance and the Conventional Weapons Technology Area Plan to prevent duplication of effort and to maximize the return on investment. One result of this process is the Army's leveraging of Navy PE 0603795N and PE 0603217N and Defense Nuclear Agency PE 0602715H for ETC technology demonstrations. These projects include non-system specific development efforts pointed toward specific military needs and therefore are appropriate to Budget Activity 2.

	COST (In Thousands)	FY 1995 Actual	FY 1996 Estimate	FY 1997 Estimate	FY 1998 Estimate	FY 1999 Estimate	FY 2000 Estimate	FY 2001 Estimate		Cost to Complete	Total Cost
AH80	Ballistics Technology	22509	20520	21262	22260	25333	24081	24596		Continuing	Continuing

A. Mission Description and Justification: Project AH80 - Ballistics Technology: This project produces key technologies required for armaments and armor materiel to allow U.S. dominance in future conflicts across a full spectrum of threats in a global context. This project supports ballistic technology advances in vehicle survivability, direct fire armament capabilities, indirect fire support, and weapon effectiveness evaluation in order to be able to design the most effective weapon capabilities and optimally protect against the most dangerous threats. Emphasis is placed on advancement of simulation and modeling technologies to foster the exploitation of the Army's supercomputer network. This project continues to support extensive experimental programs to advance the state-of-the-art of ballistics technologies.

FY 1995 Accomplishments:

	13361	- Finalized designs for a weaponizable reverse annular piston liquid propellant gun and demonstrated muzzle velocity enhancement for solid propellant electro thermal chemical (ETC) concepts.
		- For indirect fire, demonstrated an all-composite High Capacity Artillery Projectile (HICAP) prototype with equivalent payload mass; for direct fire, designed an advanced sabot for long rod penetrators.
		- Evaluated ability of ceramic/composite armor concepts to defeat novel Kinetic Energy penetrators.
	9148	- Evaluated performance of a moving inertial reticle system against moving targets; evaluated preliminary north finding technologies with 0.5 degree accuracy and make down selection.
		- Developed next generation vulnerability, lethality and survivability methodologies for analyzing conventional ballistics using the modular unix-based vulnerability estimation suite (MUVES) environment.
		- Developed resin transfer molding composite technology to the point where ARL simulations are now included on the Comanche helicopter program. Established a laboratory/test bed for 21 CLW compliant with Distributed Interactive Simulations (DIS).
Total	22509

FY 1996 Planned Program:

	11314	- Investigate diode laser technology for the direct ignition of solid/liquid propellants and model inbore and free flight projectile stability, surface heating and ablation of hypervelocity projectiles.
		- Demonstrate an armor capable of defeating projectiles over a wide velocity spectrum.
		- Integrate ETC tank cartridge (plasma generator, bullets, propellant), and demonstrate improved electrical enhancement factors while maintaining enhanced performance.
		- For spinning projectiles or submunitions, develop a rotation-compensated warhead concept; for long rod penetrators, demonstrate a micro-rocket motor to reduce drag.

FY 1996 Planned Program: (continued)

	9136	- Integrate target acquisition, image stabilization and target cueing with the inertial reticle system fire control for secondary armament.
		- Implement ballistic shock and secondary spall algorithms in the stochastic vulnerability/lethality analysis code in support of live-fire test and evaluation of U.S. Army systems, to be first exercised on the armored gun system.
		- Simulate the resin transfer molding processes used by United Defense for manufacturing Composite Armored Vehicle components. Improve DIS compliant smoke/obscurants models and insert into Synthetic Environments.
	70	- Revised economic assumption not available for execution.
Total	20520

FY 1997 Planned Program:

	10815	- Develop enabling technologies for lightweight weapons and focused warhead effects for the light and special operations forces which improve their effectiveness in remote locations and in operations other than war.
		- Test artillery projectile technologies which provide gliding flight and enhanced accuracy for extended range.
		- Provide technology to enhance weapon lethality in long standoff, counter active protection and theater missile defense applications.
		- Demonstrate technologies to allow lightweight protection of armored systems to advanced threats such as kinetic energy weapons and top attack weapons.
	10447	- Develop unique armor and armaments technologies which will provide synergy with battlefield digitization to enhance both lethality and survivability.
		- Conduct theoretical and experimental studies of novel gun propulsion concepts for laboratory and weapon system applications to provide the energy required to defeat evolving threats.
		- Implement missile-to-missile impact and hypervelocity penetration models for Theater Missile Defense programs to assess target structural damage and lethal agent destruction/negation caused by interceptor.
		- Develop thick composite technology using resin transfer molding process. Demonstrate integration of the multi-user prototype synthetic environment with computer generated individual combatants. Develop mission planning and rehearsal tools simulating the battlefield to quickly adjust mission plans to changing battlefield situations.
Total	21262

B. Project Change Summary	FY 1995	FY 1996	FY 1997
Previous President's Budget Request (FY 1996)	22755	23249	26875
Appropriated Amount (FY 1995)	22755
Adjustment to FY 1995	-246
Appropriated Amount (FY 1996)		20721
Adjustment to FY 1996		-201
Adjustments to Budget Year (FY 1997) Since FY 1996 President's Budget			-5613
Current President's Budget Submit	22509	20520	21262

Change Summary Explanation:

Funding: FY97 change: Restructure of funds to Project AH75 (-5568).