COST ($ In Thousands)

FY 1996 Actual

FY 1997 Estimate

FY 1998 Estimate

FY 1999 Estimate

FY 2000 Estimate

FY 2001 Estimate

FY 2002 Estimate

FY 2003 Estimate

Cost to Complete

Total Cost

Total Program Element (PE) Cost

 

Quantity of RDT&E Articles

(U) A. Mission Description and Budget Item Justification: This Advanced Technology Development program provides technology to enable continued avionics superiority. Combat aircraft must defeat increasingly sophisticated active and passive countermeasures, destroy a wide variety of targets with precision, and reliably perform complex missions with less logistics support in a world of proliferating threats. This program responds to these needs by developing and demonstrating technologies and techniques for advanced radio frequency sensors (i.e., radar) and electro-optical sensors for airborne and ground targeting including: electronic counter-countermeasures; advanced electronics technologies for improvements in cost, weight, and reliability; fire control/weapon delivery; target identification and recognition technologies; and techniques for precision air and ground target kills. Emphasis is on detecting, locating, and targeting airborne, fixed, and time-critical mobile ground targets while providing the capability to adapt to changes in target signatures and background environments. These advanced avionics capabilities will provide for flexible, multi-function/multi-mission combat aircraft that can: safely penetrate threat areas; destroy multiple ground targets per pass; accurately detect and identify targets beyond-visual-range within a complex mix of look-alike friendly, neutral, and enemy aircraft; win aerial engagements; and return to fight again.

(U) B. Program Change Summary ($ in Thousands):

 

FY 1996

FY 1997

FY 1998

FY 1999

Total

Cost

(U) Previous President’s Budget

30,577

28,691

29,944

31,753

Cont

(U) Appropriated Value

32,131

28,691

     

(U) Adjustments to Appropriated Value

         

a. Congressional/General Reductions

-636

-585

     

b. SBIR

-616

-605

     

c. Omnibus/Other Above Threshold Reprogrammings

-811

-26

     

d. Below Threshold Reprogrammings

-636

       

(U) Current Budget Submit/FY 1998 PB

29,432

27,475

26,507

28,206

Cont

(U) Change Summary Explanation:

Funding: Changes to this PE since the previous President’s Budget are due budget constraints and priorities within the Science and Technology (S&T) Program.

Schedule: Not Applicable.

Technical: Not Applicable.

(U) C. Other Program Funding Summary: Not Applicable.

(U) D. Schedule Profile: Not Applicable.

COST ($ In Thousands)

FY 1996 Actual

FY 1997 Estimate

FY 1998 Estimate

FY 1999 Estimate

FY 2000 Estimate

FY 2001 Estimate

FY 2002 Estimate

FY 2003 Estimate

Cost to Complete

Total Cost

665A

Airborne Sensors Technology

13,190

11,326

12,380

11,314

12,466

14,183

14,744

15,170

Continuing

Continuing

(U) A. Mission Description and Budget Item Justification: Develops and demonstrates airborne sensor technologies, including electro-optical sensors, radars, and electronic counter-countermeasures (ECCM) for radars. This project provides the warfighter with the capability to precisely detect and target both airborne targets (conventional and low radar cross section) and ground-based, high-value, time-critical targets. Work includes developing both complete sensor capabilities as well as advanced component technologies. The desired warfighting capability includes the ability to detect and target in difficult background conditions, with emphasis on countering improvements in camouflage, concealment, and deception techniques that limit current detection and tracking capability for threats obscured by these means.

(U) FY 1996 ($ in Thousands):

  • (U) $1,485

Develop a conformal, low-observable infrared search and track (IRST) window capable of meeting long-range detection requirements while minimizing adverse impacts to the aircraft platform. Integrate sensor, algorithm, and infrared phenomenology models into an IRST end-to-end simulation to evaluate sensor performance. Evaluate concepts for improving look-down performance and reducing IRST size, weight, and cost.

 
  • (U) Completed evaluation of aero-optical effects in a supersonic wind tunnel.
  • (U) $1,530
  • Develop affordable air-to-air electro-optical sensor technology for long-range target detection and tracking to further reduce complexity, size, and cost of electro-optical sensors.

     
    • (U) Completed design of compact, affordable sensor for airborne weapon systems which require long-range passive target detection.
  • (U) $1,334
  • Develop airborne, air-to-ground, wind profiling technologies to enhance first shot hit capability of gunships and improve precision air drops from cargo aircraft. This technology will decrease loiter time and increase operational altitude, thus, improving survivability.

     
    • (U) Demonstrated gunship performance enhancement with airborne wind profiler.
     
    • (U) Flight-tested wind profiling technologies with Warner Robins Air Logistics Command for application to gunship platforms.
     
    • (U) Completed fabrication of flight worthy, high-power, reliable laser transceiver for evaluation of wind profiling sensor system.
  • (U) $928
  • Develop and demonstrate, through a multi-Service program, the electro-optical multi-spectral sensor and algorithm technology required to passively search large areas, detect, and target ground-based threats in an open or obscured environment. This is a cooperative effort between the Army, Navy, and Air Force. Passive search allows the user to remain covert.

     
    • (U) Performed multi-spectral imaging data collections to enable design of airborne sensor for generic reconnaissance platforms.
     
    • (U) Demonstrated passive targeting of ground-based targets at extended weapon stand-off ranges (>20 km from target).
       
       
       
    • (U) $1,043

    Develop, demonstrate, and evaluate advanced laser technologies that provide pilots with positive, timely, and reliable identification information that is compatible with existing identification/identify friend or foe techniques. This technology will be packaged for existing electro-optical systems and provides the multi-mission capability of supporting air-to-air missile launch at 60 km and air-to-ground weapon launch at 15-25 km.

     
    • (U) Demonstrated sensor capability at operationally useful ranges.
     
    • (U) Evaluated three-dimensional imaging technologies in simulations using tower data and compared to conventional imaging and range-only techniques.
  • (U) $1,423
  • Develop and demonstrate radar electronic counter-countermeasure (ECCM) techniques capable of negating air intercept and synthetic aperture radar electronic countermeasure (ECM) threats.

     
    • (U) Developed, trained, and tested neural net algorithms to improve identification of possible jamming sources.
     
    • (U) Developed advanced synthetic aperture radar techniques and tested to evaluate susceptibility to jamming.
     
    • (U) Developed and evaluated digital radio frequency memory ECCM techniques to negate airborne ECM.
  • (U) $1,328
  • Develop adaptive processing techniques to negate clutter and electromagnetic interference, both intentional and unintentional, for uninterrupted sensor performance and increased detection and targeting performance against sophisticated and low radar cross section targets.

     
    • (U) Developed and evaluated algorithms to reduce effects of terrain scattering and radome reflections/clutter and to improve target detection range.
     
    • (U) Defined data collection requirements and data analysis plan for selection of algorithms and techniques for advanced airborne radars.
     
    • (U) Performed data collection and data reduction/processing for adaptive processing algorithms.
  • (U) $2,109
  • Develop and demonstrate, through an Air Force/Navy/Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency program, the sensor and algorithm technology required to detect, identify, and target high-value, time-critical targets obscured by foliage or concealed through deceptive techniques.

     
    • (U) Continued to collect data for algorithm development and selection.
     
    • (U) Developed real-time, concealed target detection algorithms.
  • (U) $2,010
  • Develop technology required to achieve improved life cycle cost for current and future airborne radar apertures and systems.

     
    • (U) Designed radar subsystem interface improvements for affordability and reliability.
     
    • (U) Evaluated low-cost synthetic aperture radar motion compensation techniques derived from Global Positioning System technology.
  • (U) $13,190
  • Total

     

     

     

    (U) FY 1997 ($ in Thousands):

    • (U) $218

    Develop affordable multi-function electro-optical sensor technology for long-range target detection and track/missile warning. This effort will combine the offensive and defensive functions into a single electro-optical sensor, reducing volume and cost of the overall system.

     
    • (U) Define multi-function sensor technologies for an integrated offensive and defensive sensor system.
  • (U) $873
  • Develop airborne, air-to-ground, wind profiling technologies to enhance first shot hit capability of gunships and for greater precision air drops from cargo aircraft. This technology will decrease loiter time and increase operational altitude, thus, improving survivability.

     
    • (U) Complete evaluation and transition wind profiling system in cooperation with Warner Robins Air Logistics Command.
     
    • (U) Investigate technology issues related to improving cargo drop performance on aircraft utilizing wind profiling.
  • (U) $873
  • Develop and demonstrate, through a tri-Service program, the multi-spectral electro-optical sensor and algorithm technology required to passively search large areas, detect, and target ground-based targets in the open and under cover. Passive search allows the user to remain covert.

     
    • (U) Verify multi-spectral targeting sensor performance using tower data for joint United Kingdom/France/U.S. Air Force/U.S. Navy advanced fire control development program.
  • (U) $2,255
  • Develop, demonstrate, and evaluate advanced laser technologies that provide pilots with positive, timely, and reliable identification information that is compatible with existing reliable identification/identify friend or foe techniques. This technology will be packaged for existing electro-optical systems and provide the capability for air-to-air missile launch at 60 km and air-to-ground weapon launch at 15-25 km.

     
    • (U) Demonstrate three-dimensional imaging capability in a field test.
  • (U) $1,703
  • Develop and demonstrate radar electronic counter-countermeasure (ECCM) techniques to negate air intercept and synthetic aperture radar electronic countermeasure threats.

     
    • (U) Evaluate synthetic aperture radar ECCM techniques that allow all-weather targeting of high-value ground targets while under severe jamming.
     
    • (U) Perform laboratory and roofhouse demonstrations of electronic protection techniques for transition to front-line fighters and bombers operating in harsh electronic countermeasure environments.
  • (U) $1,703
  • Develop adaptive processing techniques to negate clutter and electromagnetic interference, both intentional and intentional, for uninterrupted sensor performance and increased detection and targeting performance against sophisticated and low radar cross section targets.

     
    • (U) Continue to develop innovative concepts to eliminate clutter and interference from other sensors on board and enable the maximum possible target detection and tracking range.
     
    • (U) Use airborne radar data to perform cost/performance trade studies of advanced clutter/interference mitigation techniques.
       
       

     
    • (U) $1,932

    Develop and demonstrate, through an Air Force/Navy/Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency program, the radio frequency sensor and algorithm technology required to detect, identify, and target high-value, time-critical targets obscured by foliage or concealed through deceptive techniques.

     
    • (U) Perform ground demonstration of real-time, automatic detection of concealed/camouflaged, high-value, time-critical targets.
     
    • (U) Develop sensor specification for an airborne, all-weather, concealed target detection sensor.
  • (U) $1,769
  • Develop critical components required to lower life cycle cost of radar apertures for operational and future radar systems.

     
    • (U) Fabricate low-cost antenna aperture for improved performance of electronic scanned arrays.
     
    • (U) Perform experiments to evaluate aperture technology for performance and reliability under laboratory conditions and harsh operating environments.
     
    • (U) Develop radar aperture technology with life cycle cost reduction goal of 20-40%.
  • (U) $11,326
  • Total

    (U) FY 1998 ($ in Thousands):

    • (U) $3,103

    Develop integrated air-to-air and air-to-ground electro-optical sensor technologies to detect and identify targets at ranges longer than currently achievable, whether the targets are camouflaged, low-observable, or employing other means of deception. This technology will enable warfighters to engage mobile strategic targets.

     
    • (U) Complete collection of field test data for the design of a day/night multispectral sensor capable of detection of deep hide targets.
     
    • (U) Initiate a multi-national program to demonstrate affordable, real-time, air-to-ground and air-to-air precision targeting capability from survivable stand-off ranges (20 km).
  • (U) $2,483
  • Develop airborne, air-to-ground wind profiling technologies to enhance accuracy of bomb drops and cargo delivery.

     
    • (U) Demonstrate modular wind profiler that shows four to ten times improvement in air drop capability from 28,000 feet.
     
    • (U) Complete design and begin fabrication of wind sensor system to improve unguided bombing accuracies.
  • (U) $1,241
  • Develop and demonstrate radar electronic counter-countermeasure techniques to negate air intercept and synthetic aperture radar electronic countermeasures.

     
    • (U) Develop electronic protection techniques against emerging threats, including application of neural nets to identify and remove jamming waveforms, and use real radar imagery to assess improvements.
  • (U) $3,103
  • Develop processing techniques to negate clutter and electromagnetic interference, both intentional and unintentional, for uninterrupted sensor performance and increased detection and targeting performance against sophisticated and low radar cross section targets.

     
    • (U) Refine advanced, integrated, air-to-air/air-to-ground, clutter/interference techniques to restore high performance radar capabilities in severe jamming and clutter environments. Demonstrate a four times improvement in acquisition range through adaptive processing.
       
       
       
    • (U) $1,117

    Develop and demonstrate the radio frequency sensor and algorithm technology required to detect, identify, and target high-value, time-critical targets obscured by foliage or concealed through deceptive techniques.

     
    • (U) Demonstrate, through and Air Force/Army/Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency program, real-time automatic detection algorithms in unmanned aerial vehicle-sized radar hardware in preparation for flight demonstration of all-weather, obscured target detection.
  • (U) $1,333
  • Develop critical components required to lower life cycle cost of current and future radar systems.

     
    • (U) Perform experiments to evaluate antenna technology for performance and reliability improvements under laboratory conditions; conduct flight test of an affordable replacement antenna suitable for unmanned aerial vehicles.
     
    • (U) Conduct flight tests of an advanced antenna for precision weapon delivery.
  • (U) $12,380
  • Total

    (U) FY 1999 ($ in Thousands):

    • (U) $3,411

    Develop integrated air-to-air and air-to-ground electro-optical (EO) sensor technologies to detect and identify targets at ranges longer than currently achievable, whether the targets are camouflaged, low-observable, or employing other means of deception. This technology will enable warfighters to engage mobile strategic targets.

     
    • (U) Evaluate integrated EO sensor system components and assess for automatic target recognition capability.
     
    • (U) Use field test data to fabricate an airborne EO sensor which can operate in day or night and across multiple optical bands.
     
    • (U) Complete design and initiate fabrication of a multi-national integrated EO sensor.
  • (U) $1,705
  • Develop airborne, air-to-ground wind profiling technologies to enhance accuracy of bomb drops and cargo delivery.

     
    • (U) Demonstrate wind-corrected bomb drops using a B-52 as a test platform.
  • (U) $1,137
  • Develop and demonstrate radar electronic counter-countermeasure techniques to negate air intercept and synthetic aperture radar electronic countermeasures.

    • (U) Continue to develop electronic protection techniques against emerging threats, including application of neural nets to identify and remove jamming waveforms, and use real radar imagery to assess improvements.
  • (U) $2,842
  • Develop processing techniques to negate clutter and electromagnetic interference, both intentional and unintentional, for uninterrupted sensor performance and increased detection and targeting performance against sophisticated and low radar cross section targets.

     
    • (U) Conduct laboratory/rooftop demonstration of advanced clutter/interference mitigation techniques for restoring high performance air-to-air and air-to-ground radar capabilities in severe jamming and interference environments.
       
       
       
       
    • (U) $1,251

    Develop and demonstrate the radio frequency sensor and algorithm technology required to detect, identify, and target high-value, time-critical targets obscured by foliage or concealed through deceptive techniques.

     
    • (U) Evaluate automatic, real-time target detection algorithms for all-weather, obscured target detection radar.
  • (U) $968
  • Develop critical components required to lower life cycle cost of current and future radar systems.

     
    • (U) Laboratory/rooftop test low-cost radar subsystem technology to demonstrate performance and reliability improvements.
  • (U) $11,314
  • Total

    (U) B. Program Change Summary ($ in Thousands):

     

    FY 1996

    FY 1997

    FY 1998

    FY 1999

    Total

    Cost

    (U) Previous President’s Budget

    13,826

    11,833

    13,243

    14,047

    Cont

    (U) Current Budget Submit/FY 1998 PB

    13,190

    11,326

    12,380

    11,314

    Cont

    (U) Change Summary Explanation:

    Funding: Changes to this project since the previous President’s Budget are due to budget constraints and priorities within the Science and Technology (S&T) Program.

    Schedule: Not Applicable.

    Technical: Not Applicable.

    (U) C. Other Program Funding Summary:

    (U) Related Activities:

    (U) D. Schedule Profile: Not Applicable.

    COST ($ In Thousands)

    FY 1996 Actual

    FY 1997 Estimate

    FY 1998 Estimate

    FY 1999 Estimate

    FY 2000 Estimate

    FY 2001 Estimate

    FY 2002 Estimate

    FY 2003 Estimate

    Cost to Complete

    Total Cost

    69CK

    Advanced Electronics

    3,363

    3,368

    1,532

    3,078

    3,097

    3,269

    3,288

    3,496

    Continuing

    Continuing

    (U) A. Mission Description and Budget Item Justification: Develops and demonstrates military essential microelectronic devices, tools, and components that improve performance, reliability, and affordability of radar, communications, and electronic counter-countermeasure systems for both retrofit and new system applications. Results of the work provide the warfighter with increased sensor capabilities in terms of increased situational awareness, higher accuracy detection and tracking of targets/threats at longer ranges, more precise weapon employment, and increased affordability. This project develops electronics technologies unavailable from commercial sources and includes development of: monolithic solid state transmit/receive modules for airborne radar; high-speed analog-to-digital converters; high reliability electronics power distribution; and microwave/microelectronics packaging and interconnect techniques.

    (U) FY 1996 ($ in Thousands):

    • (U) $1,652

    Develop advanced microelectronics component, power distribution, packaging, and interconnect technologies to provide for ten times reduction in power consumption, cost, weight, and volume of target detection electronics.

     
    • (U) Developed Phase II multichip assemblies under the integrated circuit encapsulation program.
     
    • (U) Developed new power architectures and devices for multi-function phased array systems containing analog and digital subsystems.
     
    • (U) Completed a functional design of a custom integrated circuit which can execute an algorithm for radar signature prediction.
     
    • (U) Built a graphics generator chip that will result in reduced pilot workload.
  • (U) $875
  • Develop advanced component technologies to integrate multi-function microwave and millimeter wave circuits for reduced airborne sensor cost, weight, and volume, and improved reliability of radar and targeting electronics.

     
    • (U) Demonstrated the reproducibility and manufacturability of an advanced wide band klystron for applications such as the Airborne Warning and Control System (AWACS).
     
    • (U) Developed low band millimeter wave power module for interrogator, transponder, communications, and navigation applications.
  • (U) $836
  • Develop advanced multi-function sensor electronics, including integrated analog/digital elements (both radio frequency and electro-optical), to increase reliability, improve performance, and decrease cost, weight, and volume in integrated airborne avionics.

     
    • (U) Fabricated and tested advanced multiplexers for transmit/receive modules for generic avionics applications.
     
    • (U) Completed initial component and circuit designs for highly integrated analog/digital microwave receivers which will move the digital interface closer to the antenna to reduce cost and improve performance.
  • (U) $3,363
  • Total

    (U) FY 1997 ($ in Thousands):

    • (U) $1,641

    Develop advanced microelectronics component, power distribution, packaging, and interconnect technologies to provide for reduction in power consumption, cost, weight, and volume of target detection electronics.

     
    • (U) Demonstrate reliability of inorganic chip seal process that reduces size and cost of packaging for target detection electronics.
     
    • (U) Fabricate and test advanced power modules for improved efficiency and reliability in phased array radar systems.
  • (U) $1,065
  • Develop advanced component technologies to integrate multi-function microwave and millimeter wave circuits for reduced airborne sensor cost, weight, and volume, and improved reliability of radar and targeting electronics.

     
    • (U) Demonstrate initial driver and booster amplifier designs; complete final design of low-band microwave power module.
  • (U) $662
  • Develop advanced multi-function sensor electronics, including integrated analog/digital elements (both radio frequency (RF) and electro-optical), to increase reliability, improve performance, and decrease cost, weight, and volume in integrated airborne avionics.

     
    • (U) Select optimal analog/digital microwave receiver designs which offer greatest overall improvement in cost and performance and initiate development.
     
    • (U) Develop affordable high performance RF device and packaging technologies which minimize the number of components and size of transmit/receive modules for use in phased array multi-function sensors on manned and unmanned platforms.
  • (U) $3,368
  • Total

    (U) FY 1998 ($ in Thousands):

    • (U) $627

    Develop advanced microelectronics components, power distribution, packaging, and interconnect technologies to reduce power consumption, cost, weight, and volume of emerging military systems such as target detection and tracking electronics.

     
    • (U) Demonstrate a capability to apply advanced inorganic coatings for the encapsulation of integrated circuits to achieve a ten times reduction in packaging costs while realizing weight savings and performance improvements.
     
    • (U) Continue development of advanced power supplies with improved efficiency and reliability needed for both analog and digital components used in multi-function phased array radar systems.
  • (U) $557
  • Develop advanced multi-function sensor electronics, including integrated analog/digital applications, to increase reliability, improve performance, and decrease cost, weight, and volume in integrated airborne avionics.

     
    • (U) Optimize very high-speed digital assemblies that can replace multiple analog assemblies in fighter aircraft radar applications to reduce system volume, complexity, and life cycle costs.
     
    • (U) Continue development of affordable, high performance RF circuits and packaging technologies for minimum size transmit/receive modules for use in phased array antenna multi-function RF sensors on manned and unmanned platforms.
     
    • (U) Demonstrate a miniature analog/digital microwave receiver with improved performance and reduced cost.
       
       
    • (U) $348

    Develop advanced design automation tools and methods for creating complex electronics/avionics. These tools will significantly lower the development cost and subsequent support costs of all electronic systems.

     
    • (U) Demonstrate the speed of automated design tools by designing an integrated circuit board for fighter cockpit applications.
  • (U) $1,532
  • Total

    (U) FY 1999 ($ in Thousands):

    • (U) $1,377

    Develop advanced microelectronics components, power distribution, packaging, and interconnect technologies to reduce power consumption, cost, weight, and volume of emerging military systems such as target detection and tracking electronics.

     
    • (U) Continue to evaluate inorganic coatings for the encapsulation of integrated circuits in multi-chip modules.
     
    • (U) Demonstrate advanced power supplies with the improved efficiency and reliability needed in both analog and digital components used in multi-function phased array radar systems.
  • (U) $619
  • Develop advanced multi-function sensor electronics, including integrated analog/digital applications, to increase reliability, improve performance, and decrease cost, weight, and volume in integrated airborne avionics.

     
    • (U) Continue to develop very high-speed digital assemblies that can replace multiple analog assemblies in applications such as fighter aircraft radars to reduce system volume, complexity, and life cycle costs.
     
    • (U) Fabricate and test affordable, high performance radio frequency (RF) circuits and packaging technologies for minimum size transmit/receive modules used in phased array antenna multi-function RF sensors for manned and unmanned platforms.
  • (U) $1,082
  • Develop advanced design automation tools and methods for creating complex electronics/avionics. These tools will significantly lower the development cost and subsequent support costs of all electronic systems.

     
    • (U) Employ advanced computer aided design tools to develop a custom integrated circuit that performs the Moving and Stationary Target Acquisition and Recognition (MSTAR) algorithm.
  • (U) $3,078
  • Total

    (U) B. Program Change Summary ($ in Thousands):

     

    FY 1996

    FY 1997

    FY 1998

    FY 1999

    Total

    Cost

    (U) Previous President’s Budget

    3,363

    3,515

    3,414

    3,613

    Cont

    (U) Current Budget Submit/FY 1998 PB

    3,363

    3,368

    1,532

    3,078

    Cont

    (U) Change Summary Explanation:

    Funding: Changes to this project since the previous President’s Budget are due to budget constraints and priorities within the Science and Technology (S&T) Program.

    Schedule: Not Applicable.

    Technical: Not Applicable.

    (U) C. Other Program Funding Summary:

    (U) Related Activities:

    (U) D. Schedule Profile: Not Applicable.

    COST ($ In Thousands)

    FY 1996 Actual

    FY 1997 Estimate

    FY 1998 Estimate

    FY 1999 Estimate

    FY 2000 Estimate

    FY 2001 Estimate

    FY 2002 Estimate

    FY 2003 Estimate

    Cost to Complete

    Total Cost

    69DF

    Target Attack and Recognition Technology

    12,879

    12,781

    12,595

    13,814

    13,907

    14,587

    14,648

    15,070

    Continuing

    Continuing

    (U) A. Mission Description and Budget Item Justification: Develops and demonstrates advanced technologies for attack management, fire control, and target identification and recognition capabilities. The objective of this project includes developing and demonstrating integrated fire control techniques to provide for a capability of adverse-weather air-to-surface precision strike against multiple targets-per-pass and air-to-air engagement at maximum weapon launch range with cooperative launch deployment flexibility. Specific fire control technologies include attack management, sensor fusion, automated decision aids, advanced tracking for low radar cross section threats, and targeting using both on-board and off-board sensor information. These fire control developments will provide force multiplication and a reduction of exposure to hostile fire. The objectives of this project also include developing and demonstrating technologies to provide for positive, high confidence cueing, recognition, and identification of both airborne and ground-based, high-value, time-critical targets at ranges compatible with tactical air-to-air and air-to-surface weapons in bad weather, day or night, and in high-threat multiple target battle areas. Model-based vision algorithms and target signature development techniques are key to the identification and recognition solution and are pursued in this project in partnership with the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency. The techniques developed are evaluated to support the Theater Missile Defense efforts in surveillance and attack. The fire control and recognition technologies developed and demonstrated in this project are high leverage in that they provide for significant advancements in operational capabilities largely through software improvements which can be readily transitioned to new and existing systems.

    (U) FY 1996 ($ in Thousands):

    • (U) $2,640

    Develop synthetic signature capability for ground targets to train automatic target recognition algorithms.

     
    • (U) Developed and performed initial demonstration of camouflage and obscuration models for partially hidden targets.
     
    • (U) Demonstrated target models for use in training of automatic target recognition algorithms.
  • (U) $2,047
  • Evaluate automatic target recognition algorithms, including model-based vision algorithms, for moving and stationary target acquisition and recognition and for Theater Missile Defense surveillance and attack efforts.

     
    • (U) Evaluated automatic target recognition algorithms, including moving and stationary target acquisition algorithms, using synthetic and measured data to assess maturity.
  • (U) $1,372
  • Develop advanced hostile target identification technologies to provide a capability for beyond-visual-range, all aspect, high confidence classification and identification of airborne targets.

     
    • (U) Demonstrated turnkey synthetic signature generation capability to support hostile target identification program.
       
       
       
       
       
    • (U) $2,356

    Develop advanced air-to-air engagement and weapon delivery technologies to provide a capability for beyond-visual-range detection, targeting, and weapon deployment against sophisticated and reduced observable airborne threats.

     
    • (U) Completed critical design for cooperative engagement system for fighter weapon systems.
     
    • (U) Conducted simulation and ground experiments of cooperative engagement and improved tracking accuracy for air-to-air weapons.
  • (U) $564
  • Develop advanced information fusion technologies to increase air engagement situation awareness and lethality through: longer-range, high confidence identification; integration of offensive and defensive sensor technology; and exploitation of off-board targeting information.

     
    • (U) Integrated model-based vision algorithms into laboratory test environment to verify operational payoff.
     
    • (U) Evaluated advanced, multispectral radar fusion, model-based vision algorithms.
  • (U) $1,536
  • Develop advanced tracking algorithms to increase detection range of conventional threats and maintain detection range against low cross section threats. This effort will also increase identification range of airborne threats.

     
    • (U) Integrated advanced tracking system into airborne data collection device.
     
    • (U) Collected airborne data and evaluated increase in identification range of advanced tracking algorithms compared to existing tracking systems.
  • (U) $2,364
  • Develop technologies for targeting both moving and stationary ground-based targets utilizing both on-board and off-board targeting information. These technologies provide the targeting solution required to deploy air-to-surface weapons.

     
    • (U) Completed evaluation of real-time, off-board targeting solutions in support of precision synthetic aperture radar weapon systems.
     
    • (U) Evaluated off-board targeting schemes for real-time information in the cockpit study using laboratory and airborne data.
  • (U) $12,879
  • Total

    (U) FY 1997 ($ in Thousands):

    • (U) $2,882

    Develop synthetic signature capability for ground targets to train automatic target recognition algorithms.

     
    • (U) Demonstrate capability to rapidly insert synthetic signatures of new targets into automatic target recognition sensor algorithms.
     
    • (U) Evaluate tactical target models under camouflage and partial obscuration conditions.
  • (U) $1,959
  • Evaluate algorithms, including model-based vision algorithms, for moving and stationary target acquisition and recognition and for theater missile defense surveillance and attack efforts.

     
    • (U) Demonstrate and evaluate maturity of end-to-end algorithms, including moving and stationary target acquisition, for insertion into theater missile defense demonstration efforts.
  • (U) $1,418
  • Develop advanced hostile target identification technologies to provide a capability for beyond-visual-range, all aspect, high confidence classification and identification of airborne targets.

     
    • (U) Continue to demonstrate synthetic signature generation capability to support fielded automatic target recognition systems.
       
       
    • (U) $283

    Develop advanced air-to-air engagement and weapon delivery technologies to provide for a beyond-visual-range detection, targeting, and weapon deployment capability against sophisticated and reduced observable airborne threats.

     
    • (U) Develop cooperative engagement subsystem technology for fighter weapon systems.
     
    • (U) Evaluate cooperative engagement and tracking accuracy development for air-to-air weapon deployment through continued simulation and ground-based experiments.
  • (U) $591
  • Develop advanced information fusion technologies to increase air engagement situation awareness and lethality through: longer-range, high confidence identification; integration of offensive and defensive sensor technology; and exploitation of off-board targeting information.

     
    • (U) Complete ground-to-air testing at the Radar Test Facility of multispectral radar signal fusion techniques.
     
    • (U) Integrate multispectral radar signal fusion into airborne data collection system.
     
    • (U) Collect airborne data and analyze multispectral radar signature fusion technologies.
  • (U) $2,679
  • Develop advanced tracking algorithms to increase detection range of conventional threats and maintain detection range against low cross section threats. This effort will also increase identification range of airborne threats.

     
    • (U) Continue to collect airborne data to evaluate the increase in identification range provided by advanced tracking algorithms versus existing tracking systems.
  • (U) $2,969
  • Develop technologies for targeting both stationary and moving ground-based threats with precision, utilizing both on-board and off-board targeting information. These technologies provide the targeting solution required to release air-to-surface weapons.

     
    • (U) Complete performance evaluation of advanced targeting techniques using real-time, off-board information.
     
    • (U) Complete analysis of off-board targeting concepts and provide option to transition to operational aircraft.
  • (U) $12,781
  • Total

    (U) FY 1998 ($ in Thousands):

    • (U) $3,788

    Develop and demonstrate advanced air-to-air detection, tracking, identification, and engagement technologies to provide beyond-visual-range, all-aspect, high confidence classification, identification, targeting, and all-aspect weapon deployment against conventional and reduced-signature airborne threats.

     
    • (U) Complete development and transition of turnkey synthetic signature generation capability to support hostile airborne target identification program.
     
    • (U) Investigate the use of advanced sensor suites and off-board sources for long-range, high-confidence identification of airborne targets.
     
    • (U) Develop preliminary design for all-aspect fire control system based on integration of offensive and defensive sensors.
     
    • (U) Complete ground-to-air testing of radar fusion techniques for combining radar identification modes.
       
       
    • (U) $2,525

    Develop and demonstrate advanced situation awareness technologies to increase air-to-ground engagement lethality and survivability through: integration of offensive and defensive sensor technology; exploitation of off-board threat and targeting information; and timely usage of Real-Time Information Out of the Cockpit (RTOC).

     
    • (U) Design a RTOC approach to improve operational battle damage assessment effectiveness.
     
    • (U) Demonstrate embedded multi-source fusion subsystem to integrate electronic intelligence information with synthetic aperture radar imagery at reconnaissance stations.
     
    • (U) Develop concept for real-time embedded multi-source fusion system to vastly improve tactical aircraft situational awareness.
  • (U) $6,282
  • Develop and demonstrate innovative air-to-ground Automatic Target Recognition (ATR) and identification technologies to increase capacity to detect, identify, and target hostile ground forces.

     
    • (U) Develop an integrated ATR/fusion algorithm design testbed to enable multi-sensor ATR and identification for both reconnaissance/intelligence and strike platforms.
     
    • (U) Demonstrate and evaluate current algorithms for air-to-ground, high range resolution algorithm that supports the longer radar timelines of reconnaissance radar.
     
    • (U) Measure performance of air-to-ground ATR algorithms using enhanced radar, third generation forward-looking infrared (FLIR), and multi-spectral ATR data.
     
    • (U) Complete critical design of hardware and software modifications to a fire control radar needed for an advanced capability to identify friendly and hostile ground forces.
  • (U) $12,595
  • Total

    (U) FY 1999 ($ in Thousands):

    • (U) $4,164

    Develop and demonstrate advanced air-to-air detection, tracking, identification, and engagement technologies to provide beyond-visual-range, all-aspect, high confidence classification, identification, targeting, and all-aspect weapon deployment against conventional and reduced-signature airborne threats.

     
    • (U) Continue investigation of advanced sensor suites and off-board sources for long-range, high-confidence identification of airborne targets.
     
    • (U) Complete critical design for all-aspect fire control system based on integration of offensive and defensive sensors.
     
    • (U) Continue to develop radar fusion techniques for combining radar identification modes.
       
       
       
       

     
    • (U) $2,493

    Develop and demonstrate advanced situation awareness technologies to increase air-to-ground engagement lethality and survivability through: integration of offensive and defensive sensor technology; exploitation of off-board threat and targeting information; and timely usage of Real-Time Information Out of the Cockpit (RTOC).

     
    • (U) Evaluate effectiveness of RTOC approach to improve operational battle damage assessment.
     
    • (U) Continue to demonstrate embedded multi-source fusion subsystem to integrate electronic intelligence information with synthetic aperture radar imagery at reconnaissance stations.
     
    • (U) Develop concept for real-time embedded multi-source fusion system to vastly improve tactical aircraft situational awareness.
  • (U) $7,157
  • Develop and demonstrate innovative air-to-ground Automatic Target Recognition (ATR) and identification technologies to increase capacity to detect, identify, and target hostile ground forces.

     
    • (U) Continue to develop an integrated ATR/fusion algorithm design testbed to enable multi-sensor ATR and identification for both reconnaissance/intelligence and strike platforms.
     
    • (U) Select optimal algorithm for air-to-ground, high range resolution algorithm that supports the longer timelines of reconnaissance radar.
     
    • (U) Evaluate performance of air-to-ground ATR algorithms using enhanced radar, third generation forward-looking infrared (FLIR), and multi-spectral ATR data.
     
    • (U) Begin hardware and software modifications to a fire control radar to demonstrate advanced capability for identification of friendly and hostile ground forces.
  • (U) $13,814
  • Total

    (U) B. Program Change Summary ($ in Thousands):

     

    FY 1996

    FY 1997

    FY 1998

    FY 1999

    Total

    Cost

    (U) Previous President’s Budget

    13,388

    13,343

    13,287

    14,093

    Cont

    (U) Current Budget Submit/FY 1998 PB

    12,879

    12,781

    12,595

    13,814

    Cont

    (U) Change Summary Explanation:

    Funding: Changes to this project since the previous President’s Budget are due to budget constraints and priorities within the Science and Technology (S&T) Program.

    Schedule: Not Applicable.

    Technical: Not Applicable.

    (U) C. Other Program Funding Summary:

    (U) Related Activities:

    (U) D. Schedule Profile: Not Applicable.

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